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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 16869:2008 Plastics Assessment of the effectiveness of fungistatic compounds in plastics formulations ICS 83.080.01 ? Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22
2、:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- BS ISO 16869:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 62557 2 National foreword This British Standard is the UK
3、implementation of ISO 16869:2008. It supersedes BS ISO 16869:2001 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publ
4、ication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments Copyright British Standards
5、 Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Reference number ISO 16869:2008(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16869 Second edition 2008-
6、06-01 Plastics Assessment of the effectiveness of fungistatic compounds in plastics formulations Plastiques valuation de lefficacit des composs fongistatiques dans les formulations de plastiques BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncont
7、rolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ii Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale,
8、08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus and materials 2 5.1 Apparatus 2 5.2 Culture media and reagents 3 5.3
9、Organisms and cultivation. 5 6 Test specimens. 5 6.1 Shape and dimensions. 5 6.2 Number of specimens 5 7 Preparation of specimens 5 7.1 Cleaning. 5 7.2 Labelling and storage. 5 8 Procedure 6 8.1 Test temperature. 6 8.2 Filling the Petri dishes 6 8.3 Arrangement of test specimens 6 8.4 Inoculation of
10、 the test specimens. 6 8.4.1 Preparation of the spore suspension. 6 8.4.2 Inoculation of the nutrient-salt overlay agar 6 8.4.3 Overlay of specimen. 6 8.4.4 Incubation 7 8.4.5 Viability control. 7 9 Assessment of fungal growth . 7 10 Expression of results . 7 11 Precision and bias 8 12 Test report .
11、 8 Bibliography. 9 BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iv Foreword ISO (the Int
12、ernational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha
13、s been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical
14、standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodie
15、s for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any o
16、r all such patent rights. ISO 16869 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 6, Ageing, chemical and environmental resistance. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16869:2001), of which it constitutes a minor technical revision. The main cha
17、nges are an increase in the maximum diameter of the test specimen to 4 cm (see 6.1) and the introduction of centrifuging operations in the preparation of the spore suspension in 8.4.1. BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Cop
18、y Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- v Introduction It is a well known phenomenon that plasticizers as well as other ingredients in plastics formulations can be attacked by bacteria, yeasts and f
19、ungi, the latter being the most important deteriogens. Microbial attack results in a reduction of the quality of the plastic, causing embrittlement as well as discoloration. This deterioration is of economic importance. The prevention of fungal attack can be achieved by the incorporation of a fungis
20、tatic compound into the formulation. The function of this fungistat is to inhibit the growth of any fungi present on the surface of the plastic product. The method described in this International Standard determines the effectiveness of fungistatic compounds incorporated into the plastic against the
21、 fungi used in the test. BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- blank Copyright Br
22、itish Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 1 Plastics Assessment of the effectiveness of fungistatic compounds in pl
23、astics formulations WARNING Handling and manipulation of microorganisms that are potentially hazardous requires a high degree of technical competence and may be subject to current national legislation and regulations. Only personnel trained in microbiological techniques should carry out such tests.
24、Codes of practice for disinfection, sterilization and personal hygiene must be strictly observed. It is recommended that workers consult IEC 60068-2-10:2005, Annex A “Danger to personnel”, and ISO 7218, Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs General requirements and guidance for microbiologi
25、cal examinations. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the effectiveness of fungistatic compounds in protecting susceptible ingredients like plasticizers, stabilizers, etc., in plastics formulations. The method demonstrates whether or not a plastic product is active
26、ly protected against fungal attack. The evaluation is by visual examination. The test is applicable to any articles made of plastic that are in the form of films or plates no thicker than 10 mm. In addition, porous materials such as plastic foams may be tested provided that they are in the above- me
27、ntioned form. A minimum diffusion of the fungicides that migrate out of the matrix is necessary with this procedure. In contrast to ISO 846, the test films are not sprayed with a fungal spore suspension but covered with a layer of test agar containing spores. It has been found that this leads to a b
28、etter distribution of the spores as well as providing a good supply of water necessary for spore germination on plastic surfaces that are normally hydrophobic. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
