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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 7029:2000 The E
2、uropean Standard EN ISO 7029:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.140 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Acoustics Statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+0
3、0:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2000 BSI 08-2000 ISBN 0 580 36054 7 BS EN ISO 7029:200
4、0 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 7029:2000. It is identical with ISO 7029:2000. It supersedes BS 6951:1988 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by
5、 Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommiittee EH/1/1, Hearing, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;
6、 monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which
7、 lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence I
8、ndex, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself co
9、nfer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when
10、the document was last issued. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 7029 May 2000 ICS 13.140Supersedes EN 27029:1991 English version Acoustics - Statistical distribution of h
11、earing thresholds as a function of age (ISO 7029:2000) Acoustique - Distribution statistique des seuils daudition en fonction de lge (ISO 7029:2000) Akustik - Statistische Verteilung von Hrschwellen als eine Funktion des Alters (ISO 7029:2000) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 April 2
12、000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained
13、 on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretar
14、iat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN
15、COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2000 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 7029:2000 E Licensed Copy:
16、 sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI gaPe 2 I NESO 07:920020 Foreword The text of the International Standard ISO 7029:2000 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 “Acoustics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 211 “Acou
17、stics“, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard supersedes EN 27029:1991. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2000, and conflicting national standards s
18、hall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ir
19、eland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO 7029:2000 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffie
20、ldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 7029:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7029 Second edition 2000-05-01 Acoustics Statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age Acoustique Distribution statistique des seuils daudition
21、en fonction de lge EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii? EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?iii Foreword ISO (the Intern
22、ational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has b
23、een established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical sta
24、ndardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at l
25、east 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 7029 was prep
26、ared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43,Acoustics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7029:1984). This edition presents the same data as the first edition so does not differ technically from that. At present data are not available to extend the tables beyond the age of 70.
27、 Annexes A to C of this International Standard are for information only. EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv? Introduction It is well known that the sensitivity of human hearing usually falls progressively wit
28、h age and that the impairment of hearing develops more rapidly for sound at high frequencies than at low frequencies. Moreover, the magnitude of this effect varies considerably among individuals. When testing the hearing of persons markedly over 18 years of age, part of any observed hearing loss wil
29、l probably be associated with age, and it is important to be aware of this when estimating the amount of hearing loss attributable to other causes under investigation. It should be noted that a decrease in hearing ability may not necessarily be caused by ageing itself, but by many injurious influenc
30、es during life time, which are not known in detail. This International Standard is based on a thorough examination of literature data on the change of hearing with age for populations of otologically normal persons as defined herein. Distinction is made between males and females since the difference
31、 is found to be of significance in the case of older age groups. The data have been derived from investigations using pure tones transmitted to the ear from an earphone, but no evidence is known that disqualifies their use for noise band stimuli or for sound transmitted to the ear from an external s
32、ound field. EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?1 Acoustics Statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age 1?Scope This International Standard provides descriptive statistics of the hearing
