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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 9096:2003 Incorporating corrigendum no. 1 Stationary source emissions Manual determination of mass concentration of particulate matter ICS 13.040.40 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled C
2、opy, (c) BSI BS ISO 9096:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 February 2003 BSI 2007 ISBN 0 580 41276 8 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO 9096:2003, incorporati
3、ng corrigendum December 2006. It supersedes BS 6069-4.3:1992 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions. A list of organizations represented on EH/2/1 can be obtained on reque
4、st to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments
5、 16918 Corrigendum No. 1 28 February 2007Correction to Table 3 in Clause 8 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 9096:2003(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9096 Second edition 2003-0
6、2-01 Stationary source emissions Manual determination of mass concentration of particulate matter missions de sources fixes Dtermination manuelle de la concentration en masse de poussires BS ISO 9096:2003 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14
7、GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative ref
8、erences . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 4 4.1 General. 4 4.2 Interferences 5 5 Sampling plane and sampling points . 5 5.1 General. 5 5.2 Sampling plane 6 5.3 Requirements for sampling points 6 5.4 Minimum number and location of sampling points. 6 5.5 Access ports 7 5.6 Sampling time 7 6
9、Apparatus and materials 8 6.1 Gas velocity, temperature, pressure, and gas composition measurement devices 8 6.2 Sampling equipment. 8 6.3 Equipment for particulate matter recovery 14 6.4 Equipment for conditioning and weighing. 14 7 Sampling and weighing procedures. 15 7.1 General aspects 15 7.2 We
10、ighing procedure . 16 7.3 Sampling 18 7.4 Validation of results 21 8 Additional aspects 22 8.1 Thermal behaviour of particulate matter 22 8.2 Particulate deposits upstream of the filter. 24 8.3 Improvement of the weighing procedure . 24 9 Calculations. 24 9.1 Isokinetic flowrate. 24 9.2 Dust concent
11、ration . 25 10 Performance characteristics 26 10.1 General aspects 26 10.2 Experimental data for sampling 27 11 Test report . 27 Annex A (normative) Proven design of the entry nozzle 29 Annex B (normative) Determination of positions of sampling points in circular and retangular ducts. 30 Annex C (in
12、formative) Examples of weighing bias . 34 Annex D (informative) Isokinetic sampling conditions. 36 Annex E (informative) Summary validation information 38 Annex F (informative) Examples of suitable access ports for sampling equipment. 41 BS ISO 9096:2003 iii Licensed Copy: London South Bank Universi
13、ty, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) vi I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
14、 preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental
15、, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main
16、task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Atten
17、tion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 9096 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1, Stationary source
18、 emissions. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9096:1992), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 9096:2003 iv Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) I
19、 SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr v Introduction Close liaison and cooperation between ISO/TC 146/SC 1 and CEN/TC 264 has resulted in the preparation of this International Standard (ISO 9096), ISO 12141 and European Standard EN 13824-1. This International Standard is similar to EN 13284-1 with additional
20、 emphasis given on the use of high-volume sampling techniques. A representative, integrated sample is extracted from the flue gas and particulate matter entrained in the gas sample is separated by a filter. The pre-weighed filter is subsequently dried and weighed. A relative increase in the mass is
21、attributed to the collection of particulate matter on the filter. To meet the specifications of this International Standard, the particulate sample must be weighed to a specified level of accuracy. This level of accuracy is achieved by: a) exercising extreme care in weighing, in accordance with the
22、procedures of this International Standard; b) extending the sampling time at conventional sampling rates; c) sampling at higher rates for conventional sampling times (high-volume sampling); d) recovering all dust upstream of the filter. BS ISO 9096:2003 v Licensed Copy: London South Bank University,
23、 London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:6909 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts s
24、eredevr 1 Stationary source emissions Manual determination of mass concentration of particulate matter 1 Scope This International Standard describes a reference method for the measurement of particulate matter (dust) concentration in waste gases of concentrations from 20 mg/m3 to 1000 mg/m3 under st
25、andard conditions. This International Standard is applicable to the calibration of automated monitoring systems (AMS). If the emission gas contains unstable, reactive or semi-volatile substances, the measurement will depend on the filtration temperature. In-stack methods may be more applicable than
26、out-stack methods for the calibration of automated monitoring systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
27、document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5725 (all parts), Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results ISO 10780, Stationary source emissions Measurement of velocity and volume flowrate of gas streams in ducts ISO 12141, Stationary source emissions Determination of m
28、ass concentration of particulate matter (dust) at low concentrations Manual gravimetric method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 particulate matter dust particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase u
29、nder the sampling conditions NOTE 1 In the method described, all the compounds that may be collected by filtration under specified conditions after representative sampling of the gas to be analysed, and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions, ar
