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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 11108:1996 Information and documentation Archival paper Requirements for permanence and durability ICS 01.140.20; 85.060 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 This British Standard, having
2、been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1997 BSI 12-1998 ISBN 0 580 27219 2 National Foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 11108:1996 and implements
3、it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enqu
4、iries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request. Cross-references The British Standards wh
5、ich implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not
6、 purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside fr
7、ont cover, the ISO title page, page ii, pages 1 to 3 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licen
8、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 i BSI 12-1998 Contents Page Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3De
9、finitions1 3.1Archival paper1 3.2Permanence1 3.3Durability1 3.4Alkali reserve (of a paper)1 4Required characteristics1 4.1General1 4.2Fibre composition1 4.3Grammage1 4.4Tearing resistance1 4.5Folding endurance2 4.6pH value of aqueous extract2 4.7Alkali reserve2 4.8Resistance to oxidation2 5Report2 A
10、nnex A (informative) Relationship between archival paper and permanent paper as defined in ISO 97063 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 BSI 12-1998ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiza
11、tion) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
12、represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International St
13、andards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 11108 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and
14、 documentation, Subcommittee SC 10, Physical keeping of documents. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. Descriptors: Documentation, documents, publications, archives, paper, specifications, permanence, durability. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:1
15、4:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 BSI 12-19981 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for archival paper. It is applicable to unpri
16、nted papers intended for documents and publications required for permanent retention and frequent use. For these documents and publications, paper of high permanence and high durability is required. NOTE 1Archival paper is primarily required for documents and publications intended to be kept permane
17、ntly because of their high historical, legal or other significant value. Archival paper is for special purposes, not for common use. The use of the term “archival paper” does not imply that all papers kept in archives are “archival papers”. NOTE 2The relationship between this International Standard
18、and ISO 9706 is described in annex A. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, a
19、nd parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 186:1994, Paper and board Sampl
20、ing to determine average quality. ISO 187:1990, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples. ISO 302:1981, Pulps Determination of Kappa number. ISO 536:1995, Paper and board Determination of grammage.
21、 ISO 1974:1990, Paper Determination of testing resistance (Elmendorf method). ISO 4046:1978, Paper, board, pulp and related terms Vocabulary. ISO 5626:1993, Paper Determination of folding endurance. ISO 6588:1981, Paper, board and pulps Determination of pH of aqueous extracts. ISO 9706:1994, Informa
22、tion and documentation Paper for documents Requirements for permanence. ISO 10716:1994, Paper and board Determination of alkali reserve. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 archival paper paper of high permanence and high durability 3.2
23、 permanence the ability to remain chemically and physically stable over long periods of time ISO 9706 3.3 durability the ability to resist the effects of wear and tear when in use 3.4 alkali reserve (of a paper) a compound (such as calcium carbonate) that neutralizes acid that might be generated as
24、a result of natural ageing or from atmospheric pollution, determined as specified in ISO 10716 ISO 9706 4 Required characteristics 4.1 General A sample of the lot under inspection shall be obtained as described in ISO 186. By visual inspection, the paper shall be free from obvious defects, such as c
25、reases, large specks, holes and wrinkles. 4.2 Fibre composition The paper shall be made principally from fibres of cotton, cotton linters, hemp, flax, or mixtures thereof. If a minor fraction of fully bleached chemical pulp is used to reach desirable performance, the amount shall be specified. NOTEA
26、 desirable performance does not only refer to the intrinsic properties of paper, but also includes, for instance, printing performance in various printing devices. For this reason, a maximum limit for a fully bleached chemical pulp fraction is not specified. 4.3 Grammage The grammage, determined as
27、described in ISO 536, shall be at least 70 g/m2. NOTENo upper limit is given, but the ISO definition of paper excludes materials of grammage exceeding 225 g/m2. 4.4 Tearing resistance The tearing resistance in any direction (machine or cross) shall be at least 350 mN. The samples shall be conditione
28、d at 23 C and 50 % relative humidity as described in ISO 187. The tear test shall be performed as described in ISO 1974. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 2 BSI 12-1998 4.5 Folding endurance The paper shall ha
29、ve a folding endurance in any direction (machine or cross) of at least 2,42 when determined with the Schopper instrument or at least 2,18 when determined with the Lhomargy, the Khler-Molin or the MIT instrument. The samples shall be conditioned at 23 C and 50 % relative humidity as described in ISO
30、187. The determination and calculation of the folding endurance shall be performed as described in ISO 5626. When determining the folding endurance, make sure that the folding zone in no case accommodates parts of a watermark (as defined in ISO 4046). NOTEA folding endurance of 2,42 corresponds to a
31、 fold number of about 260. A folding endurance of 2,18 corresponds to a fold number of 150. It should be observed that the folding endurance is the mean of the logarithms (to the base 10) of each of the individual readings. 4.6 pH value of aqueous extract The pH value of an aqueous extract, prepared
32、 with cold water and determined as specified in ISO 6588, shall be in the range from 7,5 to 10,0. NOTEThis test gives the average pH of the paper. However, no single layer should have a pH value below 7,5. To ensure this, the manufacturers warrant of the use of an alkaline process may be accepted as
33、 indication that the paper meets this requirement. 4.7 Alkali reserve The paper shall have an amount of alkali reserve corresponding to at least 0,4 mol of acid per kilogram, determined as specified in ISO 10716. NOTE 1When calcium carbonate is used to create the alkali reserve, the requirement is m
34、et if the paper contains about 20 g of CaCO3 per kilogram of paper. NOTE 2In the event that archival paper is produced as coated paper, it should be recognized that this requirement gives the average alkali reserve of the paper. However, no single layer should have an alkali reserve below that corre
35、sponding to 0,4 mol of acid per kilogram of paper. 4.8 Resistance to oxidation The paper shall have a Kappa number of less than 5,0 when measured as specified in ISO 302 with the modification given in annex A of ISO 9706:1994. 5 Report The testing laboratory shall include in its report the following
36、: a) precise identification of the paper lot tested; b) date and place of testing; c) the visual observations made when inspecting the sample, according to 4.1; d) the grammage of the paper, determined as specified in ISO 536; e) the test results obtained when testing as specified in 4.4 to 4.8, exp
37、ressed as stated in the relevant International Standard; f) any other observations made that may be of importance for the permanence or durability of the paper; g) a statement that the paper meets or fails to meet the requirements of this International Standard. In the latter case, the specific reas
38、ons shall be stated. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 11108:1996 BSI 12-19983 Annex A (informative) Relationship between archival paper and permanent paper as defined in ISO 9706 Any paper that is made according to this
39、 International Standard will also meet the requirements of ISO 9706. It may therefore be marked or imprinted with the compliance symbol, in annex B of ISO 9706 if the producer should so wish. The compliance may also be advertised, for example, in paper trade catalogues. This is, however, not specifi
40、cally recommended, since it is compliance with this International Standard that must be most important to make known. Furthermore, the paper will often be used for documents on which an imprinted symbol of compliance would be inappropriate. A special symbol of compliance for this International Stand
41、ard is not included, since it might lead to confusion. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 25 13:14:47 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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