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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 14865:1998 Machinery for forestry Portable hand-held brush cutters and grass trimmers with backpack mounted combustion engine power source Safety requirements and testing ICS 65.060.70; 65.060.80 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006,
2、Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 30262 8 National foreword This British
3、 Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14865:1998 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/29, Forestry machinery, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible inter
4、national/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its
5、 secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Sta
6、ndards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of p
7、ages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 18 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the in
8、side front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 BSI 05-1999i Contents Page National forewordInside front cover Forewordiii Text of ISO 148651 Licens
9、ed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Unc
10、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 ii BSI 05-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Definitions2 4Safety requirements2 4.1General2 4.2Power unit2 4.3Noise and vibration2 4.3.1Noise emission2 4.3.2Vibrations at the handles3 4.4Handles3 4.5Barrier4 4.6Cutti
11、ng attachment strength4 4.6.1General4 4.6.2Impact4 4.6.3Overspeed4 4.6.4Single piece metal blade material4 4.7Retention of cutting attachment5 4.8Guards for cutting attachment5 4.9Distance to cutting attachment5 5Verification of safety requirements6 6Information for use7 6.1General7 6.2Technical dat
12、a7 6.3Instruction handbook8 6.4Marking9 Annex A (normative) List of hazards10 Annex B (normative) Cutting attachment impact test13 Annex C (normative) Thrown object test15 Figure 1 Example of a brush-cutter with a backpack power unit3 Figure 2 Handle distance4 Figure 3 Minimum distance from rear han
13、dle to the cutting attachment6 Figure B.1 Impact test14 Figure C.1 Test stand16 Figure C.2 Location of brush-cutter17 Figure C.3 Test probe18 Table 1 Safety requirements and testing method6 Table A.1 List of hazards10 Descriptors: Agricultural machinery, forest equipment, accident prevention, operat
14、or protection, portable equipment, mechanically-operated devices, grass-trimmers, brush cutters, specifications, safety requirements, tests, marking, instructions for use. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 BSI
15、 05-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject f
16、or which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on
17、 all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard
18、ISO 14865 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 17, Manually portable forest machinery. Annex A, Annex B and Annex C form an integral part of this International Standard. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov
19、 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 BSI 05-19991 Introduction This International Standard covers brush-cutters as well as grass-trimmers, because
20、the design of both machines is basically identical. Frequently one and the same unit can be either a brush-cutter or a grass-trimmer, depending on what type of cutting attachment is used. As grass-trimmers are often used in forestry, the relevant requirements have been included in this International
21、 Standard. The requirements for backpack-powered brush-cutters and grass-trimmers are equivalent to those for brush-cutters and grass-trimmers with an integrated power source as given in ISO 11806:1997, Agricultural and forestry machinery Portable hand-held combustion engine driven brush cutters and
22、 grass trimmers Safety. In addition, machinery is to comply as appropriate with ISO/TR 12100 for hazards which are not covered by this International Standard. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies safety requirements and their verification for design and construction of portable hand-held br
23、ush-cutters and grass-trimmers with a backpack-mounted combustion-engine power source. It is not applicable to units with an integrated power source, to lawn edge-trimmers or to brush-cutters equipped with metallic blades consisting of several parts. It describes methods for the elimination or reduc
24、tion of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. It does not however give any technical requirements to reduce noise and vibration hazards. Indeed the different means available to reduce these haza
25、rds are a matter for the technical aids to which the manufacturer may resort, through specialized books or specific bodies. The list of significant hazards dealt with requiring action to reduce the risk is given in Annex A. Environmental aspects have not been considered in this International Standar
26、d. This International Standard is primarily applicable to machines which are manufactured after the date of issue of the International Standard. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standa
27、rd. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC
28、 and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 7112:, Machinery for forestry Portable hand-held brush-cutters and grass-trimmers Vocabulary1). ISO 7113:, Portable hand-held forestry machines Brush-cutters Cutting attachments2). ISO 7916:1989, Forestry machinery Portable
29、brush-saws Measurement of hand-transmitted vibration. ISO 7917:1987, Acoustics Measurement at the operators position of airborne noise emitted by brush saws3). ISO 7918:1995, Forestry machinery Portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers Cutting attachment dimensions. ISO 8380:1993, Forestry machinery
