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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10319:1996 ISO 10319: 1993 Geotextiles Wide-width tensile test The European Standard EN ISO 10319:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.70 UDC 677.016.47:677.027.265.1 BS EN ISO 10319:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of th
2、e Materials and Chemicals Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1996 BSI 11-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCI/35 Draft announced in BSI News July 1995 ISBN 0 580 26171 9 C
3、ommittees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/35, Geotextiles, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Engineers British Geotechnical Society British Polyolefin Textiles Associatio
4、n British Textile Technology Group Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of Transport (Transport Research Laboratory) Department of Transport (Highways Agency) ERA Technology Ltd. Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Institu
5、te of Asphalt Technology Institute of Wastes Management Institution of Chemical Engineers Institution of Civil Engineers National Rivers Authority Society of Engineers Incorporated Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS EN ISO 10319:1996 BSI 11-1998i Contents Page Committees res
6、ponsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 1 Scope3 2 Normative references3 3 Definitions3 4 Principle3 5 Apparatus and reagents4 6 Test specimens4 7 Conditioning atmosphere5 8 Test procedure5 9 Calculations6 10 Test report6 Figure 1 Typical load-strain curve7 Figure 2 Examples of jaw
7、faces for tensile testing of geotextiles9 Figure 3 Typical geogrid10 List of referencesInside back cover BS EN ISO 10319:1996 ii BSI 11-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical committee TCI/35 and is the English language version of EN ISO 10319:1996 Geotextiles Wi
8、de-width tensile test published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is identical with ISO 10319:1993, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This British Standard supersedes BS 6906-1:1987 which is withdrawn. A British Standard does not purport to
9、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard ISO 3301:
10、1975BS 2846 Guide to statistical interpretation of data Part 6:1976 Comparison of two means in the case of paired observations ISO 3696:1987BS EN ISO 3696:1995 Water for analytical laboratory use. Specification and test methods ISO 9862:1990BS EN 963:1995 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products.
11、 Sampling and preparation of test specimens Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments inco
12、rporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10319 May 1996 ICS 59.080.70 Descriptors: Textiles, filter fabrics, tests, tension tests, determination, tensile properties, test specimens, wide strips English
13、 version Geotextiles Wide-width tensile test (ISO 10319:1993) Gotextiles Essai de traction des bandes larges (ISO 10319:1993) Geotextilien Zugversuch am breiten Streifen (ISO 10319:1993) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-12-14.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Int
14、ernal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN memb
15、er. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members
16、 are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches
17、Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 10319:1996 E EN ISO 10319:1996 BSI 11-1998 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, of the International Organizat
18、ion for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an ident
19、ical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European S
20、tandard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN ISO 10319:1996 BSI 11-19983 1 Scope This International Standard describes an index test method for determina
21、tion of the tensile properties of geotextiles and related products, using a wide-width strip. The method is applicable to most geotextiles, including woven fabrics, nonwovens, geocomposites, knitted fabrics and felts. The method is also applicable to geogrids, but specimen dimensions may need to be
22、altered. This tensile test method covers the measurement of load elongation characteristics and includes procedures for the calculation of secant stiffness, maximum load per unit width and strain at maximum load. Singular points on the load-extension curve are also indicated. Procedures for measurin
23、g the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet specimens are included. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. A
24、ll standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standar
25、ds. ISO 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications. ISO 3301:1975, Statistical interpretation of data Comparison of two means in the case of paired observations. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. ISO 7500-1:1986, Met
26、allic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tensile testing machines. ISO 9862:1990, Geotextiles Sampling and preparation of test specimens. 3 Definitions 3.1 nominal gauge length 1) for measurement with an extensometer, the initial distance, normally 60 mm (30 mm on eit
27、her side of the specimens symmetrical centre), between two reference points located on the specimen parallel to the applied load 2) for measurement by jaw displacement, the initial jaw separation distance, normally 100 mm 3.2 extension at preload measured increase in gauge length, expressed in milli
28、metres, corresponding to an applied load of 1 % of the maximum load (SA in Figure 1) 3.3 true gauge length nominal gauge length plus the extension at preload 3.4 maximum load maximum tensile force, expressed in kilonewtons, obtained during a test (see point D in Figure 1) 3.5 strain increase in true
29、 gauge length of a specimen during a test, expressed as a percentage of the true gauge length 3.6 strain at maximum load strain, expressed in percentage, exhibited by the specimen under maximum load 3.7 secant stiffness ratio of load per unit width, in kilonewtons per metre, to a given value of stra
