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1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS General Specification Electrical/Electronic GMW3091 General Specification for Vehicles, Electromagnetic Compatibility Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved July 2006 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 16 1 I
2、ntroduction Note: In the event of a conflict between the text of this specification and the documents cited herein, the text of this specification takes precedence. Note: Nothing in the specification supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 1.1 Scope.
3、 This document applies to the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of passenger vehicles, light duty trucks, and medium duty trucks. This document is one out of a series of three global EMC documents that specify EMC test and validation requirements. The complete series consists of the following docu
4、ments: GMW3091, GMW3097 and GMW3103 (All three documents of equal revision carry the same release date). Note: Earlier versions of GMW12559, GMW12001V, GMW12001R, and GMW3094, have been integrated into GMW3091 for ease of use. 1.2 Mission/Theme. This document specifies requirements and test procedur
5、es for verification for EMC. It refers to International EMC Standards whenever possible but also describes internal test procedures if necessary. 1.3 Classification. Not applicable. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standard
6、s/Specifications. 95/54/EC IEC CISPR 25 2004/104/EC ISO 11451-1 ECE R 10.02 ISO 11451-2 ICES-002 ISO 11451-3 IEC 489-3 ISO 10605:2001 IEC CISPR 12 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW3059 GMW3103 GMW3097 2.3 Additional References. Automobile Type Approval Handbook for Japanese Certification 3 Requir
7、ements 3.1 Test Equipment and Test Samples. 3.1.1 Test Equipment. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.2 Performance Requirements. The DUT (Device Under Test) shall pass both, the component level tests according to GMW3097 and t
8、he vehicle level tests according to GMW3091, following the process according to GMW3103. For all tests the more stringent requirement applies at frequency breakpoints and overlaps. All deviations that occur during immunity testing shall be recorded. Note: The Regulatory Requirement 95/54/EC referenc
9、ed in this document will be replaced by 2004/104/EC beginning 01 January 2006 and mandatory as of 01 July 2006. Therefore, after this date, all references in this publication shall change accordingly. 3.3 Radiated Emissions, Vehicle Tests. 3.3.1 Radiated Emissions at 10 m. 3.3.1.1 Requirements. The
10、field strength of the broadband radiated emissions (broadband as defined in 95/54/EC) produced by the vehicle shall not exceed the limits of 95/54/EC (Regulatory Requirement) when evaluated in accordance with 95/54/EC. The field strength of the broadband radiated emissions (broadband as defined in I
11、EC CISPR 12) produced by the vehicle shall not exceed the limits of IEC CISPR 12 (10 m test). Note: For broadband radiated emissions, compliance with the limits of IEC CISPR 12 (10 m test) assures compliance with the limits of 95/54/EC (10 m test) and with the limits of ICES-002. The field strength
12、of the narrowband radiated emissions (narrowband as defined in 95/54/EC) produced by the vehicle shall not exceed the limits GMW3091 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved Page 2 of 16 July 2006 of 95/54/EC (Regulatory Requirement) when evalu
13、ated in accordance with 95/54/EC. The electrical system of the vehicle shall comply with the following requirement: Automobile Type Approval Handbook for Japanese Certification (Paragraph 11-1, Article 17-2 (4), Electrical System and Paragraph 11-2, Article 4-11A, Electric System). Specifically, “Th
14、e electrical system shall not cause continuous and excessive radio interference. The vehicle shall be regarded as complying with this requirement when it has a radio interference control device (such as high-voltage electric resistive wires, external resistors etc.) for the control of motor vehicle
15、radio noise”. 3.3.1.2 Test Equipment. The test equipment shall comply with the requirements of IEC CISPR 12. 3.3.1.3 Test Procedure. 3.3.1.3.1 For countries where compliance with 95/54/EC is required (legal requirement for Europe), use test method 95/54/EC with the following specification: The 10m d
16、istance shall be used. 3.3.1.3.2 For countries where compliance with ECE R 10.02 is required (legal requirement applicable to some United Nations member nations), use the test method per ECE R 10.02 with the following specification: The 10m distance shall be used. 3.3.1.3.3 For all other countries u
17、se test method IEC CISPR 12 with the following specification: The 10 m distance shall be used. 3.3.2 Interference to On-Board-Receivers. 3.3.2.1 Requirements. User bands are divided into mandatory and optional bands/requirements. All bands/requirements are mandatory unless specifically excluded in t
