《BS-5502-30-1992.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《BS-5502-30-1992.pdf(12页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5502-30: 1992 Buildings and structures for agriculture Part 30: Code of practice for control of infestation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5502-30:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under
2、 the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering (B/-), was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 28 February 1992 BSI 06-1999 First published as BS 5502-1.7, January 1978 Second edition as BS 5502-30 February 1992 The following
3、BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/549 Draft for comment 90/ 16410 DC ISBN 0 580 20451 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering (B/
4、-) to Technical Committee B/549, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Cement Association British Commercial Glasshouse Manufacturers Association British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Veterinary Association Department of Agriculture Northern Ireland Farm and Rural Buil
5、dings Centre Farm Buildings Association Health and Safety Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Scottish Office (Agriculture and Fisheries Department)
6、Silsoe Research Institute Steel Construction Institute Transport and General Workers Union Water Services Association of England and Wales Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
7、SI BS 5502-30:1992 BSI 06-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Foreword ii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3General1 4Legislation2 5Preventative measures2 6Design considerations2 7Specific building types3 Index5 Publication(s) referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun she
8、ffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5502-30:1992 ii BSI 06-1999 Foreword This Part of BS 5502 has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering. It is a revision of BS 5502-1.7:1978, which is withdrawn.
9、While BS 5502 is being revised and added to, the opportunity is being taken to restructure the standard into the following broad subject areas: Part 0: Introduction and consolidated index; Parts 10 to 19: Reference information and legislation; Parts 20 to 39: General design; Parts 40 to 59: Livestoc
10、k buildings; Parts 60 to 79: Crop buildings; Parts 80 to 99: Ancillary buildings. More specifically, the general design series will comprise: Part 20: Code of practice for general design considerations; Part 21: Code of practice for selection and use of construction materials; Part 22: Code of pract
11、ice for design, construction and loading; Part 23: Code of practice for fire precautions; Part 25: Code of practice for services and facilities; Part 30: Code of practice for control of infestation; Part 31: Guide to waste management; Part 32: Guide to noise attenuation; Part 33: Guide to control of
12、 odour pollution. A more detailed description of the new structure is given in Part 0. The object of introducing the new structure is to allow subject areas to be broadly characterized, and related subject matter, whether in the form of recommendations, guidance or supporting data to be rationalized
13、 and brought together. It will also allow sufficient flexibility to enable BS 5502 to be expanded and developed in a logical way in the future. Parts 20 to 39 will follow broadly the existing structure of BS 5502-1.0 to BS 5502-1.7. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that t
14、he execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose guidance it has been prepared. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
15、 Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and m
16、ay have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5502-30:1992 BSI 06-19991 1 Scope This Part of BS 5502 gives recommendations on
17、the precautions that need to be taken to protect agricultural buildings and structures from infestation and damage by pests, such as rodents, birds and insects. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the definitions given in BS 6100 apply. 3 General 3.1 General Pest entry into buil
18、dings should be prevented and internal structures (including machinery) should be designed to deny pest harbourage, to reduce the risk of infestation and improve the ease of treating any infestation that does develop. However, it should be accepted that many pest species will still be able to gain a
19、ccess and efforts should concentrate on reducing the availability of favourable conditions for breeding in the internal structure. There are generally three main requirements for successful breeding, namely food, warmth, and shelter. Improved design and construction should help to reduce the risk of
20、 infestation developing. 3.2 Type of damage Consideration should be given to pest species that may cause direct damage to agricultural buildings and structures by eating or gnawing certain materials, fouling or vomiting. They can be responsible for the introduction or transfer of disease organism to
21、 humans and animals. They may also distress occupants by their presence, produce foul odours and damage the structural integrity of the building. 3.3 Damage caused by particular pests 3.3.1 Birds A number of bird species are associated with buildings, as a habitat, a place of shelter and a source of
22、 food. When present, the following problems may be caused. a) Birds can be a general nuisance and cause possible distress to staff. b) Species, including starlings, pigeons and gulls, may carry a range of pathogenic organisms including Salmonella, typhus, Escherichia and coliform bacteria, as well a
23、s various viruses and parasites. Transmissible gastro-enteritis (TGE) of pigs can be transferred from farm to farm on the feet of birds. c) The presence of contaminated bird droppings presents a major health hazard in grain stores, food stores and animal units. Fouled packaging and products in infes
24、ted units may lead to marketing problems. d) Birds may cause direct damage by pecking at packaging or eating consumable raw materials or finished products. 3.3.2 Rodents Two main rodent species are frequently associated with agricultural buildings: the common rat (Rattus norvegicus) and the house mo
25、use (Mus domesticus). Both rodent species can cause damage to storage structures and their contents in the following ways. a) As compulsive “gnawers” they can damage a number of building materials and fittings, including wood, insulation material, plastic pipes and wire cable. This may result in flo
26、oding, fires, equipment failure and damage to insulation, rendering buildings unfit for their purpose. b) Rats and mice will also eat and foul a number of stored products, presenting a health hazard. c) Rats can carry a number of bacteria, including leptospira that causes an illness known as Weils D
27、isease, which can affect humans. The disease swine dysentery in pigs can be carried by rats and mice. 3.3.3 Insects Insect species may cause the following problems in agricultural buildings. a) In grain stores, loss of quality in stored cereals can result from attack by beetles, mites, moths and oth
