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1、BRITISH STANDARD MARINE SERIES CONFIRMED JULY 1999 BS MA 94:1981 Specification for Thermal insulation for marine piping systems UDC 629.12.011.556.2:621.643:662.998 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
2、SI BS MA 94:1981 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Shipbuilding and Marine Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board and comes into effect on 31 December 1981 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this
3、standard: Committee reference SME/1 Draft for comment 79/80010 DC ISBN 0 580 12356 1 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Shipbuilding and Marine Standards Committee and is based on a proposal of the British Ship Research Association. Thermal insulation is an i
4、mportant prerequisite for the control of heat transfer, prevention of fire hazards and to ensure that ambient temperatures are maintained in machinery and similar compartments conducive to the comfort of operating personnel. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
5、 of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 13 and a b
6、ack cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London Sout
7、h Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 94:1981 BSI 02-2000i Contents Page ForewordInside front cover 1Scope1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Design temperatures and applicability of insulation2 5Insulating materials2 6Minimum thickness of insulation3 7Pro
8、tective finish coatings9 8Application9 9Identification of pipelines11 10Inspection11 Figure 1 Typical multilayer insulation showing staggered joints11 Figure 2 Typical methods of insulating pipe flanges12 Figure 3 Termination of insulation on exhaust gas piping above engine13 Figure 4 Typical method
9、s of insulating tracer pipes13 Table 1 Design temperature classification2 Table 2 Material specification4 Table 3 Minimum thickness of insulation for low temperature range piping systems5 Table 4 Minimum thickness of insulation for medium and high temperature range piping systems having fabric cover
10、ed surfaces6 Table 5 Minimum thickness of insulation for medium and high temperature range piping systems having metallic sheathed surfaces7 Table 6 Minimum thickness of insulation for diesel exhaust gas piping systems having fabric covered surfaces8 Table 7 Minimum thickness of insulation for diese
11、l exhaust gas piping systems having metallic sheathed surfaces8 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii blank Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:
12、20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 94:1981 BSI 02-20001 NOTEUsers of this British Standard Marine Series should note that while observing the requirements of this standard, they should at the same time ensure compliance with such statutory requirements, rules and regulations as m
13、ay be applicable to the individual ship concerned. 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for the thermal insulation of marine piping systems operating in the temperature range 40 C to + 565 C1) including diesel exhaust gas piping systems. Excluded from this standard are: a) boiler saf
14、ety valve exhaust pipes and other hot pipes in ships funnels excepting where such pipes are hazardous to personnel; b) direct insulation on boilers, main and auxiliary machinery. Typical methods of applying insulation are shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4. 2 References This standard makes reference to t
15、he following standards publications. BS MA 51, Summary and application of pipework flanges for marine use Part 1: Carbon steel flanges Part 2: Cast iron flanges Part 3: Copper alloy flanges Part 4: Alloy steel flanges Part 5: Bolting. BS 476, Fire tests on building materials and structures Part 4: N
16、on-combustibility test for materials Part 5: Method of test for ignitability Part 7: Surface spread of flame tests for materials. BS 1449, Steel plate, sheet and strip Part 1: Carbon steel plate, sheet and strip. BS 1710, Identification of pipelines. BS 2989, Hot-dip zinc coated steel sheet and coil
17、. BS 3927, Phenolic foam materials for thermal insulations and building applications. BS 3958, Thermal insulating materials Part 1: 85 per cent magnesia preformed insulation Part 2: Calcium silicate preformed insulation Part 3: Metal mesh faced mineral wool mats and mattresses Part 4: Bonded preform
18、ed mineral wool pipe sections Part 5: Bonded mineral wool slabs (for use at temperatures above 50 C) Part 6: Finishing materials; hard setting composition, self-setting cement and gypsum plaster. BS 3974, Pipe supports Part 1: Pipe hangers, slider and roller type supports Part 3: Large bore, high te