33、threshold for populations of various ages. It specifies the following, for the range of audiometric frequencies from 125 Hz to 8 000 Hz and for populations of otologically normal persons of a given age within the age limits of 18 years to 70 years inclusive: a)?the expected median value of hearing t
34、hresholds given relative to the median hearing threshold at the age of 18 years; b)?the expected statistical distribution above and below the median value. The data are applicable for estimating the amount of hearing loss caused by a specific agent in a population. Such a comparison is valid if the
35、population under study consists of persons who are otologically normal except for the effect of the specific agent. Noise exposure is an example of a specific agent and for this application selected data from this International Standard are referred to as “Data Base A” in ISO 1999. The data may also
36、 be used to assess an individuals hearing in relation to the distribution of hearing thresholds which is normal for the persons age group. However, it is not possible to determine for an individual precisely which part of an observed hearing loss is attributable to an accumulation of detrimental eff
37、ects on the hearing which increase with age, and which part has been caused by other factors such as noise. Thehearing threshold deviationas defined herein and thehearing threshold levelas defined in other standards (ISO 389-1, ISO 8253-1, ISO 8253-2, IEC 60645-1) express the hearing threshold of an
38、 individual or an individual ear relative to, respectively, a)?the median hearing threshold of a population of 18-year-old persons, or b)?a reference zero level specified in various parts of ISO 389. To the extent that the reference zero level represents the median of the 18-year-old population, the
39、 values of the two terms will be the same. 2?Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 otologically normal person person in a normal state of health who is free from all signs or symptoms of ear disease and from obstructing
40、wax in the ear canals, and who has no history of undue exposure to noise NOTE?This definition is the one that was used to select subjects for the data presented in this International Standard. A stricter definition of an otologically normal person is presently used in hearing threshold standards (al
41、so excluding persons with a history of exposure to potentially oxotoxic drugs and familial hearing loss). EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2? 2.2 hearing threshold deviation ?H threshold of hearing of an indiv
42、idual minus the median threshold of hearing of a population of 18-year-old otologically normal persons of the same sex 3?Specifications 3.1? General The statistical distribution of hearing threshold deviations for otologically normal persons of a specific age Y and a specific sex is given in terms o
43、f the median value (see 3.2) and the distribution around the median (see 3.3). 3.2? Median The median value ?Hmd,Yshall be given by the following equation: ?Hmd,Y= ? (Y 18 years)2(1) Values of the coefficient ? for males and females are given in Table 1. The range of Y for which equation (1) is vali
44、d is from 18 years to 70 years inclusive. Table 1 Values of the coefficient ? Values of ? dB/year2 Frequency Hz Males?Females 125?0,0030?0,0030 250?0,0030?0,0030 500?0,0035?0,0035 1 000?0,0040?0,0040 1 500?0,0055?0,0050 2 000?0,0070?0,0060 3 000?0,0115?0,0075 4 000?0,0160?0,0090 6 000?0,0180?0,0120
45、8 000?0,0220?0,0150 3.3? Distribution around the median The distribution around the median shall be approximated by the upper and lower halves, respectively, of two Gaussian distributions, each with their standard deviation suand sl, given by the following equations: su= bu? 0,445 ?Hmd,Y(2) sI= bI?
46、0,356 ?Hmd,Y(3) where buand blhave the values given in Table 2. EN ISO 7029:2000 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 18 02:04:22 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ?3 Table 2 Values of parameters buand bl Value of bu dB Value of bl dB Frequency Hz Males?Females?Males?Females
47、125?7,23?6,67?5,78?5,34 250?6,67?6,12?5,34?4,89 500?6,12?6,12?4,89?4,89 1 000?6,12?6,12?4,89?4,89 1 500?6,67?6,67?5,34?5,34 2 000?7,23?6,67?5,78?5,34 3 000?7,78?7,23?6,23?5,78 4 000?8,34?7,78?6,67?6,23 6 000?9,45?8,90?7,56?7,12 8 000?10,56?10,56?8,45?8,45 3.4? Application of data The hearing thresho
48、ld deviation (?HQ,Y) which can be expected to be exceeded by a given fraction (Q) of an otologically normal population of given age (Y) and given sex, is given by equation (4) or (5): ?HQ,Y? ?Hmd,Y? k su(4) ?HQ,Y? ?Hmd,Y? k sl(5) Equation (4) applies when 0,05 u Q u 0,50, whereas equation (5) applie
49、s when 0,50 ? Q u 0,95. Values of the multiplier k correspond to the Gaussian distribution. For information, these values are given in Table A.1. Due to uncertainties in the experimental data on which this International Standard is based, tails of the statistical distributions are only reliable within the range 0,05 u Q u 0,95. The constants given in equations (2) and (3) and the data given in Tables 1 and 2 are the outcome of comprehensive statistical analyses. The accuracy provided is for calculation only, and the final results should be rounded to
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