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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5834-3: 1985 Surface boxes, guards and underground chambers for gas and waterworks purposes Part 3: Specification for large surface boxes UDC 621.646 758:628.1 + 662.76 (23) Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
2、 BS 5834-3:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 October 1985 BSI 03-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Co
3、mmittee reference RDB/37 Draft for comment 84/10204 DC ISBN 0 580 14306 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road Engineering Standards Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committee RDB/37, upon which the following bodies were re
4、presented: British Foundry Association British Gas Corporation British Plastics Federation British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Steel Industry Clay Pipe Development Association Limited Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Me
5、chanical Engineers Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists Ironfoundries National Association Metal Trades Organizations National Clayware Federation Severn Trent Water Authority Water Companies Association Coopted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licen
6、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Materials1 4Design features2 5Manufacture and workmanship3 6Coatings5 7Grading6 8
7、Designations6 9Design loads6 10Quality control tests6 11Marking6 Appendix A Loading tests8 Appendix B Optional items to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser8 Figure 1 Keyway dimensions4 Figure 2 Typical section of composite frame5 Figure 3 Protection of inner surfaces of steel tray6
8、Figure 4 Test load positions for double triangle covers10 Figure 5 Test load positions for rectangular covers11 Table 1 Maximum total chloride content2 Table 2 Minimum dimensions of frames3 Table 3 Design loads and quality control test loads7 Publications referred to12 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun she
9、ffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 5834 has been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Committee. With the replacement of BS 1185 and BS 1426 or b) ductile iron (spheroidal graph
10、ite iron or nodular graphite iron) complying with grades 450/10, 500/7, 600/3 or 700/2 of BS 2789:1985, as selected by the manufacturer to suit the design and dimensions of the unit. 3.3 Fabricated steel units The material used for fabricated steel units shall comply with BS 1449 or BS 4360. 3.4 Rei
11、nforced concrete units 3.4.1 General. Reinforced concrete covers shall not be permitted for grade A or grade B boxes. 3.4.2 Minimum concrete grade. The minimum concrete grade shall be C30 as defined in BS 5328. 3.4.3 Minimum cement content. The minimum cement content shall be 300 kg/m3. NOTEThe purc
12、haser should state on his order or enquiry whether sulphate resistance is required and if possible the concentration of sulphates expected in the ground in which the units are to be placed. Where the concentration of sulphates is high additional cement may be required. 3.4.4 Cement. The cement used
13、shall be one of the following: a) ordinary and rapid-hardening Portland cement complying with BS 12; b) ordinary and rapid-hardening Portland cement complying with BS 12 when used in conjunction with: 1) ground granulated blast-furnace slag1); 2) pulverized-fuel ash complying with BS 3892-1; c) Port
14、land blast-furnace cement complying with BS 146; d) sulphate-resisting Portland cement complying with BS 4027. 3.4.5 Aggregates. The aggregates shall comply with BS 882, BS 1047 or BS 3892-2 except that the gradings may be modified to suit the manufacturing processes. 1) A British Standard for groun
15、d blast-furnace slag is in preparation. Until its publication ground blast-furnace slag in accordance with Agrment Certificate 82/1023 is suitable. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 2 BSI 03-1999 The maximum size
16、 of the aggregate shall not exceed the least of the following: a) 20 mm; b) three-quarters of the minimum space between reinforcing bars; c) the nominal cover to the reinforcement minus 5 mm. 3.4.6 Admixtures. Admixtures, where used, shall comply with BS 5075-1. 3.4.7 Chloride content. The total chl
17、oride content of the concrete mix arising from the aggregate together with that from any admixtures and any other source shall not exceed the limits given in Table 1, expressed as a percentage relationship between chloride ion and mass of cement in the mix. Table 1 Maximum total chloride content 3.4
18、.8 Reinforcement. All reinforcing steel used in concrete units shall comply with BS 4449, BS 4461, BS 4482 and BS 4483 as appropriate. Reinforcement shall be free from loose rust, scale, oil, grease or other deleterious matter. 3.4.9 Water. Water shall be clean and free from harmful matter in such q