30、in. For example, at point B in Figure 1, secant stiffness = BC/CA 3.8 tensile strength maximum strength per unit width, in kilonewtons per metre, observed during a test in which the specimen is stretched until it breaks 3.9 strain rate percentage increase in true gauge length at maximum load, divide
31、d by the duration of the test, i.e. the time to attainment of maximum load from preload level 4 Principle A test specimen is held across its entire width in the jaws of a tensile testing machine operated at a given rate of strain, and a longitudinal force applied to the test specimen until the speci
32、men ruptures. The tensile properties of the test specimen are calculated from machine scales, dials, autographic recording charts, or an interfaced computer. The rate of strain is fixed at (20 5) % per minute for all geotextiles and related products. EN ISO 10319:1996 4 BSI 11-1998 Most geotextiles
33、can be tested by this method. However, some modification of techniques may be necessary for particular geotextiles, e.g. strong geotextiles, meshes or geotextiles made from glass fibre, to prevent them from slipping in the jaws or being damaged as a result of being gripped in the jaws. The basic dis
34、tinction between the present method and other methods for measuring tensile properties of fabrics is the width of the specimen. In the present method, the width is greater than the length of the specimen, as some geotextiles have a tendency to contract (“neck down”) under load in the gauge length ar
35、ea. The greater width reduces the contraction effect of such fabrics and provides a relationship closer to expected fabric behaviour in the field, as well as a standard for comparison of geotextiles. The basic test, for all kinds of geotextiles and geogrids, uses test specimens of 200 mm width and o
36、f 100 mm length (see 6.3.3 for details on preparation of geogrid specimens). When information on strain is required, extension measurements are made by means of an extensometer which follows the movement of two reference points on the specimen. These reference points are situated on the specimen sym
37、metry axis, which is parallel to the applied load, and are separated by a distance of 60 mm (30 mm on each side of the specimen symmetry centre). This distance can be adapted for geogrids in order to include at least one row of nodes (see 6.3.3). Measurement of the extension of the test specimen is
38、carried out by means of an extensometer. Alternatively, extension may be measured by jaw displacement if a calibration trial shows no significant difference between jaw displacement and extensometer results. The significance of the difference is determined by a Student t-distribution at significance
39、 level of 95 %, as defined in ISO 3301. In such a case, the nominal gauge length is the distance between the jaws and is fixed at 100 mm. 5 Apparatus and reagents 5.1 Tensile testing machine (constant rate of extension), complying with ISO 7500-1, in which the rate of increase of specimen length is
40、uniform with time, fitted with jaws which are sufficiently wide to hold the entire width of the specimen and equipped with appropriate means to limit slippage or damage. NOTE 1Compressive jaws should be used for most materials, but for materials where the use of these grips gives rise to excessive j
41、aw breaks or slippages, capstan grips may be used. It is essential to choose jaw faces that limit slippage of the specimen, especially in stronger geotextiles. Examples of jaw faces that have been found satisfactory are shown in Figure 2. 5.2 Extensometer, capable of measuring the distance between t
42、wo reference points on the specimen without any damage to the specimen or slippage, care being taken to ensure that the measurement represents the true movement of the reference points. Examples of extensometers include mechanical, optical, infrared or electrical devices. The accuracy of the extenso
43、meter shall comply with ISO 7500-1. If any irregularity of the stress-strain curve due to the extensometer is observed, this result shall be discarded and another specimen shall be tested. 5.3 Distilled water, for wet specimens only; see ISO 3696. 5.4 Nonionic wetting agent, for wet specimens only.
44、6 Test specimens 6.1 Number Cut a minimum of five test specimens in both the machine direction and the cross direction. 6.2 Selection Select test specimens in accordance with ISO 9862. 6.3 Dimensions 6.3.1 Prepare each finished test specimen to a nominal 200 mm 1 mm width (excluding fringes when app
45、licable, see 6.3.2), and of sufficient length to ensure 100 mm between the jaws, with the length dimension being designated and parallel to the direction in which the tensile force is applied. Where appropriate and for monitoring any slippage, draw two lines running the full width of the test specim
46、en jaw faces, perpendicular to the length dimension and separated by 100 mm except for capstan grips see Figure 2c). 6.3.2 For woven geotextiles, cut each specimen approximately 220 mm wide and then make fringes by removing an equal number of threads from each side to obtain the 200 mm 1 mm nominal
47、specimen width. This helps to maintain the specimen integrity during the test. NOTE 2When specimen integrity is not affected, the specimens may be initially cut to the finished width. 6.3.3 For geogrids, prepare each specimen at least 200 mm wide and sufficiently long to ensure a length of at least
48、100 mm. The test specimen shall contain at least one row of nodes or cross-members, excluding the nodes or cross-members held in the jaws (see Figure 3), and, for products of pitch less than 75 mm, at least five complete tensile elements in the width direction. Products of transverse pitch 75 mm sha
49、ll contain at least two complete tensile elements in the width direction. EN ISO 10319:1996 BSI 11-19985 If the test is to be used as a reference test for the seam/joint strength test (see ISO 103211), the specimen width shall be a minimum of 200 mm and contain at least five complete tensile elements. The reference points for the extensometer shall be marked on a central row of tensile elements that will be subjected to test and shall be at least 60 mm apart. The reference points shall be marked at the centre point of a rib and s
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