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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4987-1: 1993 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Coated macadam for roads and other paved areas Part 1: Specification for constituent materials and for mixtures Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1
2、993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/510, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1993 BSI 10-1998 First published September 1988 Second edition September 1993 The following BSI references
3、relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/510/1 Draft for comment 92/14302 DC ISBN 0 580 22164 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to subcommittee B/510/1, Coated maca
4、dam and hot asphalt, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Civil Engineering Test Equipment Manufacturers Association British Tar Industry Association County Surveyors Society Department of the Environment (Property Services Age
5、ncy) Department of Transport (Highways) Department of Transport (Transport Research Laboratory) Institute of Asphalt Technology Institute of Petroleum Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Highways and Transportation Mastic Asphalt Council and Employers Federation Mastic Asphalt Producers As
6、sociation Refined Bitumen Association Ltd. Sand and Gravel Association Limited Society of Chemical Industry Coopted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments 8122March 1994 8400December 1994 Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri
7、Dec 01 08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1993 BSI 10-1998i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword iii Section 1. General 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Sampling and testing 1 4 Constituent materials 1 Section 2. Requirements for coated macadams 5 Gr
8、oup one: roadbase mixtures 3 5.1 40 mm size dense roadbase, including DBM, DBM 50 and HDM 3 5.2 28 mm size dense roadbase, including DBM, DBM 50 and HDM (Preferred mixture) 3 6 Group two: basecourse mixtures 4 6.1 20 mm size open graded basecourse 4 6.2 40 mm size single course 4 6.3 40 mm size dens
9、e basecourse, including DBM, DBM 50 and HDM 5 6.4 28 mm size dense basecourse, including DBM, DBM 50 and HDM 6 6.5 20 mm size dense basecourse, including DBM, DBM 50 and HDM (Preferred mixture) 6 7 Group three: wearing course mixtures 7 7.1 14 mm size open graded wearing course 7 7.2 10 mm size open
10、 graded wearing course 7 7.3 14 mm size close graded wearing course (Preferred mixture) 8 7.4 10 mm size close graded wearing course (Preferred mixture) 9 7.5 6 mm size dense wearing course (Preferred mixture) 9 7.6 6 mm size medium graded wearing course (Preferred mixture) 10 7.7 3 mm size fine gra
11、ded wearing course 10 7.8 Coated chippings for fine graded wearing course 11 7.9 Coated grit 11 8 Group four: porous asphalt wearing course mixtures 11 8.1 20 mm size porous asphalt wearing course 11 8.2 10 mm size porous asphalt wearing course 11 Section 3. Preparation of mixtures 9 Mixing 12 Appen
12、dix A Recommended storage temperatures for binders 13 Appendix B Guidance on the selection of materials and mixtures 13 Appendix C Information to be supplied by the purchaser 16 Table 1 Aggregate grading for 40 mm size dense roadbase 3 Table 2 Binder content and grade for 40 mm size dense roadbase 3
13、 Table 3 Aggregate grading for 28 mm size dense roadbase 3 Table 4 Binder content and grade for 28 mm size dense roadbase 3 Table 5 Aggregate grading for 20 mm size open graded basecourse 4 Table 6 Binder content for 20 mm size open graded basecourse 4 Table 7 Grade of binder for 20 mm size open gra
14、ded basecourse 4 Table 8 Aggregate grading for 40 mm size single course 4 Table 9 Binder content for 40 mm size single course 5 Table 10 Grade of binder for 40 mm size single course 5 Table 11 Aggregate grading for 40 mm size dense basecourse 5 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01
15、08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1993 ii BSI 10-1998 Page Table 12 Binder content and grade for 40 mm size dense basecourse 5 Table 13 Aggregate grading for 28 mm size dense basecourse 6 Table 14 Binder content and grade for 28 mm size dense basecourse 6 Table 15 Aggrega
16、te grading for 20 mm size dense basecourse 6 Table 16 Binder content and grade for 20 mm size dense basecourse 6 Table 17 Aggregate grading for 14 mm size open graded wearing course 7 Table 18 Binder content for 14 mm size open graded wearing course 7 Table 19 Grade of binder for 14 mm size open gra
