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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 417:1993 Implementation of ISO 417:1993 Photography Determination of residual thiosulfate and other related chemicals in processed photographic materials Methods using iodine-amylose, methylene blue and silver sulfide Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:
2、36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 417:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board (W/-), was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1995 BSI 08-1999 The f
3、ollowing BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPM/14 Draft for comment 90/45989 DC ISBN 0 580 23918 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CPM/14, Photographic chemicals and p
4、rocessing, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Institute of Non-destructive Testing British Photographic Association Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Water Directorate) Royal Photographic Society Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComm
5、ents Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 417:1993 BSI 08-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Forewordiii Text of ISO 4171 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26
6、12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 417:1993 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 417:1993 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 5706:1979 which is withdrawn. This British Standard is published under the direc
7、tion of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board whose Technical Committee CPM/14 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monit
8、or related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessar
9、y provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO t
10、itle page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 14 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00
11、2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 417:1993(E) ii BSI 08-1999 Contents Page Forewordiii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3General requirements2 4Iodine-amylose method3 5Methylene
12、blue method5 6Silver densitometric method9 Annex A (informative) Appraisal of keeping characteristics12 Annex B (informative) Guidance in the selection of test method12 Annex C (informative) Preparation of 0,2 mol/l sodium hydroxide solution13 Annex D (informative) Preparation of 0,100 0 mol/l sodiu
13、m thiosulfate solution13 Annex E (informative) Iodide-amylose reagent (without cadmium)13 Annex F (informative) Bibliography14 Figure 1 Typical calibration curve for the methylene blue method8 Figure 2 Illustrative correlation between the silver densitometric method and the methylene blue or iodine-
14、amylose method for measuring thiosulfate ion levels11 Table 1 Preparation of samples for calibration5 Table 2 Preparation of samples for calibration10 Table B.1 Analytical method suitable for determining thiosulfate in specific photographic materials12 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun
15、 Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 417:1993(E) BSI 08-1999iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried o
16、ut through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO c
17、ollaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approva
18、l by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 417 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 417:1977), which has been technically revised. It now contains an iodine-amylose method w
19、hich can generally be used with film and paper and which should be used with film and paper containing incorporated developing agents. Annex A, Annex B, Annex C, Annex D, Annex E and Annex F of this International Standard are for information only. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov
20、26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 417:1993(E) BSI 08-19991 Introduction This International Standard is one of a series of specifications on photographic proces
21、sing. This International Standard may occasionally be used by individuals without a working knowledge of analytical chemistry. Hazard warnings have therefore been given using a system of symbols with letter codes designating the nature of the hazard. More detailed information regarding hazards, hand
22、ling and use of these chemicals may also be available from the manufacturer. Determination of residual thiosulfate and its decomposition products is of use in appraising the adequacy of washing and therefore the permanence of the silver image on photographic film, plates and paper. Inadequate washin
23、g can cause a loss in image density and the formation of stain in low-density areas. These deleterious effects are accelerated by improper storage conditions. Determination of residual thiosulfate and related compounds, by itself, is not sufficient to insure the permanence of photographic records. L
24、ong-term or archival storage requires the proper attention to enclosure materials, storage environment, and the like. These considerations are specified in ISO 3897, ISO 5466, ISO 6051 and ISO 10602. 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard specifies test methods for the determination of residual thi
25、osulfate and related compounds in processed photographic materials. 1.2 It applies to silver halide/gelatin products that have been processed with a final thiosulfate fixing bath and a water wash. Stabilized black-and-white products are not included. The procedures given in this International Standa
26、rd measure residual thiosulfate, and the silver densitometric method measures residual related polythionate materials as well. Measurements carried out by the procedures given in this International Standard may, within the limitations stated in Annex A and Annex B, correlate with the image stabiliti
27、es of processed photographs. 1.3 Film or plates with photographic-sensitive layers on both sides, or with a photographic sensitive layer on one side and a gelatin backing layer on the reverse side, may contain approximately twice as much thiosulfate after processing as samples having a coating on on
