《BS-ISO-18902-2001.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-ISO-18902-2001.pdf(22页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 18902:2001 Imaging materials Processed photographic films, plates and papers Filing enclosures and storage containers ICS 37.040.10 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00
2、 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 18902:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 September 2001 BSI 17
3、 September 2001 ISBN 0 580 38470 5 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO18902:2001 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS ISO 10214:1991 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/42, Photogr
4、aphy, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catal
5、ogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their c
6、orrect application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests
7、informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed i
8、n this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 18902:2001(E) ISO 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 189
9、02 First edition 2001-09-01 Imaging materials Processed photographic films, plates and papers Filing enclosures and storage containers Matriaux pour image Films, plaques et papiers aprs traitement Contenants pour classement destins larchivage Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13
10、:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 18902:2001(E) iii ContentsPage Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1Scope 1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions .2 4Materials .2 4.1Gen
11、eral2 4.2Paper and board.3 4.3Plastic .4 4.4Metal4 4.5Adhesives.4 4.6Printing inks.4 5Enclosures5 5.1General5 5.2Enclosure types.5 5.3Dimensions.7 5.4Seams .7 6Material and construction selection 7 Annex A (informative) Numbering system for related International Standards9 Annex B (informative) Dist
12、inction between storage (record) copies and work (reference) copies11 Bibliography12 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 18902:2001(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federa
13、tion of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committ
14、ee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance
15、 with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dra
16、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 18902 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. This first
17、 edition cancels and replaces ISO 10214:1991, of which it constitutes a technical revision. This International Standard is one of a series of International Standards dealing with the physical properties and stability of imaging materials. To facilitate identification of these International Standards
18、, they are assigned a number within the block from 18900 18999 (see annex A). Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 18902:2001(E) v Introduction Photograp
19、hic materials, including black-and-white and colour reflection prints, films, plates, and diazo prints and transparencies, have become increasingly important as documentary and pictorial reference materials in archives, libraries, government, commerce and academia. This has focused attention on the
20、importance of preservation of such materials to ensure their longest possible life. The stability and useful life of photographic materials depends on their physical and chemical properties, as well as on the conditions under which they are stored and used. The important elements affecting the usefu
21、l life of photographic materials are as follows: ?humidity and temperature of the storage environment; ?hazards of fire, water, and light exposure; ?fungal growth; ?contact with certain chemicals in solid, liquid or gaseous form; ?physical damage; ?proper processing; ?enclosures and containers in co
22、ntact with the photographic material. International Standards have been written specifying the stability requirements for different types of photographic film: ISO 18901, ISO 18905, ISO 18912 and ISO 18919 (see 10, 11, 13, 15 in the bibliography). Recommended storage conditions are given in the foll
23、owing standards for different photographic materials: ISO 18911, ISO 18918 and ISO 18920. This International Standard is an auxiliary document and deals specifically with the enclosure materials used in storage. It pertains to the materials used in filing enclosures, containers and albums, as well a
24、s to construction details used in folders, sleeves, jackets, envelopes, pocket pages, and slide mounts. In addition, ISO 14523 describes the test method used to evaluate filing enclosure materials for photo-reactivity, referred to in this International Standard. The term “archival“ is no longer used
25、 in International Standards for defining optimum storage conditions and enclosures, because the meaning of “archival“ has become too ambiguous. In common usage, “archival“ has been used to mean that documents can be preserved “forever“. The new terms, when applied to the storage standards mentioned
26、above are “extended-term” and “medium-term”. Likewise, enclosure materials should not be referred to as “archival“, but rather as meeting the specifications of this International Standard and ISO 14523. When filing processed films, plates or papers, it is customary and good practice to enclose these
27、 photographic materials in envelopes, sleeves, folders, or other forms of enclosure in order to exclude dirt, protect them against mechanical damage, and facilitate identification and handling. Storage conditions for photographic records can be designed for extended-term preservation or for moderate
28、 periods of time. The storage protection required in each case will differ in degree according to the cost of providing storage facilities, the desired record life, and the frequency of record use. Storage conditions shall be chosen within specified limits in order to obtain a satisfactory compromis