19、uantities as would affect the properties of the concrete in plastic or hardened state. (See Appendix A of BS 3148:1980.) 3.5 Composite frames The materials used in the construction of composite frames shall comply with 3.2 and 3.4 or 3.3 and 3.4. 3.6 Fasteners Bolts or studs supplied for loosely cou
20、pling separate sections of covers shall comply with BS 4190 and shall not be smaller than M12. If other fasteners are supplied they shall be of steel or ductile iron and shall have cross sections of not less than 100 mm2 for boxes of 380 mm 230 mm and 450 mm 300 mm designated openings and not less t
21、han 140 mm2 for larger openings. 4 Design features 4.1 Shape and size Large surface boxes shall be nominally rectangular in plan, and the frames shall comply with the requirements for minimum clear opening, depth and bedding width given in Table 2. NOTE 1The actual dimensions may be determined by th
22、e manufacturer. When assembled, the top of the cover shall be flush with the top of the frame. NOTE 2A raised pattern may stand proud of the frame. 4.2 Displacement by traffic The design of surface boxes shall be such that the covers will not be displaced by traffic. 4.3 Drainage and skid resistance
23、 Covers shall be self-draining and metal covers shall have a raised pattern, e.g. chequers, to enhance skid resistance. 4.4 Prising slots At least one prising slot per cover element shall be provided to facilitate loosening of the cover. The dimensions of the prising slots shall be mm wide mm long m
24、easured on the upper surface. 4.5 Keyways At least one keyway, either open or closed, and complying with the dimensions shown in Figure 1 shall be incorporated in each cover element for lifting purposes. The larger size of keyway shall be provided in grade A and B covers. In grade C covers the keywa
25、y shall be either the smaller or larger whichever is appropriate to the design and mass of the cover. NOTEThe purchaser should specify in his enquiry and/or order if open or closed keyways are required. Type or use of concreteMaximum total chloride content expressed as percentage of chloride ion by
26、mass of cement Heat-cured concrete Concrete made with cement complying with BS 4027 Concrete containing embedded metal and made with cement complying with BS 12, BS 146 or combinations with slag or pulverized-fuel ash 0.1 0.2 0.40 for 95 % of test results with no result greater than 0.50 NOTEMarine
27、aggregates and some inland aggregates contain chlorides. Both should be selected carefully. Wherever possible, the total chloride content should be calculated from the mix proportions and the measured chloride content of each of the constituents. 10 5+ 2 35 10+ 5 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffield
28、un, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 BSI 03-19993 Table 2 Minimum dimensions of frames 4.6 Clearance The maximum clearance between the cover and its frame shall be 3 mm all round, with a further 3 mm maximum clearance between cover elements. 4.7 Coupl
29、ing of cover elements Where cover elements are to be loosely coupled, fasteners shall be provided with means to prevent the elements being tightened together (see 3.6). 4.8 Composite frames The metal component shall be set in the concrete surround to comply with the dimensions shown in Figure 2. NOT
30、ESee Appendix B regarding the shape of the base of composite frames. 4.9 Non-rock feature Grade A units shall incorporate a permanent non-rock feature, to prevent rocking between the cover and frame. 4.10 Cover to reinforcement In reinforced concrete units the concrete cover to the reinforcing steel
31、 shall be not less than 20 mm. NOTEWhen the cover is in the form of a steel tray filled with concrete and incorporating reinforcing bars, this requirement does not apply at the tray surface or to the exposed tray surface. 4.11 Edge protection to concrete Reinforced concrete covers shall be provided
32、with continuous cast iron or steel perimeters, for the purpose of protecting the cover edges and seating areas. The minimum thickness of perimeters shall be 5 mm for cast iron and 2 mm for steel and they shall be so formed that the edge-protecting element and the seating-protecting element are integ
33、rally combined, i.e. they shall be continuously and structurally joined. The minimum thickness for the perimeter of the reinforced concrete covers shall also apply to metal elements in composite frames. 5 Manufacture and workmanship 5.1 Cast iron units All units shall be cleanly cast and shall be fr
34、ee from air holes, sand holes, cold shuts and chill. They shall be neatly dressed and carefully fettled. All castings shall be free from voids, whether due to shrinkage, gas inclusions or other causes. 5.2 Fabricated steel units The joints in fabricated steel units shall be formed, welded or riveted