17、ded wearing course 7 Table 20 Aggregate grading for 10 mm size open graded wearing course 7 Table 21 Binder content for 10 mm size open graded wearing course 7 Table 22 Grade of binder for 10 mm size open graded wearing course 8 Table 23 Aggregate grading for 14 mm size close graded wearing course 8
18、 Table 24 Binder content for 14 mm size close graded wearing course 8 Table 25 Grade of binder for 14 mm size close graded wearing course 8 Table 26 Aggregate grading for 10 mm size close graded wearing course 9 Table 27 Binder content for 10 mm size close graded wearing course 9 Table 28 Grade of b
19、inder for 10 mm size close graded wearing course 9 Table 29 Aggregate grading for 6 mm size dense wearing course 9 Table 30 Binder content for 6 mm size dense wearing course 9 Table 31 Grade of binder for 6 mm size dense wearing course 10 Table 32 Aggregate grading for 6 mm size medium graded wearin
20、g course10 Table 33 Binder content and grade for 6 mm size medium graded wearing course 10 Table 34 Aggregate grading for 3 mm size fine graded wearing course 10 Table 35 Binder content for 3 mm size fine graded wearing course 10 Table 36 Grade of binder for 3 mm size fine graded wearing course 11 T
21、able 37 Aggregate grading for 20 mm size porous asphalt wearing course11 Table 38 Binder content and grade for 20 mm size porous asphalt wearing course 11 Table 39 Aggregate grading for 10 mm size porous asphalt wearing course11 Table 40 Binder content and grade for 10 mm size porous asphalt wearing
22、 course 11 Table 41 Maximum temperatures of mixed macadam 12 Table 42 Recommended storage temperatures for binders 13 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1993 BSI 10-1998iii Foreword
23、This Part of BS 4987 has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/510, Road materials. It supersedes BS 4987-1:1988, which is withdrawn. This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due cour
24、se. The standard comprises two Parts: Part 1: Specification for constituent materials and for mixtures; Part 2: Specification for transport, laying and compaction. Over the years, many coated macadam compositions have evolved, as will be seen from section 2. To encourage some rationalization a range
25、 of “Preferred mixtures” has been identified. Mixtures suitable for most uses can be selected from this reduced range and purchasers are encouraged to adopt their use wherever possible. Three versions of dense bitumen macadam roadbase and basecourse mixture are now included in this standard. The tra
26、ditional mixture (DBM), incorporating 100 or 200 pen bitumen, is retained. Two developments of this are heavy duty macadam with a higher filler content and harder binder (identified as HDM), and the traditional mixture with harder binder only, identified as DBM 50. Tests for certain aggregate proper
27、ties are still under development and will be included in this standard when they are fully developed and proven. The requirements for transporting coated macadam mixtures and for site work are included in BS 4987-2. It is recognized that different properties can be imparted to coated macadam mixture
28、s by the use of modified binders instead of bitumen or tar. Such modified materials are usually proprietary and several are already in limited use. Officially supervised road trials are in progress to determine the advantages, if any, of such binders in different circumstances, and when the results
29、of these trials are available, steps will be taken to include the binders in this standard, where appropriate. The requirements for the composition of all mixtures are based on the testing of the constituents and of the mixture by methods described in BS 598. Provision is made to measure the compact
30、ion of macadam on the road in terms of the percentage refusal density (PRD) as described in BS 598-104. It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of BS 4987 that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. A British Standard does not purport
31、 to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cove
32、r, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 08:30:
33、51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1993 BSI 19981 Section 1 Section 1. General 1 Scope This Part of BS 4987 specifies the requirements for all types of coated maca
34、dam to be laid as roadbase (group one), basecourse (group two), wearing course (group three) or porous asphalt course (group four) for roads and other paved areas excluding heavy duty airfield pavements. The standard does not include requirements for macadams incorporating bitumen emulsions as binde