18、he EMC test plan. Narrowband emissions (narrowband as defined in 95/54/EC) shall not exceed the narrowband levels for the antenna terminal voltage specified in 95/54/EC when evaluated in accordance with 95/54/EC. The requirements apply to the complete vehicle with all systems connected. For systems
19、comprised of both electronic controllers and inductive loads (e.g. motors, solenoids), both the “Non-Spark” and “Spark” limits apply to the combined system. In this case the average detector (AV) may be used in place of the peak (PK) detector for the “Non-Spark” limit portion of the test, if the com
20、bined emissions exceed the “Non-Spark” limit. If the AV detector is used, the requirement is more restrictive by 6 dB. This is an exception based on the inability to detect the module noise over the arcing noise of a motor when using the PK detector. Emissions shall not exceed the levels for the ant
21、enna terminal voltage specified in Tables 1, 2, and 3. 3.3.2.2 Test Equipment. The test equipment shall comply with the requirements of IEC CISPR 25. 3.3.2.3 Test Procedure. Use test method IEC CISPR 25 with the following specifications. Noise is divided into three different categories: Spark genera
22、ted noise: Noise generated by sparks, such as ignition systems, brush type motors etc. Non-spark generated noise: Noise generated by electronic sources, such as microprocessors, clocks, PWM etc. Switch pop noise: Noise generated due to switching of a contact, such as brake light switch, turn signal
23、relays, etc. In order to save test time it is allowed to measure with bandwidth greater than specified above. If noise measured under this condition exceeds the requirements, the measurement has to be retaken in those frequency bands with the specified bandwidth to determine pass/fail. -,-,- GM WORL
24、DWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3091 Table 1: Requirement for Non-Spark Radiated Emissions ID # Mandatory /Optional Region RF Service Frequency Range (MHz) Conditions Non-Spark Limit (dBV) G1 M Global Medium Wave/AM 0.53 to 1.71 0 PK G2a O Global 4 Meter 66 to 78.537 -4 AV G2b O Global 4 Meter 78.537
25、 to 79.988 -10 AV G2c O Global 4 Meter 79.988 to 84.01 -4 AV G2d O Global 4 Meter 84.01 to 87.2 RBW 9/10 kHz, Step Size 5 kHz, Time/Step 5ms -10 AV JA1 O Japan FM I 76 to 90 6 PK G3 M Global FM II 87.5 to 108 RBW 120 kHz, Step Size 60 kHz, Time/Step 5ms 6 PK G4a O Global 2 Meter 142 to 167.555 -4 AV
26、 G4b O Global 2 Meter 167.555 to 169.385 -10 AV G4c O Global 2 Meter 169.385 to 172.155 -4 AV G4d O Global 2 Meter 172.155 to 173.985 -10 AV G4e O Global 2 Meter 173.985 to 175 -4 AV EU2 O Europe DAB I 174.1 to 240 0 AV EU3a O Europe Tetra (Emergency) 380 to 400 -4 AV EU3b O Europe Tetra (Civil) 400
27、 to 430 6 AV G8 O Global GPS 1567 to1574 - 1576 to 1583 RBW 9/10 kHz, Step Size 5 kHz, Time/Step 5ms 40 - 0 - 0 -40 AV Note: Band G2c (4m): 80 MHz 10 kHz excluded, if ensured that noise peaks remain within this channel Note: Band G8: Requirement is 40 dBV at 1567 MHz, decreasing linearly in frequenc
28、y to 0 dBV at 1574 MHz, 0 dBV between 1574 and 1576 MHz, 0 dBV at 1576 MHz increasing linearly in frequency to 40 dBV at 1583 MHz Note: If an active antenna is used, the noise floor may increase. The additional noise floor depends on the type of antenna and should be accounted for using the followin
29、g formula: Unoise = Umeasured2 - Uantennanoise2 Table 2: Requirement for Spark Radiated Emissions ID # Mandatory /Optional Region RF Service Frequency Range (MHz) Conditions Spark Limit (dBV) G1 M Global Medium Wave /AM 0.53 to 1.71 RBW 9 kHz, Step Size 20 kHz, Time/Step 1 s 6 QP G2 O Global 4 Meter
30、 66 to 87.2 10 QP JA1 O Japan FM I 76 to 90 6 (15 Note 1) QP G3 M Global FM II 87.5 to 108 6 (15 Note 1) QP G4 O Global 2 Meter 142 to 175 10 QP EU2 O Europe DAB I 174.1 to 240 10 QP EU3 O Europe Tetra 380 to 430 RBW 120 kHz, Step Size 1 MHz, Time/Step 1 s 10 QP Note 1: Ignition noise only Copyright
31、 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved July 2006 Page 3 of 16 GMW3091 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved Page 4 of 16 July 2006 Table 3: Requirement for Switch Pop Noise ID # Mandatory /Optional Region RF Service Frequency R
32、ange (MHz) Conditions Switch Pop Limit (dBV) G1 O Global Medium Wave /AM 0.53 to 1.71 RBW 9 kHz, Step Size 50 kHz, Time/Step 5 s 19 PK Note: Requirement only applicable to noise sources of frequent actuation (e.g. brake light switch, turn signal relay, intermittent wiper). Cycle switch or contact co
33、ntinuously during scan. 3.3.3 Subjective Radio Listen Test. 3.3.3.1 Requirements. The vehicle shall comply with subjective rating (formerly known as GMUTS) 8 or better, as defined in Table 4, for spark generated emissions, non-spark generated emissions and switch pop noise sources (e.g. brake light