35、 to provide a firm and rigid assembly that is free from distortion. All weld slag, burrs and sharp edges shall be removed. When assembled, covers shall sit in their frames without twist or deformation. If temporary retaining straps are provided for the frame, these shall be fitted in a manner that a
36、llows easy removal after the frame has been fixed in position. 5.3 Reinforced concrete units 5.3.1 Manufacture during cold weather. No material that has been exposed to temperatures below 0 C shall be used until it is completely thawed. The temperature of moulds shall be higher than 0 C. Concrete an
37、d composite units shall be protected from frost for at least 48 h after casting. Clear openingaOverall depthBedding width Grade AGrade BGrade CGrade AGrade BGrade C NCPbCPcNCPbCPcNCPbCPc mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 380 230 430 280 600 450 600 600 900 600 1200 600 100 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 150 150
38、 150 75 75 75 75 75 75 125 125 125 125 125 125 40 40 40 40 65 65 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 50 75 75 75 75 50 50 75 75 75 75 40 40 40 40 60 60 a Intrusions into the minimum clear opening area are permitted at the corners provided that each intrusion does not exceed 1 600 mm2 for 380 230 and 430 280
39、sizes and 3 800 mm2 for larger sizes. If intermediate cover-supports are required for clear openings of 900 mm 600 mm and 1 200 mm 600 mm, these are permitted provided that the area of each intrusion is not greater than 7 600 mm2 (i.e. 2 3 800 mm2). b NCP = non-composite (i.e. cast iron or fabricate
40、d steel). c CP = composite. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 4 BSI 03-1999 Figure 1 Keyway dimensions Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS
41、 5834-3:1985 BSI 03-19995 5.3.2 Freedom from burrs. Reinforced concrete units shall be free from burrs. 5.4 Composite frames The finished level of the concrete surround shall be flush with the top of the metal component. 6 Coatings 6.1 Coating of grey iron and ductile iron units Grey iron and ductil
42、e iron units shall be supplied as either: a) uncoated; or b) units shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried before being given a short-term coating of one of the following: 1) hot applied coal tar coating material complying with BS 4164: type 1 or type 2 material; or 2) cold applied black bitumen solut
43、ion complying with BS 3416: type 1 or type 2 material, except that other solvents to accelerate the drying properties of the coating may be substituted; or 3) hot applied bitumen based coating material complying with and applied in accordance with BS 4147 for type 1 grade C material. NOTE 1The choic
44、e of material and method of coating in respect of 1), 2) and 3) above, is at the option of the manufacturer. NOTE 2Units are normally supplied in the coated state unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. 6.2 Protection of fabricated steel units Fabricated steel units shall be protected against c
45、orrosion by either hot dip galvanizing complying with BS 729, or zinc spraying complying with BS 2569-1. If zinc sprayed, a minimum thickness of zinc coating of 75 4m shall be provided for steel sections of from 2 mm up to less than 5 mm thick, and 150 4m minimum thickness in the case of steel secti
46、ons from 5 mm thick upwards. 6.3 Reinforced concrete covers Steel edge protection strips shall be protected against corrosion, before concreting, by hot dip galvanizing complying with BS 729 or by zinc spraying complying with BS 2569-1. If zinc sprayed, a minimum thickness of zinc coating of 75 4m s
47、hall be provided for steel sections of from 2 mm up to less than 5 mm thick, and 150 4m minimum thickness in the case of steel sections from 5 mm thick upwards. Where the cover is in the form of a steel tray filled with concrete, the steel shall be protected by either method but the coating on the i
48、nner surfaces shall be a minimum of 20 mm from the exposed edges, measured in the horizontal direction (see Figure 3). Figure 2 Typical section of composite frame Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:22:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5834-3:1985 6 BSI 03-1999 7
49、 Grading Surfaces boxes shall be graded as follows. 8 Designations Surface boxes shall be designated by the dimensions of the clear opening and the grade, e.g. 380 230 A. 9 Design loads All units, irrespective of material, shall be capable of withstanding the appropriate design loads specified in Table 3 applied in any position wholly within the clear opening area, when tested in accordance with the method described in Appendix A. Surface boxes with composite frames shall be tested according to the material used
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