GMW-3414-2002.pdf
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1、Test Method Materials GMW3414 Artificial Weathering of Automotive Interior Trim Materials 1 Scope This test method shall be used to determine the ef- fects of weathering using a xenon-arc lamp source (artificial sunlight) to simulate extreme environmental conditions encountered inside a vehicle due
2、to sun- light, heat and humidity. This method shall be used to evaluate the colorfastness, as well as being the artifi- cial weathering method to evaluate degradation. Note: Nothing in this test method supersedes appli- cable laws and regulations unless a specific exemp- tion has been obtained. Note
3、: In the event of a conflict between the Eng- lish and the domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are appli- cable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 Normative. ISO 105-A02 2.2 GM. GMW6992 2.3 Additional. Equipment Manufactur
4、ers Operating Manuals 3 Test Equipment 3.1 Xenon-Arc Weathering Device. The weather- ing device shall consist of a climatic chamber made from corrosion resistant material, which contains the light source (xenon-arc lamp that is either air-cooled or water-cooled), the filter system and the frame hold
5、er for the test specimens. The apparatus must be equipped so that it can meet the following param- eters and controls. To insure repeatability of tests, the apparatus must be maintained and calibrated to manufacturers specification. 3.1.1 Filter System. Fit the xenon-arc burner with the appropriate
6、optical filters to provide a spectral power distribution (SPD) that falls within the range in- dicated in Table 1 and similar to Figure 1. Examples of filter systems, that will provide this light spectrum distribution for a few machines, are listed in the Ap- pendix. 3.1.2 Irradiance Measuring Devic
7、e at a location rep- resentative of the test specimen location measuring irradiance at one of the following bandwidths. W/m2/nm at 420 nm (narrow bandwidth measure- ment) W/m2at 300 to 400 nm (wide bandwidth measure- ment) 3.1.3 Black Standard Thermometer (BST). The BST is an insulated temperature m
8、easuring device consisting of a metal panel, having a matte black coating which absorbs all wavelengths uniformly, with a thermal sensitive element firmly attached to the center of the surface opposite the radiant source. The BST shall measure (70 5) x (40 5) mm and have a thickness of (0.5 0.1) mm
9、and be fixed to a plastic plate so that it is thermally insulated. The BST is used to control an artificial weathering device and to provide an estimate of the maximum temperature of samples exposed to a radiant energy source. 3.1.4 Chamber Temperature (CT) Probe. The CT or the temperature of the ai
10、r in the test chamber shall be measured and controlled. 3.1.5 Chamber Relative Humidity (RH) Measuring Device. The RH of the test chamber air shall be mea- sured and controlled. 3.1.6 Purified Water. Water for humidification and lamp cooling must be purified so that it contains no more than 0.2 ppm
11、of silica and has no more than 1.0 ppm total dissolved solids. 3.2 GrayScale for assessing color change complying with the requirements of ISO 105-A02. 3.3 Color Machine (if applicable) Spectrophotome- ter capable of CIELAB measurements, with a 10 de- gree standard observer, a D65 standard illuminan
12、t and an orifice size greater or equal to 20 mm. The acceptable machine geometries are: 45 degree/nor- mal (45/0), normal/45 degree (0/45), diffused/normal (d/0), or normal/diffused (0/d). If a diffused geome- try instrument is used, the specular component of re- flectance shall be included in the m
13、easurement. The Copyright 2002 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards, Records and Documentation April 2002Page 1 of 5 -,-,- GMW3414GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS angle between the sample normal and the illuminat- ing beam in 0
14、/d geometry, and the angle between the sample normal and the viewing beam in d/0 geome- try, shall not exceed 10 degrees. 3.4 Suitable stamping dies, shears or cutting equip- ment for preparation of test specimens. 4 Test Material 4.1 White Cardboard.Back the textile test speci- mens with white opaq
15、ue cardboard or card stock with sufficient weight to prevent warping.The material should have a low sulfur content and be free from flu- orescent brightening agents. 4.2 Non-woven fleece (Atlas part # 56077020) or equivalent shall be used between textile test speci- mens and the white cardboard, if
16、the test specimen is less than 8 mm thick. 4.3 Standard Reference Material (SRM). Blue Wool or Polystryene reference standards are to be used in determining whether the xenon-arc apparatus is op- erating within the desired range. 5 Test Method 5.1 Summary of Test Method. Test specimens are exposed i
17、n a xenon-arc weathering device to artificial weathering conditions, which simulate extreme envi- ronmental conditions, encountered inside a vehicle due to sunlight, heat and humidity. Test specimens are then evaluated for colorfastness (fade) or other modes of degradation. 5.2 Test Sample Preparati
18、on. 5.2.1 For colorfastness, cut at least one test spec- imen of a size that fits the test specimen holder frames for the equipment being used. Back each test specimen with the non-woven fleece, if required, and the white cardboard then insert and secure into the holder. 5.2.1.1 The test specimen sh
19、all include all variations of color and pattern or multiple test specimens must be taken so that all variations of color and pattern are included in the test. 5.2.1.2 When testing narrow textile materials or small parts, use as large a test specimen as possible and back it withwhite cardboard that f
20、its the test specimen holder. 5.2.2 For degradation evaluations, cut the number and size of test specimens required for the degrada- tion test. Back the exposure area with the white card- board, then fold and secure any excess material be- hind the white cardboard. 5.3 Test Procedure. 5.3.1 Mount th
21、e test specimen holders in the weath- ering device withthe face side of the testspecimen no closer to the lamp than the front side of the specimen holder. 5.3.2 Fill all unused places with specimen holders filled with dummy textile blanks to maintain desired airflow. Blanks should be changed when no
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