30、 Portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers Cutting attachment guard strength. ISO 8893:1997, Forestry machinery Portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers Engine performance and fuel consumption. ISO 10884:1995, Manually portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers with internal combustion engine Determ
31、ination of sound power levels Engineering method (Grade 2). 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 7112:1982) 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 7113:1991) 3) Equivalent to EN 27917:1991. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS IS
32、O 14865:1998 2 BSI 05-1999 ISO/TR 12100-1:1992, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology4). ISO/TR 12100-2:1992, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications5). ISO 14
33、740:, Machinery for forestry Backpack power unit for brush-cutters and grass-trimmers, pole-cutters, hedge-trimmers and similar appliances Safety requirements and testing6). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 7112 and the following apply. 3.1
34、dry mass total unit mass without fuel, cutting attachment or guard 3.2 unit complete brush-cutter or grass-trimmer including backpack power unit equipped with harness, power transmission shaft, cutting attachment and guard, but excluding the harness NOTECertain commonly used terms relating to the un
35、it are given in Figure 1. 4 Safety requirements 4.1 General Each brush-cutter or grass-trimmer with a backpack power unit shall conform with the requirements below. If a grass-trimmer can be converted to a brush-cutter, then the converted unit shall comply with requirements for a brush-cutter and vi
36、ce versa. 4.2 Power unit The backpack power unit, including the controls and harness shall comply with the requirements given in ISO 14740. 4.3 Noise and vibration 4.3.1 Noise emission The time-averaged sound pressure levels at the operators ear shall be measured in accordance with ISO 7917, with th
37、e backpack power unit mounted on the operator according to the manufacturers instructions. For brush-cutters, sound pressure levels shall be measured at idling and racing. For grass-trimmers, sound pressure levels shall be measured at idling and with wide open throttle and maximum length in case of
38、flexible line, and the guard in place according to manufacturers recommendations. The sound power levels shall be measured according to ISO 10884 with all cutting attachments recommended by the manufacturer and at the same operating conditions as given in 4.3.1. 4) Equivalent to EN 292-1:1991. 5) Eq
39、uivalent to EN 292-2:1991. 6) To be published. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 BSI 05-19993 4.3.2 Vibrations at the handles The weighted acceleration sum shall be measured according to ISO 7916 for all cutti
40、ng attachments recommended by the manufacturer. For brush-cutters, the weighted acceleration sum shall be measured at idling and racing. For grass-trimmers, the weighted acceleration sum shall be measured at idling and with wide open throttle and maximum length in case of flexible line, and the guar
41、d in place according to manufacturers recommendations. 4.4 Handles 4.4.1 Two handles, one for each hand, shall be provided for all units. 4.4.2 The handles shall be designed so that the distance L between the centre of the handles is at least 500 mm for those units which are intended to be equipped
42、with metal saw blades, and 250 mm for all other units (see Figure 2). The handles shall be adjustable so that a suitable ergonomic working position can be achieved. An adjustment below the minimum dimensions shall be prevented by design. NOTEThe position of the operator towards the cutting attachmen
43、t is defined by the suspension point (see 4.9) and the barrier (see 4.5). Figure 1 Example of a brush-cutter with a backpack power unit Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 4 BSI 05-1999 4.4.3 Handles shall be de
44、signed so that they can be fully gripped by an operator when wearing different types of gloves, provide the necessary sureness of grip by their shape and surface and have a length of at least 100 mm. 4.5 Barrier Brush-cutters shall be equipped with a barrier to prevent an unintentional contact with
45、the cutting attachment. The barrier shall project at least 200 mm horizontally, perpendicular to the centreline of the shaft tube. The handle assembly may serve as a barrier. See also Figure 2. Adjustable barriers shall be in accordance with 4.4.2 4.6 Cutting attachment strength 4.6.1 General The cu
46、tting attachment as specified by the manufacturer shall first be tested and meet the requirements according to 4.6.2. The same cutting attachment shall then, without any changes, be tested and meet the requirements according to 4.6.3. An exception is made for cutting attachment of single piece metal
47、 blade for which no overspeed test (4.6.3) is made. Such blades shall instead meet the material requirements in 4.6.4. 4.6.2 Impact Cutting attachment, excluding flexible cutting lines, shall not break or crack when impacted once against a 25 mm diameter steel rod, according to Annex B. NOTEMinor da
48、mage at the point of contact is not a cause for test failure. 4.6.3 Overspeed The cutting attachment shall not break or crack when operated for 5 min, either at maximum speed or at 133 % of the maximum power speed, according to ISO 8893, whichever is less. 4.6.4 Single piece metal blade material Sin
49、gle piece metal blades shall be made of materials which comply with ISO 7113. Figure 2 Handle distance Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 03:24:21 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 14865:1998 BSI 05-19995 4.7 Retention of cutting attachment 4.7.1 The mounting of a metallic cutting attachment shall not show any relative motion between the cutting attachment and the retainer when tested as follows: a) install the cutting attachment according to the manufactu
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