28、e side only. This situation will be true for materials for which residual thiosulfate is determined by the iodine-amylose or methylene blue procedures. NOTE 1For the method of reporting such results, see Figure 1, example 3. 1.4 The iodine-amylose method can be used with fibre-based paper, film and
29、plates. It is the method to be used with film and paper containing incorporated developing agents. 1.5 The methylene blue method can be used with fibre-based paper, film and plates, but not with film and paper containing incorporated developing agents. 1.6 The silver sulfide densitometric method mea
30、sures thiosulfates, polythionates and all other residual chemicals in a processed product that react with silver ion to form a silver “stain” under the conditions of the test. NOTE 2This method requires a photometer or spectrophotometer capable of operating in the reflectance mode. 1.7 A tabulated s
31、ummary of methods, scope, etc. is given in Annex B. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject
32、to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 5-3:1984, Photogr
33、aphy Density measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions. ISO 385-1:1984, Laboratory glassware Burettes Part 1: General requirements. ISO 648:1977, Laboratory glassware One-mark pipettes. ISO 835-1:1981, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes Part 1: General requirements. ISO 835-2:1981, Laboratory gl
34、assware Graduated pipettes Part 2: Pipettes for which no waiting time is specified. ISO 835-3:1981, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes Part 3: Pipettes for which a waiting time of 15 s is specified. ISO 835-4:1981, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes Part 4: Blow-out pipettes. ISO 1042:1983
35、, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks. ISO 4788:1980, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 417:1993(E) 2 BSI 08-1999 3 General requirements 3.1 Safety and hazard
36、concerns 3.1.1 Handling Reagents shall be handled in conformity with health and safety precautions as shown on containers or as given in other sources of such information. Proper labelling of prepared reagents includes chemical name, date of preparation, expiration date, restandardization date, name
37、 of preparer, and adequate health and safety precautions. The discharge of reagents shall conform to applicable environmental regulations. 3.1.2 Hazard warnings Some of the chemicals specified in the test procedures are caustic, toxic or otherwise hazardous. Safe laboratory practice for the handling
38、 of chemicals requires the use of safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves and other protective apparel such as face masks or aprons where appropriate. Specific danger notices are given in the text and footnotes for particularly dangerous materials, but normal precautions are required during the per
39、formance of any chemical procedure at all times. The first time that a hazardous material is noted in the test procedure section, the hazard will be indicated by the word “DANGER” followed by a symbol consisting of angle brackets “” containing a letter which designates the specific hazard. A double
40、bracket “” will be used for particularly perilous situations. In subsequent statements involving handling of these hazardous materials, only the hazard symbol consisting of the brackets and letter(s) will be displayed. Furthermore, for a given material, the hazard symbols will be used only once in a
41、 single paragraph. Detailed warnings for handling chemicals and their diluted solutions are beyond the scope of this International Standard. Employers shall provide training and health and safety information in conformance with legal requirements. The hazard symbol system used in this International
42、Standard is intended to provide information to the users and is not meant for compliance with legal requirements for labelling as these vary from country to country. It is strongly recommended that anyone using these chemicals obtain from the manufacturer pertinent information about the hazards, han
43、dling, use and disposal of these chemicals. 3.1.3 Hazard information code system 3.2 Reagents Reagents used in the test procedures shall be certified reagent-grade chemicals and shall meet appropriate standards or be chemicals of a purity acceptable for the analysis. NOTE 3Further details are given
44、in ISO 6353-1, ISO 6353-2 and ISO 6353-3. Whenever water is specified without other qualifiers in the test procedures, only distilled water or water of at least equal purity shall be used. 3.3 Glassware All glassware subject to heating shall be of heat-resistant borosilicate glass.1) Pipettes and ot
45、her volumetric glassware shall meet the volume requirements of Class A or Class B glassware as specified in ISO 385-1, ISO 648, ISO 835-1, ISO 835-2, ISO 835-3, ISO 835-4, ISO 1042 and ISO 4788. Harmful if inhaled. Avoid breathing dust, vapour, mist or gas. Use only with adequate ventilation. Harmfu
46、l if contact occurs. Avoid contact with eyes, skin or clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Harmful if swallowed. Wash thoroughly after handling. If swallowed, obtain medical attention immediately. May be fatal if swallowed. If swallowed, obtain medical attention immediately. Will burn. Keep awa
47、y from heat, sparks and open flame. Use with adequate ventilation.a Oxidizer. Contact with other material may cause fire. Do not store near combustible materials. a The flammable warning symbol, , will not be used for quantities of common solvents under 1 litre. 1) Pyrex is an example of suitable gl
48、assware available commercially. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not consitute an endorsement by ISO of this product. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 26 12:36:28 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ISO 417:1993(
49、E) BSI 08-19993 4 Iodine-amylose method 4.1 Use The iodine-amylose method is applicable to the determination of residual thiosulfate ions in resin-coated (RC) photographic film and paper containing incorporated developing agents. The method is also applicable to measuring residual thiosulfate ion in fibre-based paper, film and plates. This method measures only thiosulfate ions and gives results comparable to those obtained by the methylene blue method. NOTE 4The method gives results that correlate well with accelerated keeping
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