34、switch, intermittent wiper relays, turn signal relays). Use a signal of 30 dB above the antenna noise floor for the Medium Wave band (G1) and 20 dB above the antenna noise floor for the FM bands (JA1 and G3) as measured with a Quasi Peak detector. This test is optional, based on the discretion of th
35、e EMC engineer and can supersede the requirements in Tables 1, 2, and 3. 3.3.3.2 Test Equipment. This test requires: Radiated emissions test equipment according to the requirements of IEC CISPR 25 (see paragraph 3.3.2 of this document). CD player used as audio signal source. CD with tracks of voice
36、signals. All signals shall be recorded in stereo. RF signal generator with a frequency range of 0.15 to 108 MHz capable of external AM and FM modulation and with preemphasis (50 s and 75 s) for the FM modulation. For 76 to 108 MHz stereo modulation is required. The generator shall have an adjustable
37、 output power level capable of generating a minimum of 0 dBm. Modulation analyzer for measurement of modulation index and deviation of the RF signal (may be internal to the RF signal generator). 3.3.3.3 Test Procedure. Use the CD player as a modulation source for the RF signal generator. The RF sign
38、al generator output shall be connected to a suitable transmitting antenna (e.g. 85 cm rod antenna) located approximately 1 m from the vehicle radio antenna. The transmitting antenna shall be positioned next to the vehicle and shall have no contact with the vehicle. Note: If CD player and RF signal g
39、enerator are located inside the anechoic chamber, care must be taken to ensure that noise emitted by the test equipment does not cause any interference to the vehicle radio. Using test method IEC CISPR 25 with the vehicle inside an anechoic chamber determine the unmodulated signal generator levels n
40、ecessary to generate a receiving antenna terminal voltage of: 30 dB signal to antenna noise floor for AM band 20 dB signal to antenna noise floor for FM band Note: During determination of the necessary transmission power care must be taken to avoid the influence of persons inside the chamber. It is
41、recommended that those persons who will carry out the subjective assessment are already sitting inside the vehicle during this time. Note: This test may also be performed in an open field site. If suitable radio stations are available, they may be used instead of the signal generator. For evaluation
42、 of LW (EU1) and MW frequency (G1) ranges use AM modulation. The measured AM modulation shall be 80% for the loudest passage of the CD. For evaluation of the VHF (JA1 and G3) frequency range use FM stereo modulation. For radios which have a deemphasis of 75 s (e.g. North America) the preemphasis of
43、the signal generator shall be set to 75 s. For radios which have a deemphasis of 50 s (e.g. Europe and Japan) the preemphasis of the signal generator shall be set to 50 s. The measured deviation shall be 75 kHz for the loudest passage of the CD. Listen to the audio when modulating the RF signal with
44、 voice signals. Assess its quality subjectively using the subjective rating scale in Table 4. -,-,- GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3091 Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved July 2006 Page 5 of 16 Table 4: Subjective Rating Scale for Each Test Point Rating Noise Assess
45、ment Evaluation 10 Noise not noticeable even by trained evaluators No noise noticeable in signal at all 9 Noise noticeable only by trained evaluators Very little noise in background of signal 8 Noise noticeable only by critical customers A little noise noticeable, but not objectionable 7 Noise notic
46、eable by all customers Some noise noticeable, but not objectionable 6 Noise rated disturbing by some customers Light noise, objectionable 5 Noise rated disturbing by all customers Moderate noise but station understandable, will only listen if important 4 Signal quality rated as failure by some custo
47、mers Station is present, but annoying noise. Will not listen 3 Entertainment system complained as bad failure by all customers Station is somewhat present, but unusable 2 Limited operation of entertainment system Can tell that a station is present 1 Entertainment system non operational No station pr
48、esent 3.3.4 Land Mobile Radio Audio Test. 3.3.4.1 Requirements. Radiated emissions shall comply with the requirements of Table 5 when evaluated using the Land Mobile Radio Audio Test specified in IEC 489-3. Note: This requirement is optional and may be called out for specific vehicle programs. Table
49、 5: Requirements for the Land Mobile Radio Audio Test Maximum RF level to achieve required SINAD V Frequency (MHz) RF initial (sources off) RF final (sources on) Required SINAD dB 45.68; 45.72; 45.80; 45.84 0.5 1.0 12 47.02; 47.04; 47.06; 47.08; 47.10; 47.12; 47.14; 47.16; 47.18; 47.20; 47.22; 47.24; 47.26; 47.28; 47.30; 47.32; 47.34 0.5 1.0 12 150.995; 151.010; 151.025; 151.040; 151.055; 151.070; 151.085; 151.100; 151.115; 151.130; 151.185;
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