GOST-12.1.010-1976-ENG.pdf
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1、UDK (Universal Digital Code) 662.2/3:658.382.3:006.354 Group T58 U S S R S T A T E S T A N D A R D Occupational Safety Standards System. GOST 12.1.010-76 Explosion safety.(CMEA Standard 3517-81) General requirements The date of coming into effect is established by Decree of the State Committee for S
2、tandards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1581 dated June 28, 1976, as 01.01.78 This standard applies to production processes (including transportation and storage) involving substances capable of forming an explosive environment and establishes general requirements to ensure their explos
3、ion safety. This standard does not apply to production processes involving the production, application, transportation and storage of explosives. This standard fully complies with CMEA Standard 351781. 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS 1.1. The production processes shall be designed to ensure that the maximum p
4、robability of an explosion in any explosively hazardous area does not exceed 106 within one year. Where it is not technically or cost effective to ensure the specified probability of explosion, the production processes shall be designed to ensure that the maximum probability of the dangerous factors
5、 of explosion effecting the personnel within one year does not exceed 106 per person. In this case the accepted probability value of an explosion in any explosive area of production shall be substantiated and approved by the state inspection authorities in accordance with the established procedure 1
6、.2. The explosion safety of production processes shall be ensured by an alarm system and organization and technical explosion protection measures. (Amended wording, Amendment No. 1). 1.3. All production processes shall meet with the requirements of this standard and effective regulations on technolo
7、gy design, approved in accordance with the established procedure, as well as with safety norms and regulations approved by the relevant state inspection authorities. Official Publication Reproduction prohibited # Amended wording (September, 1988) with Amendment No. 1 approved February 1983. (IUS) St
8、andard Detail Index No. 6-83). GOST 12.1.018-76 P. 2 1.4. The specific explosion safety requirements for certain production processes shall be established in the regulatory and technical documentation for these processes. 1.5. The following are parameters and properties which characterize an explosi
9、vely hazardous environment: flash point; concentration and temperature firing limits; self-ignition temperature; usual flame propagation rate; minimum explosive concentration of oxygen (oxidant); minimum ignition energy; sensitivity to mechanical action (shock and friction). 1.6. Major factors chara
10、cterizing explosion hazards are as follows: maximum explosion pressure and temperature; rate of pressure increase in the event of an explosion; pressure at shock front; crushing and demolition effects of an explosive environment. 1.5, 1.6. (Amended wording, Amendment No. 1). 1.7. Safety factors shal
11、l be established in the specifications and technical documentation for the production process to ensure its explosion safety. 1.8. The following are dangerous and harmful factors affecting personnel in the event of an explosion: shock with front pressures exceeding the maximum value permitted; fire;
12、 collapsing constructions, equipment, service lines, buildings, structures and scattering parts thereof; harmful substances formed as a result of the explosion and (or) emitted from damaged equipment with concentrations in working areas exceeding the maximum concentrations permitted. (Amended wordin
13、g, Amendment No. 1). 1.9. The definitions of the terms used in this standard are listed in the Appendix. 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR EXPLOSION PREVENTION 2.1. The following factors shall be eliminated to prevent explosions: formation of an explosive environment; generation of an explosion catalyst. 2.2. An
14、explosive environment can be formed by: mixtures of substances (gases, vapors, dusts) with air and other oxidants (oxygen, ozone, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, etc.); substances prone to explosive transformation (acetylene, ozone, hydrazine, etc.). 2.3. The following sources can initiate explosions: op
15、en flame, burning and incandescent substances; electric discharges; thermal effects of chemical reactions and mechanical actions; sparks caused by shock or friction; shocks; electromagnetic and other radiation. 2.4. Preventing the formation of an explosive environment and ensuring that the concentra
16、tion of explosively hazardous substances is below the lower concentration limit of GOST 12.1.018-76 P. 3 inflammability, including the safety factor, in production facilities, drifts, etc, shall be achieved by: using hermetically sealed industrial equipment; providing operational and emergency venti
17、lation; removing any explosive environment and substances capable of forming one; monitoring air composition and deposits of explosively hazardous dust. 2.5. Prevention of the formation of an explosive environment inside the technological equipment shall be ensured by: hermetically sealing technolog
18、ical equipment; keeping environment composition and parameters outside the inflammation range; using inhibiting (chemically active) and retarding (inert) admixtures; applying design and technological solutions adopted during the design of the industrial equipment and processes. 2.6. The prevention o
19、f the formation of an explosion catalyst shall be ensured by: restricting of open-flame work; preventing machinery heating up to the self-ignition temperature of an explosive environment; using devices to reduce pressure at the shock front; using materials that do not produce impact sparks capable o
20、f initiating an explosion in an explosive environment; using protective measures and devices against atmospheric and static electricity, stray currents, fall-to-earth short-circuit currents, etc.; using explosion-proof equipment; using fast-response protective isolation equipment for electric source
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