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1、 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1677-4:2000+A1 November 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 1677-4:2000 English Version Components for slings - Safety - Part 4: Links, Grade 8 Accessoires pour lingues - Scurit - Partie 4: Mailles, Classe 8 Einzelteile fr Anschlagmittel - Sicherhei
2、t - Teil 4: Einzelglieder, Gteklasse 8 This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 September 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Stand
3、ard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French
4、, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, C
5、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT E
6、UROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008: E EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Fo
7、reword3 Introduction.4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Hazards.6 Table 1 Hazards and associated requirements.7 5 Safety requirements 7 5.1 Design.7 5.2 Dimensions.7 Table 2 Internal length and width of parallel sided master links 7 5.3 Materials and heat treatment8 Tab
8、le 3 Sulfur and phosphorous content8 Table 4 Chemical composition - alloying elements8 5.4 Manufacturing methods and workmanship 9 5.5 Mechanical properties.10 Table 5 Working load limits.11 6 Verification of safety requirements11 6.1 Qualification of personnel 11 6.2 Type tests and examination12 Fi
9、gure 1 Test pieces.13 Figure 2 Bend test equipment.13 6.3 Manufacturing examination14 6.4 Manufacturing tests.14 6.5 Manufacturing test regime (forged links)15 Table 6 Number of links in a lot15 6.6 Manufacturing test regime (welded links).16 7 Marking.17 7.1 Links17 7.2 Load bearing pins17 8 Manufa
10、cturers certificate.17 9 Instructions for use .18 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC“.19 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42
11、/EC“.20 EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national
12、standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document supersedes EN 1677-4:2000. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-09-09. The sta
13、rt and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relatio
14、nship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ It is a Part of a products standard related to safety for components for slings. The other Parts of EN 1677 for components for slings are: Part 1: Forged steel components - Grade 8 Part 2: Forg
15、ed steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 8 Part 3: Forged steel self-locking hooks - Grade 8 Part 5: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 4 Part 6: Links - Grade 4 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound t
16、o implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz
17、erland and United Kingdom. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard providing one means of complying with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. The links covered by this Part
18、 of EN 1677 are normally supplied to be part of a sling, but they may also be used for other applications. In such instances it is important that the link design is checked to ensure its fitness for the intended use. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope. In addition, lif
19、ting equipment shall conform as appropriate to EN 292 for hazards that are not covered by this standard. 1 Scope This part of EN 1677 specifies requirements for forged or welded steel master links, intermediate master links, master link assemblies and lower terminal links of grade 8 up to 132 t WLL,
20、 mainly for use in: chain slings according to EN 818-4 steel wire rope slings textile slings according to EN 1492-1:2000, EN 1492-2:2000. intended for lifting objects, materials or goods. This Part of EN 1677 does not apply to hand forged links. The hazards covered by this Part of EN 1677 are identi
21、fied in clause 4. !Annexes ZA and ZB give the relationship with EU-Directives.“ 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publicatio
22、ns are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendme
23、nts). EN 292-1, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts - General principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts - General principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (Amendment 1: 1995) EN 818-4:199
24、6, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety - Part 4: Chain slings - grade 8 EN 818-6:2000, Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety - Part 6: Chain slings - Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer. EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery - Principl
25、es of risk assessment. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 5 EN 1492-1:2000, Textile slings Safety - Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings made of man-made fibres EN 1492-2:2000, Textile slings Safety - Part 2: Round slings made of man-made fibres EN ISO 9002:1994, Quality systems - Model for quality assurance i
26、n production, installation and servicing EN 10002-2:1991, Metallic materials - Tensile test - Part 2: Verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machine EN 10025:1990/A1:1993, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels Technical delivery conditions EN 10228-1:1999, Non
27、-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection EN 10228-2:1998, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing EN 45012, General criteria for certification bodies operating quality system certification ISO 643 Steels, Micrographic determination o
28、f the ferritic or austenitic grain size 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Part of EN 1677, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 working load limit (WLL) maximum mass that a link is authorized to sustain in general lifting service. NOTE This term has the same meaning as the t
29、erm maximum working load used in annex A of EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995. 3.2 manufacturing proof force (MPF) force applied to the link during the manufacturing proof test. 3.3 breaking force (BF) maximum force reached during the static tensile test of the link at the end of which the link fails to retain