19、mperature, marine and other applications. BS 4391, Recommendations for metric basic sizes for metal wire. BS 5608, Specification for preformed rigid urethane and isocyanurate foams for thermal insulation of pipework and equipment. BS 5970, Code of practice for thermal insulation of pipework and equi
20、pment (in the temperature range of 100 C to + 870 C). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 3.1 bulk density the mass per unit volume of dry insulating material (kg/m3) 3.2 thermal conductivity the thermal transmission through unit area of a slab of
21、 a uniform material of unit thickness when unit difference of temperature is established between its faces W/(m K) 3.3 preformed insulating material material fabricated in such a manner that at least one surface conforms to the shape of the surface to be covered, and which when handled will maintain
22、 its shape without cracking, breaking, crumbling or permanent deformation 3.4 radiused and bevelled lags preformed rigid insulation for longitudinal application to cylinders larger than those for which pipe sections are available, and having one or more edges bevelled with faces curved to fit the su
23、rface 3.5 mattress a flexible construction comprising insulating material faced on both sides or totally enclosed with fabric, wire netting, expanded metal or similar covering 3.6 removable type flange cover sheet metal or fabric flange cover manufactured in halves and lined with insulating material
24、 3.7 loose-fill insulating material insulating material in the form of powder, granules, loose or pelleted fibres, which is used in the dry state as a filling in cavities, casings or jackets 1) Temperature range covered by BS MA 51-1 to BS MA 51-5. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London
25、 South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 94:1981 2 BSI 02-2000 3.8 plastic composition insulating material insulating material in loose dry form which is prepared for application as a paste or dough, and which when dry forms a continuous hard insul
26、ating layer 3.9 multilayer insulation insulation comprising two or more contiguous layers of insulating material 3.10 protective finish coating the final and outer layer of material used to protect the insulation from oil or grease and water vapour impregnation, mechanical damage or exposure to weat
27、her as may be appropriate 3.11 design temperature the temperature of the internal fluid (C) 4 Design temperatures and applicability of insulation 4.1 Temperature range classification. The design temperature classification and range, together with the typical piping systems corresponding to these cla
28、ssifications, are specified in Table 1. 4.2 Temperature limits of accessible surfaces. The temperature of insulated surfaces that might be touched accidentally shall be within the following ranges, at an ambient air temperature of 32 C: a) Fabric surfaces, 65 C to 10 C; b) Metal surfaces, 55 C to 0
29、C. Table 1 Design temperature classification 4.3 Applicability of insulation 4.3.1 Thermal efficiency purposes. Insulation for thermal efficiency purposes shall be applied on all pipes conveying fluids whose design temperatures fall within the ranges specified in Table 1. The thickness of insulation
30、 specified in Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7 ensures that the surface temperature of the insulated pipes will not exceed the limiting temperatures of 4.2, provided that the quality of material, workmanship and installation procedures comply with the requirements of this standard. 4.3
31、.2 Safety of personnel. Insulation for safety purposes need not be used for accessible or inaccessible metallic pipes conveying fluids, provided that the surface temperature of the piping is within the safety ranges given in 4.2. 4.3.3 Surface condensation. Insulation shall be applied locally to any
32、 metallic pipe conveying fluids, which due to its surface temperature in an ambient air temperature of 32 C creates condensation that could be detrimental to the operation of machinery, or causes discomfort to personnel. 5 Insulating materials 5.1 Suitability. The materials shall be selected from th
33、ose given in Table 2 for suitability to the design temperatures and purpose of the piping system. Where the piping system and components comprise austenitic steel materials, attention shall be given to the possibility of stress-corrosion attack (see BS 5970). 5.2 Form. The forms of insulation used s
34、hall be of the types defined in 3.3 to 3.10. 5.3 Exhaust systems. Insulating materials for diesel exhaust gas piping systems shall be capable of withstanding temperatures of up to 500 C without deterioration, and shall be able to withstand severe vibration without crumbling or cracking. 5.4 Fire haz
