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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 14122-1:2001 Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 1: Choice of a fixed means of access between two levels The European Standard EN ISO 14122-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.110 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMIT
2、TED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN ISO 14122-1:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2001 BSI 08-2001 ISBN 0 580 37016 X
3、National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 14122-1:2001. It is identical with ISO 14122-1:2001. It partially supersedes BS 5395-3:1985, and BS 4592-1 to -5, which are being amended to address the requirements of this standard. Recommendations on the de
4、sign aspects of industrial type stairs, walkways, platforms, fixed ladders and companionway ladders not addressed by this standard can be found in BS 5395-3. Requirements for industrial type metal flooring, walkways and stair treads that are not addressed by this standard can be found in BS 4592-1 t
5、o -5, which covers the following: The UK participation in the preparation of EN ISO 14122 was entrusted by Technical Committee B/208, Stairs and walkways, to Subcommittee B/208/1, Stairs and walkways, Industrial stairs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this sub
6、committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” fac
7、ility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal oblig
8、ations. Part 1:Specification for open bar gratings; Part 2:Specification for expanded metal grating panels; Part 3:Specification for cold formed planks; Part 4:Specification for glass reinforced plastics open bar gratings; Part 5:Specification for solid plates in steel, aluminium and glass reinforce
9、d plastics (GRP). aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.
10、 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Dat
11、eComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14122-1 May 2001 ICS 13.110 English version Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) Scurit des machines - Moyens daccs permanents au
12、x machines - Partie 1: Choix dun moyen daccs fixe entre deux niveaux (ISO 14122-1:2001) Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ortsfeste Zugnge zu maschinellen Anlagen - Teil 1: Wahl eines ortsfesten Zugangs zwischen zwei Ebenen (ISO 14122-1:2001) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2000.
13、CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on a
14、pplication to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has t
15、he same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE
16、 FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14122-1:2001 E Page 2 EN ISO 14122-1:
17、2001 Contents Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 5 2Normative references 5 3Terms and definitions5 4Significant hazards7 5Requirements for the selection of the fixed means of access7 5.1General7 5.2Preferred means of access.8 5.3Selection of the means of access 8 5.3.1Basic solutions.8 5.3.2Conditions
18、for the selection of stepladder or ladder.8 5.4Selection between lift, ramp or stair9 5.5Selection between stepladder and ladder.10 6Assembly instructions 11 Annex A (informative) Examples of the possible changes in the machine or system to make a better access possible12 Annex ZA (informative) Rela
19、tionship of this European standard with EC directives 13 Bibliography14 Page 3 EN ISO 14122-1:2001 Foreword The text of EN ISO 14122-1:2001 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee IS
20、O/TC 199 “Safety of machinery“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2001. This European S
21、tandard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. According to
22、 the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain
23、, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 4 EN ISO 14122-1:2001 Introduction EN ISO 14122 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery“ : Part 1 : Choice of a fixed means of access between two levels Part 2 : Working
24、platforms and walkways Part 3 : Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails Part 4 : Fixed ladders. This part of EN ISO 14122 is a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. This document is to be read in conjunction with clause 1.6.2 “Access to operating position and servicing points“ and 1.5.15 “Risk of slippi
25、ng, tripping or falling“ of the essential safety requirements expressed in annex A of EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995. See also 6.2.4 “Provision for safe access to machinery“ of EN 292-2:1991. For the significant hazards covered by this part of EN ISO 14122, see clause 4. The provisions of this document may b
26、e supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE 1For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B stand
27、ard. “ NOTE 2The use of materials other than metals (wood composite materials, so-called “advanced“ materials, etc.) does not alter the application of this part of EN ISO 14122. Annexes A and ZA are for information only. This part of EN ISO 14122 contains a Bibliography. Page 5 EN ISO 14122-1:2001 1
28、 Scope EN ISO 14122 defines the general requirements for safe access to machines mentioned in EN 292-2. Part 1 of EN ISO 14122 gives advice about the correct choice of access means when the necessary access to the machine is not possible directly from the ground level or from a floor. This part of E
29、N ISO 14122 applies to all machinery (stationary and mobile) where fixed means of access are necessary. This part of EN ISO 14122 applies to means of access which are a part of a machine. This part of EN ISO 14122 may also apply to means of access to that part of the building (e.g. working platforms
30、, walkways, ladders) where the machine is installed, providing the main function of that part of the building is to provide a means of access to the machine. NOTEThis part of EN ISO 14122 may be used also for means of access which are outside the scope of this part of EN ISO 14122. In those cases th
31、e possible relevant national or other regulations should be taken into account. This part of EN ISO 14122 applies also to access means specific to the machine which are not permanently fixed to the machine and which may be removed or moved to the side for some operations of the machine (e.g. changin
32、g tools in a large press). This part of EN ISO 14122 does not apply to lifts, to moveable elevating platforms or other devices specially designed to lift persons between two levels 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publica
33、tions. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision.
