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1、BS EN ISO 707:2008 ICS 67.100.01, NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Milk and milk products Guidance on sampling (ISO 707:2008) Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This B
2、ritish Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 54902 1 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments BS EN ISO 707:2008 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN I
3、SO 707:2008. It supersedes BS EN ISO 707:1997 (RO5) and which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/5, Chemical analysis of milk and milk products. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretar
4、y. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2
5、009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 707 August 2008 ICS 67.100.01Supersedes EN ISO 707:1997 English Version Milk and milk products - Guidance on sampling (ISO 707:2008) Lait et produits laitiers - Lignes directrices pour lechantillonnage (IS
6、O 707:2008) Milch und Milcherzeugnisse - Leitfaden zur Probenahme (ISO 707:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a na
7、tional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version i
8、n any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark
9、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIO
10、N EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 707:2008: E Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2
11、009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 EN ISO 707:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 707:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 “Agricultural food products“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 302 “Milk and milk products - Methods of sampling a
12、nd analysis” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February
13、 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 707:1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
14、 Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
15、 Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 707:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 707:2008 without any modification. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank Universi
16、ty, 31/01/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 ISO 707:2008(E) IDF 50:2008(E) ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction. vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 General arrangements 1 5 Apparatus 3 6 Sampling 5
17、7 Preservation of samples 5 8 Storage and transport of samples 5 9 Milk and liquid milk products 6 10 Evaporated milk, sweetened condensed milk and milk concentrate 9 11 Semi-solid and solid milk products except butter and cheese 13 12 Edible ices, semi-processed (semi-finished) ices and other froze
18、n milk products. 14 13 Dried milk and dried milk products. 16 14 Butter and related products. 17 15 Butterfat (butter oil) and related products . 19 16 Cheese . 21 Annex A (informative) Examples of sampling equipment and shapes of sampling 24 Annex B (informative) Thermally insulated container for t
19、he transport of cooled, frozen and quick-frozen food samples 32 Annex C (informative) Additional information for the use of insulated transport containers 36 Annex D (informative) Sampling report for cheese 37 Bibliography. 40 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01
20、/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 ISO 707:2008(E) IDF 50:2008(E) iv ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Intern
21、ational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with
22、 ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical
23、 committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to
24、the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 707IDF 50 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 5, Milk and milk products, and
25、the International Dairy Federation (IDF). It is being published jointly by ISO and IDF. This third edition of ISO 707IDF 50 cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 707:1997), which has been technically revised. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:50
26、, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 ISO 707:2008(E) IDF 50:2008(E) ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved v Foreword IDF (the International Dairy Federation) is a non-profit organization representing the dairy sector worldwide. IDF membership comprises National Committees in every member c
27、ountry as well as regional dairy associations having signed a formal agreement on cooperation with IDF. All members of IDF have the right to be represented on the IDF Standing Committees carrying out the technical work. IDF collaborates with ISO in the development of standard methods of analysis and
28、 sampling for milk and milk products. Draft International Standards adopted by the Action Teams and Standing Committees are circulated to the National Committees for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 50 % of the IDF National Committees casting a vote. Att
29、ention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. IDF shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 707IDF 50 was prepared by the International Dairy Federation (IDF) and Technical Committee ISO/TC 34
30、, Food products, Subcommittee SC 5, Milk and milk products. It is being published jointly by IDF and ISO. All work was carried out by the Joint ISO-IDF Action Team on Sampling and sample preparation of the Standing Committee on Quality assurance, statistics of analytical data and sampling under the