35、ard NOTE 1The performance of specimens in laboratory fire tests may bear little correlation to the behaviour of products made from the same material in an actual fire situation. A fire test is a procedure designed to measure or assess the response of a material, product, structure or system to one o
36、r more aspects of fire. It is emphasized that fire tests cannot normally measure fire hazard, nor can the results of fire tests alone guarantee safety. Such results merely provide information to assist the assessment and control of fire hazards and they form only one of a number of factors which nee
37、d to be taken into account. NOTE 2In addition, it is necessary for the fire performance of the finished construction to comply with the appropriate regulations. Design temperature classification Temperature range, C Typical corresponding piping system Insulation thickness, table number Min.Max. Low
38、4032Refrigeration (cargo and domestic) cold domestic water 3 Medium65260Steam, hot water, heated oil 4 and 5 High260565 Steam Exhaust gas 4 and 5 6 and 7 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Dec 09 02:20:54 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS MA 94
39、:1981 BSI 02-20003 For UK registered ships, attention is drawn to Department of Trade Regulations2) to establish the requirements governing the use of insulating materials designated non-combustible by these Regulations. In the Regulations, “non-combustible material” is defined as “a material which
40、when heated to a temperature of 750 C neither flames for longer than 10 seconds duration, nor raises either its internal temperature or the temperature of the test furnace more than 50 C above 750 C when tested in accordance with BS 476-4:1970, and the expression “combustible material” shall be cons
41、trued accordingly”. 5.4.1 Insulating materials for use at temperatures up to 230 C, excluding expanded flexible rubber, shall be graded “P” in the ignitability test specified in BS 476-5. 5.4.2 Insulating materials for use at temperatures above 230 C shall be graded non-combustible when tested to BS
42、 476-4. 5.4.3 Fixing and finishing materials, water vapour barriers and expanded flexible rubber shall have a class 1 surface spread of flame rating when tested in accordance with BS 476-7. 5.4.4 Baked cork polyisocyanurate foam, phenolic foam and expanded rubber foam shall not be used in accommodat
43、ion and machinery spaces because of fire hazard and toxicity of fumes. NOTELimited use may be considered in small machinery spaces where little real fire hazard exists, provided that the cork or foam is sandwiched and sealed within non-combustible material, preferably steel sheathing. 6 Minimum thic
44、kness of insulation 6.1 Thermal conductivity values. The thermal conductivity values of insulating materials given in BS 5970 shall be used as a basis for calculations (see 6.5). These values can vary, and individual manufacturers should be consulted. 6.2 Low temperature range 6.2.1 The minimum thic
45、kness of the thermal insulation, excluding the protective finish coating, shall be in accordance with Table 3. 6.2.2 Multilayer insulation shall be considered when the specified thickness of the insulation exceeds 65 mm and when the operating temperature is 18 C or below. 6.3 Medium and high tempera
46、ture ranges 6.3.1 The minimum thickness of the thermal insulation, excluding the protective finish coating, shall be in accordance with the following. a) Table 4: applicable to thermal insulation having fabric covered surfaces where the surface temperature is designed not to exceed 65 C in an ambien
47、t temperature of 32 C. b) Table 5: applicable to thermal insulation having metallic sheathed surfaces where the surface temperature is designed not to exceed 55 C in an ambient air temperature of 32 C. 6.3.2 Multilayer insulation shall be considered when the design temperature of the pipework system
48、 exceeds 260 C or when the specified thickness of the insulation exceeds 65 mm. 6.4 Diesel exhaust gas pipework 6.4.1 The minimum thickness of the thermal insulation, excluding the protective finish coating, applicable to that section of the exhaust system between main engines and silencers or heat
49、exchangers shall be in accordance with the following. a) Table 6: applicable to thermal insulation having fabric covered surfaces where the surface temperature is designed not to exceed 65 C in an ambient air temperature of 32 C. b) Table 7: applicable to thermal insulation having metallic sheathed surfaces where the surface temperature is designed not to exceed 55 C in an ambient air temperature of 32 C. 6.4.2 In accordance with individual ship requirements, the outlet pipes from the s
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