EASA-Requirements-Flight-in-Icing-Conditions.pdf
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1、Flight Instrument External Probes EASA Requirements Flight in Icing Conditions Eric Duvivier, EASA Certification Specialist Flight in Icing Seville, September 24-27, 2007 Slide 2 European Aviation Safety Agency Content In Service Events Underlying Safety Issue Modes of bad acquisition 25.1309 approa
2、ch A/C Requirements Issues EASA Conditions Slide 3 European Aviation Safety Agency Which Probes? Focus on Pitot / Static Tubes Slide 4 European Aviation Safety Agency Which Probes? Usually Fuselage mounted but. Slide 5 European Aviation Safety Agency Which Probes? Functions A/C level Baro Corrected
3、Altitude Baro correction Vertical Speed Indicated Airspeed (IAS) True Airspeed (TAS) True Mach VMO/MMO Slide 6 European Aviation Safety Agency In ServiceEvents Underlying Safety Issue Modes of bad acquisition 25.1309 approach A/C Requirements Issues EASA Conditions Slide 7 European Aviation Safety A
4、gency In Service Events A significant numbers of in- service eventsreported in Europe icing conditions or heavy rain conditions Slide 8 European Aviation Safety Agency In Service Events Most of the incident reports: airspeed fluctuation while in severe atmospheric conditions But Also: Temporary tota
5、l loss of airspeed indications Slide 9 European Aviation Safety Agency In Service Events A significant incident also happened with an instrumented test aircraft during a certification test Provide more detailed data. Analysis of the atmospheric conditions ?Icing Conditions at an unusual high altitud
6、e and at very low Temperature Conditions outside the environment of PART 25 Appendix C Slide 10 European Aviation Safety Agency In Service Events Underlying Safety Issue Modes of bad acquisition 25.1309 approach A/C Requirements Issues EASA Conditions Slide 11 European Aviation Safety Agency Underly
7、ing Safety Issue Typical consequences of Pitot probes ice / water: airspeed fluctuation (Vc) But also risk to have misleading airspeed indication on two or three airspeed indication systems Slide 12 European Aviation Safety Agency Underlying Safety Issue Example of Conventional Design: Slide 13 Euro
8、pean Aviation Safety Agency In Service Events Underlying Safety Issue Modes of bad acquisition 25.1309 approach A/C Requirements Issues EASA Conditions Slide 14 European Aviation Safety Agency 2 modes of bad acquisition MODE 1: the Pitot tube is filled up with water. Pitot head obstructed by ice, th
9、e drain holes is free of ice or Slide 15 European Aviation Safety Agency 2 modes of bad acquisition MODE 1: the Pitot tube is fill up with water. Pitot head obstructed by ice, the drain holes is free of ice or This cause an erroneous low or fluctuating value of theairspeed. Slide 16 European Aviatio
10、n Safety Agency 2 modes of bad acquisition MODE 2: The Pitot head and the drain holes are obstructed by ice. The Total pressure is trapped in the probe. The airspeed indication do not follow the barometric altitude Slide 17 European Aviation Safety Agency Slide 18 European Aviation Safety Agency Thi
11、s is an insidious condition Slide 19 European Aviation Safety Agency In Service Events Underlying Safety Issue Modes of bad acquisition 25.1309 approach A/C Requirements Issues EASA Conditions Slide 20 European Aviation Safety Agency 25.1309 Several factors, affect the consequences of the failure ai
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