30、e considered to be dust (or particulate matter). However, for the purposes of some national standards, the definition of particulate matter may extend to condensibles or reaction products collected under specified conditions (e.g. temperatures lower than the flue gas temperature). NOTE 2 This method
31、 restricts the definition of particulate matter to that material collected in the sampling system on and before a filter, under specified temperature conditions. Procedures for the measurement of secondary particulate matter (condensible materials) formed and collected after the filter are not withi
32、n the scope of this International Standard. BS ISO 9096:2003 1 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) 2 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 3.2 filtration temperature temperature of the samp
33、led gas immediately downstream of the filter 3.3 in-stack filtration filtration in the duct with the filter in its filter holder placed immediately downstream of the sampling nozzle 3.4 out-stack filtration filtration outside of the duct with the filter in its heated filter holder placed downstream
34、of the sampling nozzle and the suction tube (sampling probe) 3.5 isokinetic sampling sampling at a flowrate such that the velocity and direction of the gas entering the sampling nozzle (vn) are the same as that of the gas in the duct at the sampling points vs See Figure 1. NOTE The velocity ratio vn
35、/vs expressed as a percentage characterizes the deviation from isokinetic sampling. Key vs stack gas velocity vn velocity in the nozzle Figure 1 Isokinetic sampling BS ISO 9096:2003 2 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncon
36、trolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 3 3.6 hydraulic diameter dh characteristic dimension of a duct cross-section s h s 4A d l = (1) where As is the cross-sectional area of the sampling plane; ls is the length of the perimeter of the sampling plane 3.7 sampling plane
37、plane normal to the centreline of the duct at the sampling position See Figure 2. Key 1 sampling lines 2 sampling plane 3 access port 4 flow 5 top of duct Figure 2 Illustration of definitions in relation to a circular duct BS ISO 9096:2003 3 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South
38、Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) 4 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 3.8 sampling line line in the sampling plane along which sampling points are located, bounded by the inner duct wall See Figure 2. 3.9 sampling point the specific position
39、 on a sampling line at which a sample is extracted 3.10 standard conditions gas pressure and temperature constants and conditions to which volumetric calculations are referred NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, standard conditions are 101,325 kPa rounded to 101,3 kPa; 273,15 K rou
40、nded to 273 K; dry gas. 3.11 overall blank test sample taken at the plant site in an identical manner to the normal samples in the series, except that no gas is sampled during the test duration NOTE The measured mass variation provides an estimation of the uncertainties. The overall blank value, div
41、ided by the average sampling volume of the measurement series, provides an estimation of the detection limit (milligrams per cubic metre) of the whole measurement process, as carried out by the operator. The overall blank includes possible deposits on the filter and on all parts upstream. 3.12 weigh
42、ing control procedures quality control procedures utilised for detecting/correcting apparent mass variations due to climatic or environmental changes between pre- and post-sampling weighing series NOTE In these procedures, control parts are used (see 7.2) which are identical to those to be weighed f
43、or dust measurement and are pre-treated under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. The control parts are kept free from dust contamination. 3.13 measurement series successive measurements carried out in the same sampling plane, and under the same process conditions 3.14 limit value dust
44、concentration that is permitted by authorities for the plant process (i.e. average limit value) NOTE For purposes other than regulatory uses, the measurement value is compared to a stated reference value. 4 Principle 4.1 General A sample stream of the gas is extracted from the main gas stream at spe
45、cified sampling points for a measured period of time, with an isokinetic controlled flowrate. The volume of gas collected is measured, and a pre- weighed filter, which is then dried and reweighed, separates the particulate matter (dust) entrained in the gas sample. Deposits upstream of the filter in
46、 the sampling equipment are also recovered and weighed. The increase in mass of the filter and the mass deposited upstream of the filter is attributed to particulate matter collected from the sampled gas. The ratio of the mass of the particulate matter collected to the volume of gas collected allows
47、 the flue gas particulate concentration to be calculated. BS ISO 9096:2003 4 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Thu Mar 01 06:42:14 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI IS:6909 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 5 Valid measurements can be achieved o
48、nly when: a) an adequate quantity of dust is collected during the sampling, which is at least 5 times the corresponding overall blank value; b) the gas stream in the duct at the sampling location has a sufficiently steady and identified velocity, temperature and pressure, and a sufficiently homogene
49、ous composition; c) the flow of gas is parallel to the axis of the nozzle; d) sampling is carried out without disturbance of the gas stream, using a sharp-edged nozzle facing into the stream; e) isokinetic sampling conditions are maintained throughout the test; f) samples are taken at a preselected number of stated positions in the sampling plane to permit obtaining a representative sample for a non-uniform distribution of particulate matter in the duct or stack; g) the sampl
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