30、the load. 3.4 sling assembly consisting of chain, wire rope or textile joined to upper and lower terminals suitable for attaching loads to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. 3.5 master link link forming the upper terminal of a sling by means of which the sling is attached to the hook of a
31、 crane or other lifting machine. 3.6 intermediate master link link used to connect one or two legs of a sling to a master link. 3.7 master link assembly assembly consisting of a master link together with two intermediate master links. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 6 3.8 lower terminal link, hook or oth
32、er device fitted at the end of a leg of a sling, remote from the master link or upper terminal. 3.9 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a link that enable its manufacturing history, including the identity of the cast of steel used, to be traced. 3.10 lot specified number of
33、links from which samples are selected for testing purposes and that have been manufactured from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process. 3.11 integral joining device means of connection that does not depend on welding and is integrated with the link. 3.12 total ultima
34、te elongation total extension at the point of fracture of the link expressed as a percentage of the internal length of the test sample. 3.13 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instruction to enable the require
35、d test and examination to be carried out. NOTE 4.18 of EN ISO 9002:1994 gives guidance on training. 4 Hazards Accidental release of a load or, release of a load due to failure of a link puts at risk, either directly or indirectly, the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone. In orde
36、r to provide the necessary strength and durability of links, this Part of EN 1677 gives requirements for the design, manufacture and testing to ensure that specified levels of performance are met. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of link, this Part of EN
37、 1677 also gives requirements for marking and the manufacturers certificate. Errors in fitting can also lead to failure and this Part of EN 1677 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Risk of injury due to sharp edges, sharp angles or rough surfaces when handling is also covered by
38、this standard. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in prEN 818-6:1999. Table 1 contains those hazards which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for links of grade 8. EN 1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 7 Table 1 Hazards a
39、nd associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A of EN 1050: 1996 Relevant clause of annex A of EN 292-2: 1991/A1: 1995 Relevant clause/subclause of this Part of EN 1677 1 Mechanical hazard due to 1.3.2 5 inadequacy of strength 4.1.2.3 5 4.1.2.5 5 4.2.4 5 1.7.3 7 1.7.4 9 1.3 Cutting hazard 1
40、.3.4 5.4 1.8 Friction or abrasion hazard 1.3.4 5.4 15 Error of fitting hazard 1.5.4 9 5.2 5 Safety requirements 5.1 Design Links shall be either: a) parallel-sided links produced by forging or welding; NOTE Forged links may be with or without integral joining devices. b) pear shaped links with integ
41、ral joining devices (i.e. links with unequal radii at either end) produced by forging. Parts of integral joining devices, such as pins and their securing elements, shall be so designed and manufactured that, after assembly, no unintended displacement can occur. NOTE The effects of wear, corrosion of
42、 securing elements or rough usage should be considered. 5.2 Dimensions The internal dimensions of links covered by this part of EN 1677 shall be such as to ensure articulation so that the force imposed is transmitted in the intended direction. The cross-section of links shall be so as to conform to
43、5.5. NOTE This requirement permits a varying shape and area of cross-section. The internal length and internal width of parallel sided master links shall be as in table 2. The internal length of pear shaped master links shall be WLL53 minimum (in mm) and the internal width at the widest point WLL27
44、minimum (in mm) where the WLL is given in tonnes. Table 2 Internal length and width of parallel sided master links WLL minimum internal length minimum internal width 25 t 58 WLL 31,5 WLL 25 t 45 WLL 25 WLL Saga Web pour THALES CORPORATE SERVICES SAS - EPM le 4/3/2009 02:43NF EN 1677-4+A1:2009-01 EN
45、1677-4:2000+A1:2008 (E) 8 5.3 Materials and heat treatment 5.3.1 Quality of material 5.3.1.1 General Within the limitations given in 5.3.1.2 to 5.3.1.4, the manufacturer shall select the type of steel to be used so that the finished links, when suitably heat-treated, conform to the mechanical proper
46、ties specified in this Part of EN 1677. 5.3.1.2 Type of steel The steel shall be produced by an electric process or by an oxygen blown process. 5.3.1.3 Deoxidation The steel shall be fully killed as defined in EN 10025:1990/A1:1993, stabilized against strain-age embrittlement, and have an austenitic
47、 grain size of 5 or finer when tested in accordance with ISO 643. This shall be accomplished by ensuring that the steel contains sufficient aluminium (minimum 0,025 %) to permit the manufacture of links stabilized against strain age embrittlement during service. 5.3.1.4 Chemical composition 5.3.1.4.
48、1 General The steel shall contain alloying elements in sufficient quantities so that the finished link, when heat treated in accordance with 5.3.2 not only conforms to the mechanical properties specified in this Part of EN 1677, but also possesses adequate low temperature ductility in order to work
49、satisfactorily in the temperature range -40 C to 400 C. The steel shall contain no more sulfur and phosphorus than the limits given in table 3. Table 3 Sulfur and phosphorous content Maximum mass content as determined by Element Cast analysis % Check analysis % Sulfur 0,025 0,030 Phosphorus 0,025 0,030 5.3.1.4.2 Forged links The steel shall contain at least two of the three alloying elements, in the minimum percentages shown in table 4. Table 4 Chemical composition - alloying elements Element Minimum mass c
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