29、e between the degree of protection required and the practical consideration of immediate availability. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 18902:2001(E) vi Specifying the chemical and physical characteristics of the photograp
30、hic and enclosure materials does not, by itself, ensure satisfactory storage behaviour. It is essential also to provide proper storage temperature and humidity, as well as protection from the hazards of fire, water, and fungal growth; from contact with certain chemicals in solid, liquid or gaseous f
31、orm (e.g., atmospheric pollutants); and from physical damage. Furthermore, different types of photographic materials may respond uniquely to varying storage conditions. Since solid particles abrade prints and negatives when being slid in and out of filing enclosures or when stacked items are sorted,
32、 and because such particles can sometimes be chemically destructive to images and base materials, clean, dust-free storage areas are essential. Atmospheric conditions, natural and man-made, shall be controlled since paper and plastic enclosures are permeable and they do not protect the photographic
33、image from environmental effects. Such effects include non-recommended relative humidities, or atmospheric pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and peroxides. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI I
34、NTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 18902:2001(E) 1 Imaging materials Processed photographic films, plates and papers Filing enclosures and storage containers 1Scope This International Standard specifies the principal physical and chemical requirements for filing enclosures, albums, and containers particularly
35、 designed for storing processed photographic films, plates and papers. The photographic image may be silver-gelatin type, colour (dye-gelatin), diazo or vesicular. This International Standard applies to storage copies and does not include work copies as defined in informative annex B. The requiremen
36、ts are limited to the characteristics that may affect the enclosed item chemically or physically when it is stored under recommended conditions. (For methods of proper storage, see ISO 18911, ISO 18918 and ISO 18920, see 12, 14, 16 in the bibliography.) 2Normative references The following normative
37、documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are
38、encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. I
39、SO 699:1982, Pulps Determination of alkali resistance ISO 6588:1981, Paper, board and pulps Determination of pH of aqueous extracts ISO 10716:1994, Paper and board Determination of alkali reserve ISO 14523:1999, Photography Processed photographic materials Photographic activity test for enclosure ma
40、terials ASTM D 1030-95, Standard Test Method for Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paperboard, Appendix X51) TAPPI T236om-99, Kappa number of pulp2) TAPPI T406om-94, Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard2) TAPPI T408om-97, Rosin in paper and paperboard2) 1)Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, We
41、st Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA. 2)Available from the Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry, Box 105113, Technology Park, Atlanta, GA 30348, USA. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 13:08:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 18902:2001(E) 2 3Terms and defini
42、tions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 anti-blocking agent component of a material that provides microscopic bumps on the surface in order to minimize contact area and reduce the coefficient of friction NOTEExamples are talc and silicate
43、s. 3.2 ferrotyping glazing changing of surface characteristics resulting from contact of two surfaces 3.3 Newtons rings faint coloured rings or fringe patterns formed by the interference between a direct and a reflected beam of light generated by two transparent surfaces in close contact 3.4 slip ag
44、ent component of a material added to a surface so as to reduce the coefficient of friction NOTESlip agents are usually amide-type materials. 4Materials 4.1General The enclosure material should be free of acids and peroxides that may be released slowly with time and cause degradation to the image or
45、various components of the photograph. For example, ageing blemishes in processed silver gelatin microfilm may be caused by chemicals such as peroxides evolved from the paper (see 1, 2 in the bibliography). Likewise, the presence of acid in paper can cause paper degradation. The enclosure itself shal
46、l be chemically stable. Otherwise, the decomposition products might be harmful to the photographic material, and dirt or dust might be produced that could scratch, or become embedded in the image surface. Cellulose nitrate, polyvinyl chloride, and glassine sheeting are examples of enclosure material
47、s that are either chemically or physically unstable and shall not be used (see 3, 4 in the bibliography). The surface of the enclosure material is also important. The enclosure shall not abrade the photograph. While a slightly textured or matte surface is recommended for the filing enclosure to mini
48、mize ferrotyping (see below), a rough surface can produce abrasion problems. There may be other harmful physical characteristics of the enclosure material that may develop under adverse environmental conditions e.g., elevated relative humidity. These include wrinkling and distortions common to glass
49、ine paper or ferrotyping of the image surface, i.e., local or overall glazing that can result from contact under pressure with smooth, glossy, plastic enclosure materials. Finally, enclosures shall be of sound and sturdy construction so that the enclosure functions properly during use, without seams or fabrication components failing or otherwise damaging the photographs during storage. Paper, cardboard, and plastic enclosure materials, slide mounts, inks and adhesives shall meet the requirements of the photographic activity test as described in
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3746986.html