IEEE-1647-2006.pdf
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1、IEEE Std 1647-2006 IEEE Standard for the Functional Verification Language e I E E E 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 29 September 2006 IEEE Computer Society Sponsored by the Design Automation Standards Committee Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided
2、 by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 09:46:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELic
3、ensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 09:46:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Recognized as an American National Standard (ANSI) IEEE Std 1647 -2006 IEEE Standard for the Functional Verification Language e Sponsor Design Aut
4、omation Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society Approved 8 August 2006 American National Standards Institute Approved 30 March 2006 IEEE-SA Standards Board Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical St
5、andards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 09:46:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Eng
6、ineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 29 September 2006. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyri
7、ght Clearance Center. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 09:46:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iv Copyright
8、 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction The e functional verification language is an application-specific programming language aimed at the problem of verifying functional correctness of electronic designs. Simply stated, functional verification attempts to provide a quantitative answer to the
9、 question: How well does the design match the functional specification? Functional correctness of chip designs grew in criticality from the mid-1980s. As design complexity kept growing, ad hoc testing methods ran out of steam and a more systematic verification approach was necessary. Manually constr
10、ucted test suites, the early method of choice, became both uneconomical and ineffective when scaled up. As a result, many companies supplemented manual test suites with pseudo- random generation of input stimulus. Such test generation programs were typically built for a particular project or a parti
11、cular architecture. They turned out to be expensive to develop and maintain, but, once functional, they would clean up the design in a very thorough way. A key observation made by Yoav Hollander, the creator of e , was that verification environments of different projects have a lot in common and yet
12、 each verification environment is structured to match a particular design specification. Hollanders solution was to create a language that had verification-specific constructs as primitives and the full capabilities of a high-level language for customization. In particular, pseudo- random test gener
13、ation became a built-in capability of the language. Early prototypes of the language were experimented with as early as 1993, showing significant productivity gains. The e language was productized by Verisity, Ltd., in 1996, as part of a functional verification tool suite. The proliferation of the e
14、 language and the growing investment in e - based intellectual property (IP) compelled the creation of the e steering committee in June of 2002, composed of individuals from Texas Instruments, Rambus, ST Microelectronics, Cisco, Intel, Axis System, STARC, and Verisity. The e steering committee recom
15、mended the e language be standardized through the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Accepting the recommendation, Verisity released the rights to the language to the IEEE in June of 2003. The e language, in its current form, brings together concepts from many domains. e has a
16、 basic object oriented programming model, with implicit memory management and single inheritance. In this, e is similar to Java. Beyond objects, e supports aspects , which can be viewed as layers cutting across multiple objects. Adding an aspect to an existing program refines the program by introduc
17、ing a coherent change to a plurality of objects. e supports constraints as object features. Constraints are used to refine object modeling. The execution model of the language involves resolving constraint systems and picking random values that would satisfy constraint systems. e is a strongly typed
18、 language, like Pascal and Modula. e has concurrency constructs and modeling blocks for hierarchical composition, similar to hardware description languages like Verilog (see IEEE Std 1364 ) a and VHDL (see IEC/IEEE 61691-1-1). Concurrency in e is synchronous, like in Esterel. e contains a temporal l
19、anguage that borrows from Linear Temporal Logic and Interval Temporal Logic. e has many built-in constructs aimed at simplifying common programming tasks; built-in support for lists and hashes, which take after Eiffel ; and pattern matching and string- and file-manipulation features, which are borro
20、wed from Perl . a Information on references can be found in Clause 2. This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1647-2006, IEEE Standard for the Functional Verification Language e. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEELicensee=N
21、ASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/20/2007 09:46:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved v The e syntax is extendable with a powerful macro capability. This combination of concepts caters directly to t
22、he needs of verification engineers, removing the need to cobble together multiple components in different languages. As with any programming language, the source of ingenuity is with the programmer. Verification engineers need sound methodologies, creativity, an inquisitive mind, and a keen eye for
23、poorly specified aspects. Yet experience with e shows that when put to good use, the e language fosters productivity and quality results. Notice to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errat
24、a/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard ma
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