29、 the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291:2008, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with
30、BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 plastic susceptible to funga
31、l attack plastic material that contains in its formulation one or more nutrients that support fungal growth 3.2 fungistat compound that prevents fungal growth on a material that is normally susceptible to fungal attack 4 Principle Test specimens are exposed to a suspension of mixed fungal spores. Th
32、e spores are applied to the surface of the test specimen in a thin layer of an agar medium without an added carbon source. In this way, uniform distribution of the spores is achieved as well as an optimum supply of water. The absence of fungistatic agents in the plastic material will lead to germina
33、tion of the fungal spores and initial growth. When the ingredients in the material are susceptible to fungal attack and no active fungistat is included in the formulation, further growth and sporulation will occur over and around the test specimen. The presence of an active fungistat in the material
34、 will lead to suppression of spore germination and initial growth in the area over and around the test specimen. Fungistatic agents can migrate into the agar around the test specimen, thereby suppressing germination and appearing to give an increased zone of inhibition. Although not relevant to the
35、interpretation of the test results, the inhibition zone can be an indication of the behaviour of the fungistat under test. 5 Apparatus and materials 5.1 Apparatus Sterilize all glassware and all parts of the rest of the apparatus that will come into contact with the culture media and/or reagents (ex
36、cept those which are supplied sterile) by one of the following methods: method A: autoclave (see 5.1.2) at 121 C for a minimum of 15 min; method B: use a dry-heat sterilizer (see 5.1.2) at 180 C for at least 30 min, at 170 C for at least 1 h, or at 160 C for at least 2 h; method C: use a membrane-fi
37、ltration system of pore size 0,45 m. 5.1.1 Incubator, maintained at 24 C 1 C. 5.1.2 Sterilization apparatus: 5.1.2.1 For moist-heat sterilization, a suitable autoclave. 5.1.2.2 For dry-heat sterilization, a hot-air oven maintained at one of the temperatures specified in method B above. 5.1.2.3 For m
38、embrane-filtration sterilization, a membrane-filtration apparatus, of pore size as specified in method C above. 5.1.3 Analytical balance, accurate to 0,1 mg. 5.1.4 Laboratory centrifuge, speed 2 000 rpm to 5 000 rpm. 5.1.5 Counting chamber (for direct counting with the help of a microscope). BS ISO
39、16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 5.1.6 Microscope, magnification 100. 5.1.7 pH-me
40、ter, having an accuracy of 0,1 pH-units, capable of temperature correction. 5.1.8 Vortex shaker, operating at 2 000 rpm to 2 500 rpm. 5.1.9 Containers: test tubes, flasks or bottles of suitable capacity. 5.1.10 Petri dishes, 90 mm to 100 mm in diameter and at least 15 mm deep. 5.1.11 Graduated pipet
41、tes, with nominal capacities of 1,0 ml and 15,0 ml. Calibrated automatic pipettes may be used. 5.1.12 Graduated measuring cylinder, minimum capacity 30 ml. 5.1.13 Glass beads, diameter 3 mm to 5 mm. 5.2 Culture media and reagents All reagents shall be of analytical grade and/or of a grade appropriat
42、e for microbiological purposes. 5.2.1 Water Any water used shall be distilled or deionized and have a conductivity of 1 S/cm. 5.2.2 Malt-extract agar (MEA) Malt extract 30,0 g Soya peptone 3,0 g Agar-agar 15,0 g Water (5.2.1) to make up to 1 000 ml Sterilize in the autoclave (see 5.1.2). After steri
43、lization, the pH of the medium shall be 7,0 0,2. 5.2.3 Chaetomium agar NaNO3 2,0 g MgSO47H2O 0,5 g KCl 0,5 g Fe2(SO4)3H2O 0,01 g KH2PO4 0,14 g K2HPO4 1,20 g Agar-agar 15,0 g Yeast extract 0,02 g Microcellulose 20,0 g or Carboxymethyl-cellulose (Na salt) 10,0 g Water (5.2.1) to make up to 1 000 ml St
44、erilize in the autoclave (see 5.1.2). After sterilization, the pH of the medium shall be 7,2 0,2. BS ISO 16869:2008 Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/14/2008 22:19:08 MDTNo reproduction
45、or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 5.2.4 Wetting agent Prepare a 5 % (m/V) stock solution of polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylenesorbitane monooleate) in water. To harvest the spores, dilute the stock solution with water to 0,05 % (m/V). 5.2.5 Stock solution for nutrient-salt soluti
46、on and agar NaCl 0,5 g FeSO47H2O 0,2 g ZnSO47H2O 0,2 g MnSO41H2O 0,06 g Water (5.2.1) to make up to 1 000 ml Before storage for a lengthy period, the stock solution shall be sterilized by membrane filtration. 5.2.6 Nutrient-salt solution KH2PO4 2,62 g Na2HPO42H2O 0,2 g MgSO47H2O 0,7 g NH4NO3 1,0 g S
47、tock solution (5.2.5) 10 ml Water (5.2.1) to make up to 1 000 ml Sterilize in the autoclave (see 5.1.2). After sterilization, the pH of the medium shall be 5,5 0,2. 5.2.7 Nutrient-salt agar KH2PO4 2,62 g Na2HPO42H2O 0,20 g MgSO47H2O 0,70 g NH4NO3 1,0 g Agar-agar 15,0 g Stock solution (5.2.5) 10 ml Water (5.2.1) to make up to 1 000 ml Heat the prepared medium till the agar-agar is molten, then measure the temperature and adjust the pH to 5,5 0,1. Sterilize in an autoclave (see 5.1.2). Agar plates shall be freshly prepared when no validated method for long-term storage (longer
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