28、er invertebrates. b) In building structures, wooden components and insulation can be attacked by timber pests which, over a long period of time, can cause structural damage. c) Insects can carry a number of pathogens, including Salmonella and the Gumboro virus. d) Flies have been shown to carry worm
29、 eggs from farm to farm, transferring parasitic infections to livestock. 3.3.4 Others Consideration should be given to the damage that may be caused by other animal species to agricultural building structures or their contents. These include foxes and mink which may attack poultry and pig units, bad
30、gers which may spread tuberculosis, and predatory birds and mammals, which can penetrate the defences of fish farms. Squirrels gaining access to roof spaces can damage wiring and plumbing. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5
31、502-30:1992 2 BSI 06-1999 4 Legislation Legislation requires certain premises to be maintained pest free. Attention is drawn to the need to control vermin under the Poultry Laying Flocks (Testing and Registration) Order of 1989 to control vermin. Under the Poultry Laying Flocks (Collection and Handl
32、ing of Eggs and Control of Vermin) Order 1989 it is an offence to allow wild birds and vermin to be present where eggs from a production unit are stored. Similarly, the Food Act (1974) amended by the Food Safety Act (1990) requires certain premises to be maintained pest free. The Wildlife and Countr
33、yside Act 1981 gives certain species of pests protected status. The control method employed to eradicate certain pests may require a special licence. 5 Preventative measures 5.1 Damage may be prevented, or reduced to an acceptable level, by one or a number of physical or chemical measures. Physical
34、control measures might include improving hygiene to remove food sources; trapping pests to cull the pest population; or physically preventing their access to high-risk areas of a building. Features to prevent access by pests or to facilitate access for cleaning should be incorporated at design and c
35、onstruction stages. 5.2 Once pests are established inside an agricultural building, their control and elimination can be a complex exercise. It should be remembered that a number of “pest” species enjoy at least some form of protection by law, and that the use of chemical control measures should onl
36、y be encouraged when physical measures are likely to be ineffective. 6 Design considerations 6.1 Siting 6.1.1 Careful consideration should be given to siting (see BS 5502-20). In particular the following factors may affect the level of infestation: a) soil type; b) the water table; and c) proximity
37、to hedges and earth banks. 6.1.2 Consideration should be given to fly infestation that may result where agricultural units are erected on wet areas, especially where the construction does not include an impervious floor covering. 6.2 Site preparation Populations of any pest species present on the co
38、nstruction site should be assessed and control programmes should be initiated as appropriate. Potential harbourages and any noxious waste found in disused cesspits or other patches of soft earth should be removed and the cavities filled with sound, hard and well-compacted material. Disused drains, s
39、ewers and water pipes should be disconnected and sealed with solid fillings, as provided for in the Public Health Act 1961. 6.3 Site management precautions Particular care should be taken to reduce the risk of infestation during the construction period. Precautions should be taken to prevent rodents
40、 taking refuge in, around, and beneath temporary structures, particularly where food is available in mess huts and kitchens. Any infestation which occurs during construction should be dealt with. 6.4 Materials and construction 6.4.1 General Care should be taken in the choice of materials to avoid da
41、mage from pests and to prevent the use of materials for nesting or refuge, especially with insulation materials (see BS 5502-21). While not being able to completely prevent access, the use of protective cladding and physical barriers should significantly reduce the risk of infestation. 6.4.2 Rodents
42、 and birds 6.4.2.1 All pipes and ducts, particularly those passing through foundations and walls below or near ground level, should have openings sealed against rat and mouse entry. Over-site concrete and concrete floors at or below ground level should join the enclosing wall. Any pipes or ducts pas
43、sing through the concrete should be sealed into the surface. Open ends of sewers, drains, ducts and downpipes should be temporarily sealed during the construction period until they are brought into use. Manhole covers should be kept in position, except when work is being carried out below. Where pra
44、cticable, back inlet gullies and waste receivers should be used. 6.4.2.2 Dimensions in grids and air bricks in outside walls which exceed 6 mm should be protected by an external wire mesh, with openings less than 6 mm. The need to prevent the entry of pests may conflict with the need to ventilate or
45、 gain access to buildings. Where the entry of pests is a particular problem the following measures may be required. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 14:40:34 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5502-30:1992 BSI 06-19993 Fly screens should be used over all openings to
46、prevent the entry of winged invertebrates. To prevent birds entering crop stores or animal units, all ventilation openings should be protected with wire mesh screens, with openings less than 12 mm. Where large entrances are open for vehicular access, proofing strips of heavy-duty clear polyvinyl chl
47、oride (PVC) may be suspended across the entrance to restrict the entry of birds. 6.4.2.3 To reduce the risk of rodent entry into agricultural buildings, the following proofing measures should be considered: a) the fitting of 300 mm high, 20-gauge steel kicking plates at the bottom of entrance doors;
48、 b) applying gloss paint in smooth horizontal bands 150 mm in height and 900 mm from the ground; c) fitting guards, either pointing upwards, cone-shaped or flat, projecting a minimum of 225 mm all round drainpipes and structures where access is to be denied; d) ensuring that foundations are sufficie
49、ntly deep, greater than 600 mm, to prevent rodents entering by burrowing from outside the building. 6.4.2.4 To reduce the risk of damage to internal fittings if proofing is breached by rodents, pipes and cable should be routed so that they are inaccessible to rats and mice. When this is not possible they should be protected with rodent-proof casings or conduits. Cavity walls, including hollow blocks, should have the cavity sealed against rodent entry by mortar laid on strips of expanded metal or by a course of slates or tiles bedded in mortar. 6.4.2
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3772206.html