BS-5703-1-1980.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5703-1: 1980 Guide to Data analysis and quality control using cusum techniques Part 1: Introduction to cusum charting UDC 519.244.8:658.562.012.7 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:39:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5703-1:1980 This British
2、 Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Quality Management and Statistics Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board and comes into effect on 29 February 1980 BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee
3、 reference QMS/1 Draft for comment 77/50981 DC ISBN 0 580 11031 1 Cooperating organizations The Quality Management and Statistics Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and professional and
4、industrial organizations: Confederation of British Industry Consumers Association Electronic Engineering Association Institute of Cost and Management Accountants Institute of Quality Assurance* Institute of Statisticians* Institution of Electrical Engineers Institution of Production Engineers* Minis
5、try of Defence* National Council for Quality and Reliability National Terotechnology Centre The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Association of Pub
6、lic Analysts British Paper and Board Industry Federation (PIF) Chemical Industries Association Department of Industry (National Engineering Laboratory) Economist Intelligence Unit Limited Electronic Components Industry Federation Institute of Petroleum Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Nat
7、ional Coal Board Post Office Royal Statistical Society University of Birmingham University of Essex Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 3734August 1982Indicated by a sideline in the margin Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:39:17 GMT+00:00 2006, U
8、ncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5703-1:1980 BSI 01-2000i Contents Page Cooperating organizationsInside front cover Forewordiii Section 1. General 0Introduction1 1Scope and general principles5 2References6 3Symbols and terminology7 Section 2. Preparations for cusum charting 4Notation8 5Choice of target
9、value (T)9 6Types of variation10 7Measures of variation11 8Scaling the chart12 9Worked example13 Section 3. Presentation and interpretation 10Check list of cusum preliminaries15 11Presentation16 12Choice of chart origin16 13Calculation of local averages16 14Replotting the cusum chart18 15Examples of
10、 replotting and calculation of local averages18 16Interpretation and diagnosis25 17Worked example: control of departmental expenditure25 Appendix A Interpretation and diagnosis of artificially generated series27 Appendix B Measures of variation33 Appendix C Summary of formulae39 Appendix D Manhattan
11、 diagrams40 Figure 1 Conventional chart of data from Table 13 Figure 2 Cusum chart of data from Table 13 Figure 3 Cusum chart of data from Table 1 with target value 124 Figure 4 Cusum chart of data from Table 1 with target value 15 but compressed cusum scale4 Figure 5 Cusum chart for data of Table 1
12、 using plotting convention of 8.213 Figure 6 Standardized cusum chart. Data of Table 115 Figure 7 Construction of cusum protractor (slope guide)17 Figure 8 Cusum chart of productivity data (Table 3)21 Figure 9 Replotted cusum chart22 Figure 10 Cusum chart for data of Table 424 Figure 11 Replotted cu
13、sum chart for data of Table 424 Figure 12 Cusum chart of administration expenditure on outside clerical and punching bureaux26 Figure 13 Conventional chart of typical normal series = 0, = 129 Figure 14 Cusum chart of typical normal series T = 0, ( = 0, = 1)29 Figure 15 Conventional chart of negative
14、 exponential observations ( = 1, = 1)30 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:39:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5703-1:1980 ii BSI 01-2000 Page Figure 16 Cusum chart of negative exponential observations (T = 1, = 1, = 1)30 Figure 17 Conventional chart of normall
15、y distributed data with changes in mean31 Figure 18 Cusum chart of normally distributed data with changes in mean T = 0, = 131 Figure 19 Conventional chart of normal series with trend of 0.05 per sample intervals32 Figure 20 Cusum chart of normal series with trend of 0.05 per sample intervals T = 0,
16、 = 132 Figure 21 Conventional charts of normal series with various serial correlations35 Figure 22 Cusum charts of normal series with various serial correlations T = 0, = 136 Figure 23 Conventional charts of normal series with various values of 37 Figure 24 Cusum charts of normal series with various
17、 values of 37 Figure 25 Conventional chart of normal series with outliers38 Figure 26 Cusum chart of normal series with outliers38 Figure 27 Cusum chart with Manhattan diagram40 Table 1 Data for cusum plotting2 Table 2 Data from Table 1 standardized on estimate of 2.05 for e14 Table 3 Textile proces
18、s productivity data20 Table 4 Strength data for plastics material23 Table 5 Factors for converting mean range to an estimate of standard deviation34 Publications referred toInside back cover R/dn= Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:39:17 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)
19、BSI BS 5703-1:1980 BSI 01-2000iii Foreword It was originally intended that this British Standard should form part of an overall revision of British Standards relating to statistical quality control techniques. However, cusum methods have found applications in fields beyond that of quality control in
20、 manufacturing, (e.g. management, government administration, medical science, marketing, commerce, etc.) and comments on the draft standard revealed interest in a more general document. This Part of the standard represents an attempt to meet this demand, and is intended as an introduction to the pri
21、nciples of cusum procedures, and charting. Part 1 outlines the basic presentation of the cusum method. Part 2 details decision rules, significance tests for retrospective analysis of accumulated data, and contains a variety of applications of cusum charting, some concerned mainly with data presentat
22、ion, some with monitoring in quality or budgetary control, and others with retrospective analysis. Part 31) deals with applications of cusum methods to process and quality control by measurement. The techniques cover control of both average level and variability, and may be implemented using charts,
23、 tabulations or computers. They are especially appropriate when location of change points and estimation of the corrections required to bring the process on to target are desirable features of the control system. Part 41) deals with control of counts of defectives. Acknowledgement is made to the Dep
24、artment of Statistics and Computer Science, University College London, and Cambridge University Press for material, reproduced by permission, from Random Normal Deviates by H Wold published as Tracts for Computers, No. XXV, 1954; to the authors of papers in the statistical journals whose work has be
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