BS-6043-4.11-1991.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6043-4.11: 1991 Methods of sampling and test for Carbonaceous materials used in aluminium manufacture Part 4: Cold ramming pastes Section 4.11 Determination of the thermal expansion of baked rammed paste NOTEIt is recommended that this Section be read in conjunction with the gene
2、ral information in BS 6043-4.0, published separately. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 14:36:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6043-4.11:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Policy Committee, was publishe
3、d under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 30 September 1991 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CIC/24 Draft for comment 90/54851 DC ISBN 0 580 19952 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The prepa
4、ration of this British Standard was entrusted by the Chemicals Standards Policy Committee (CIC/-) to Technical Committee CIC/24, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation British Ceramic Research Ltd. Chemical Industries Association Institute of Petroleum Refractories As
5、sociation of Great Britain Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 14:36:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6043-4.11:1991 BSI 10-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Pri
6、nciple1 3Apparatus1 4Sampling1 5Preparation of test sample1 6Procedure1 7Calculation and expression of results3 8Test report3 Figure 1 Thermal expansion apparatus2 Publication(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Wed Dec 06 14:36:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled
7、 Copy, (c) BSI BS 6043-4.11:1991 ii BSI 10-1999 Foreword This Section of BS 6043 has been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Policy Committee to provide a method of test for cold ramming pastes used in the production of aluminium. There is no corresponding International Standard
8、; however, it is intended, upon publication of this Section of BS 6043, that it be offered to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for possible adoption as an International Standard. It is essential to use BS 1902-5.3 and BS 6043-4.1, BS 6043-4.6 and BS 6043-4.7 in conjunction wi
9、th this Section of BS 6043. This standard describes a method of test only, and should not be used or quoted as a specification defining the characteristics of a product. Reference to this Section should indicate that the method of test used is in accordance with BS 6043-4.11:1991. A British Standard
10、 does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an
11、inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na,
12、Wed Dec 06 14:36:25 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 6043-4.11:1991 BSI 10-19991 1 Scope This Section of BS 6043 describes a method for the measurement of the reversible linear thermal expansion of test pieces prepared from baked rammed cold ramming paste used in aluminium manufacture.
13、NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Principle A baked test piece of known dimensions is produced from a test sample of the cold ramming paste by compaction under regulated conditions followed by baking according to a defined programm
14、e. A thermal expansion test piece, of standard dimensions, is cut from the baked test piece then heated at a specified uniform rate and its change in length and temperature measured, either continuously or at regular and frequent intervals during heating. The thermal expansion relative to the length
15、 at ambient temperature is calculated for the temperature of the thermal expansion test piece and the results are either plotted as a graph or expressed as a mean coefficient of expansion for a given temperature range. 3 Apparatus 3.1 Ordinary laboratory apparatus, and the apparatus described in 3.2
16、 to 3.4. 3.2 Ramming apparatus, and the other apparatus described in clause 4 of BS 6043-4.7:1991. 3.3 Thermal expansion apparatus, described in clause 5 of BS 1902-5.3:1990 modified as shown in Figure 1 to allow continuous purging of the furnace with inert gas. 3.4 A supply of inert gas, e.g. oxyge
17、n-free nitrogen, to prevent oxidation of the thermal expansion test piece at temperatures up to 1 100 C, with means for controlling and measuring the flow rate. 4 Sampling Prepare a representative laboratory sample of cold ramming paste in accordance with BS 6043-4.1. 5 Preparation of test sample Pr
18、epare a test sample from the laboratory sample (see clause 4) by the method described in 7.1 and 7.3 of BS 6043-4.7:1991. 6 Procedure 6.1 Preparation of baked test piece Prepare a rammed test piece by ramming the test sample (see clause 5) by the procedure described in 8.2 of BS 6043-4.7:1991 using
19、the ramming apparatus (3.2). If the cold ramming paste requires pre-curing before being baked, pre-cure the test piece in accordance with 8.3 of BS 6043-4.7:1991. Bake the rammed test piece in accordance with 8.4 of BS 6043-4.7:1991. NOTEA baked test piece prepared as described in 6.1 may first be u
20、sed for the determination of electrical resistivity by the method described in BS 6043-4.8. 6.2 Preparation of thermal expansion test pieces Cut the baked test piece (see 6.1) to produce a minimum of three thermal expansion test pieces of length 75 2 mm and cross-sectional dimension either 10 2 mm s
21、quare or 10 2 mm in diameter. Carefully place the thermal expansion test pieces in an oven controlled at 110 5 C for 2 h then allow them to cool to ambient temperature in a desiccator. Weigh the test pieces to the nearest 0.001 g, then repeat the operations of heating for 2 h at 110 5 C, cooling and
22、 weighing until consecutive weighings do not differ by more than 0.01 g. Store the thermal expansion test pieces in the desiccator until required. 6.3 Determination 6.3.1 Connect the supply of inert gas (3.4) to the inlet tube on the thermal expansion apparatus (3.3). 6.3.2 Calibrate the apparatus (
23、3.3) by the method described in clause 7 of BS 1902-5.3:1990 whilst purging the apparatus with the inert gas (3.4) at a flow rate of 100 mL/min, at normal temperature and pressure, after the insertion of the test piece of reference material. NOTEThe calibration procedure described in 6.3.2 should be
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