31、aegis of its project leader, Mr. T. Berger (CH). This edition of ISO 707IDF 50 cancels and replaces IDF 50:1995, which has been technically revised. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 ISO 707:2008(E) IDF
32、 50:2008(E) vi ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved Introduction Sampling is an operation that requires most careful attention; emphasis cannot be too strongly laid on the necessity of obtaining a properly representative sample. Written sampling procedures are demanded by ISO/IEC 170256 if sampling
33、is performed by laboratories. Written procedures are also required for subsampling steps in the laboratory, e.g. the preparation of test portions. The sampling procedure is part of the measurement procedure, but not of the measurement itself. It therefore does not contribute to the measurement uncer
34、tainty. Variations resulting from sampling procedures handled by the laboratory contribute to the uncertainty of the reported result and have therefore to be added to the measurement uncertainty. Reference 10 is a guidance document on this issue. The procedures described in this International Standa
35、rd are recognized as good practice to be followed whenever practicable. However, it is impossible to lay down fixed rules to be followed in every case, and, however explicit, they cannot fully take the place of judgement, skill and experience. In particular, unforeseen circumstances may render some
36、modifications desirable. Whenever special requirements are given for sampling and/or arise from a specific analysis to be performed, these requirements should be followed. Heterogeneity in cheese provides particular challenges for sampling. Sampling uncertainty is mainly influenced by the heterogene
37、ity of the sample, the sample size and the sampling method. There are significant consequences for both microbiological as well as for chemical analyses in cheese. Normally the cheese curd is moulded into a specific shape and dimensions and this can affect the development. During ripening of the mou
38、lded cheese curd under regular conditions or in environments in which the humidity, temperature, and possibly composition of the atmosphere are controlled, the outside of the cheese will develop into a semi-closed layer with a lower moisture content, the rind, often initiated by brining. Due to the
39、influence of the salt gradient in the brine, of oxygen, of drying out and of other reactions, the rind successively becomes of a somewhat different composition than the interior of the cheese. Rennet and microorganisms, added as selected cultures or naturally available, by enzymatic and microbiologi
40、cal activity, change the structure and composition of the inner zone of the cheese. Moreover, microorganisms are often not homogeneously distributed throughout the cheese. Ripening is influenced by storage temperature, time, humidity, and salt gradients. During or after ripening, the cheese rind can
41、 be treated or can be naturally colonized with desired cultures of microorganisms. The resulting layer, in the latter case referred to as smear, will have further influence on the ripening of the border zone. To be able to make correct decisions on the sampled material, specific knowledge of cheese
42、ripening is necessary. Depending on the desired conclusion, it has to be decided where a sample is to be taken and how many samples are necessary. For these reasons, ISO 707IDF 50 has been written in the form of guidance rather than as an “imperative” standard. The test samples obtained by the metho
43、ds described in this International Standard are “laboratory samples” as defined in ISO 78-2:19991, 3.1. The “test portion” obtained by the methods described is also defined in ISO 78-2:19991, 3.3. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy
44、, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 707:2008(E) IDF 50:2008(E) ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved 1 Milk and milk products Guidance on sampling 1 Scope This International Standard gives guidance on methods of sampling milk and milk products for microbiological, chemical, physic
45、al and sensory analysis, except for (semi)automated sampling. NOTE See also Reference 9. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
46、of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7002, Agricultural food products Layout for a standard method of sampling from a lot 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7002, and the following, apply. 3.1 laboratory sam
47、ple sample as prepared for sending to the laboratory and intended for inspection or testing ISO 78-2:19991, 3.1 3.2 test portion quantity of material drawn from the laboratory sample on which the test or observation is actually carried out Adapted from ISO 78-2:19991, 3.3 NOTE It is possible that te
48、st portions of milk and milk products may require further processing, e.g. removal of parts that impair the test result, aseptic extraction of parts or grating. 4 General arrangements This International Standard is not suitable as a basis for formulating legal obligations between contracting parties
49、. In such cases, additional written requirements are necessary. The number of units to be selected for sampling by inspection by attributes may be determined according to ISO 5538IDF 1133. Sampling for inspection by variables may be determined according to lSO 8197 (IDF 136A)5. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, South Bank University, 31/01/2009 03:50, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 707:2008 ISO 707:2008(E) IDF 50:2008(E) 2 ISO and IDF 2008 All rights reserved The following instructions are not necessari
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