35、rs; for these see BS 434. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this Part of BS 4987 are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of BS 4987, the definitions given in BS 6100 apply, together with the following. 2.1 test sieve a sieve complying with BS
36、410 2.2 traffic category the volume of commercial vehicles travelling in one direction counted over a 16 h period and expressed in commercial vehicles per day (c.v.d.) the categories are: a) category A: more than 250 c.v.d.; b) category B: up to 250 c.v.d. NOTEThese categories refer to existing traf
37、fic levels, not projected levels. 2.3 commercial vehicle a vehicle with an unladen mass exceeding 1 500 kg 3 Sampling and testing NOTEThe tolerances and ranges specified in this Part of BS 4987 are intended to provide for errors in sampling and testing when carried out by a skilled operator as well
38、as for variations in the macadam due to plant inconsistencies and fluctuations in the grading of the aggregates. Attention is drawn to the difficulties inherent in obtaining representative samples of coated macadam for analysis and to the further (usually smaller) errors in the reduction of the samp
39、le and its analysis in the laboratory. It should be realized that when any sampling and testing procedure is used complete compliance with the specification may not always be achieved with every sample tested even when the material is satisfactory (see BS 598-102). 3.1 Binder 3.1.1 Bitumens and tar
40、bitumen mixtures shall be sampled and tested in accordance with BS 3690-1 and BS 3690-3, respectively. 3.1.2 Tars shall be sampled and tested in accordance with BS 76. 3.2 Aggregates and fillers Coarse and fine aggregates and fillers shall be sampled and tested in accordance with BS 812. 3.3 Coated
41、macadam Coated macadams shall be sampled and tested in accordance with the relevant methods given in BS 598. The grading of the mineral aggregate fraction of the mixture shall be determined by means of “wet” sieving and therefore no wet/dry sieving correction shall be employed. 3.4 Coated chippings
42、Coated chippings shall be sampled from the stockpile when their temperature is below 130 C and tested in accordance with the methods given in BS 598. 4 Constituent materials 4.1 Binder 4.1.1 The binder shall be one of the following types: a) petroleum bitumen complying with BS 3690-1, excluding 450
43、penetration grade; b) cut back bitumen complying with BS 3690-1; c) road tar complying with BS 76; NOTEThe terms “high temperature tar” and “low temperature tar” relate to the relative temperatures of carbonization of the coal during production of the tar. Both types are permitted by BS 76 but the d
44、ifferent density of each dictates that different binder contents for the mixes be used as specified in section 2 of this standard. d) mixture of tar and bitumen complying with BS 3690-3, and which shall therafter be treated as though it were bitumen. e) For 20 mm size porous asphalt wearing course t
45、he binder shall be petroleum bitumen complying with BS 3690-1 with suitable modifier where necessary. The type and grade of binder shall be as given in the tables in section 2 for the individual mixtures. NOTE 1The recommended storage temperatures for binders are given in appendix A. NOTE 2The grade
46、s of binders specified in the tables are suitable for machine laid macadam. See B.5.7 for guidance on grades of binders for hand laid mixtures. NOTE 3See B.5.5 for guidance on binders for use in porous asphalts. 4.1.2 When the addition of tar or adhesion agents is made to bitumen, the mixtures shall
47、 have the relevant penetration or viscosity required for bitumen given by the individual tables in section 2. NOTEThe addition of not more than 10 % by mass of tar to bitumen can reduce the risk of water stripping the binder from some aggregates. This may also be achieved by the addition of adhesion
48、 agents to the bitumen or at the mixing stage (see also B.2). Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 08:30:51 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 4987-1:1993 2 BSI 10-1998 Section 1 4.2 Coarse aggregate 4.2.1 Type of coarse aggregate The coarse aggregate shall be material s
49、ubstantially retained on a 3.35 mm test sieve and shall consist of one of the following. a) Crushed rock of one or more of the following groups: basalt, gabbro, granite, gritstone, hornfels, limestone, porphyry or quartzite. b) Gravel of one or more of the groups in a) or flint, crushed or uncrushed, or combinations of both types. When gravel other than limestone gravel is used, 2 % by mass of the total aggregate of either hydrated lime or Portland cement shall be used as a filler. c) Bla
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