34、 For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 2921:1991 (ISO/TR 12100-1), Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1 : Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2/A1 (ISO/TR 12100-2), Safety of machinery Basic c
35、oncepts, general principles for design Part 2 : Technical principles and specifications EN 1050 (ISO 14121), Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment EN 1070, Safety of machinery Terminology EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery Permanents means of access to machinery Part 2: Working platfor
36、ms and walkways EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery Permanents means of access to machinery Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails prEN ISO 14122-4:1996, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 4: Fixed ladders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of EN
37、ISO 14122, the terms and definitions stated in EN 1070 “Safety of machinery - Terminology“ and the following terms and definitions apply (see also Figure 5). Page 6 EN ISO 14122-1:2001 3.1 ladder fixed means of access with an angle of pitch from more than 75 to 90 , whose horizontal elements are run
38、gs (see Figure 1) Figure 1 75 angle of pitch ? ? 90 3.2 stepladder fixed means of access with an angle of pitch from more than 45 up to 75 , whose horizontal elements are steps (see Figure 2) Figure 2 45 slope angle ? ? 75 3.3 stair fixed means of access with an angle of pitch from more than 20 up t
39、o 45 , whose horizontal elements are steps (see Figure 3) Figure 3 20 angle of pitch ? ? 45 Page 7 EN ISO 14122-1:2001 3.4 ramp fixed means of access, comprising a continuous inclined plane having an angle of pitch from more than 0 up to 20 (see Figure 4) Figure 4 0 angle of pitch ? ? 20 4 Significa
40、nt hazards The significant hazards to be considered when determining the type and location of the means of access are the following: a)Falling. b)Slipping. c)Tripping. d)caused by excessive physical effort, e.g. from climbing a series of ladders. e)from falling of materials or objects when they may
41、cause a risk to persons. Other hazards generated by the machinery, e.g. caused by the functioning of the machinery (moving parts of the machine, movement of the machine itself (mobile machines), radiation, hot surface, noise, steam, hot liquids) or caused by its environment (harmful airborne substan
42、ces) are not covered by this part of EN ISO 14122 but the designer of the machine should consider them, e.g. by preventing the access. NOTEEN 1050 gives principles for risk assessment. This part of EN ISO 14122 is primarily aimed at the prevention of persons falling and of excessive physical efforts
43、. 5 Requirements for the selection of the fixed means of access 5.1 General There shall be a safe and convenient means of access to all the zones and points of the machine where the need for access can be foreseen during the phases of the “life“ of the machinery (see 3.11 of EN 292-1:1991). Page 8 E
44、N ISO 14122-1:2001 5.2 Preferred means of access The preferred means of access to the machinery shall be in the following order : a)access directly from the ground level or from a floor, (for more details see 5.3.1.1 and EN ISO 14122-2) ; b)lifts, ramps or stairs, (for more details see 5.4) ; c)step
45、ladders or ladders, (for more details see 5.5). 5.3 Selection of the means of access 5.3.1 Basic solutions 5.3.1.1Whenever possible, access to control devices and other parts of the machine is preferred from either a ground level or a floor. This is particularly important where frequent access is re
46、quired. 5.3.1.2If level access according to 5.3.1.1 is not possible or practicable, a lift or suitable ramp with an angle of pitch less than 10 (see 5.4.b) or stairs with an angle of pitch from a minimum of 30 to maximum of 38 (see 5.4.c) shall normally be selected as a safe and suitable basic solut
47、ion for the necessary access. 5.3.2 Conditions for the selection of stepladder or ladder 5.3.2.1In the design of access to machinery, stepladders and ladders shall be avoided as far as practicable due to the higher risk of falling and because of the higher physical efforts when using these access me
48、ans. 5.3.2.2If access means according to 5.3.1 are not possible, selection of a stepladder or ladder may be considered. The final decision shall be made on the basis of the risk assessment, including ergonomic aspects. If the level of risk (see EN 1050) is considered to be too high, the basic constr
49、uction of the means of access to the machine shall be changed to allow accessways with a reduced risk to be used (see 5.3.1 and annex A). 5.3.2.3The following list presents some examples of the cases when a stepladder or ladder may be selected. These are only examples - the final selection shall always be done case by case on the basis of risk assessment. In most cases more than one of the conditions in the following list shall be fulfilled to make the selection of a stepladder or ladder possible. a
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