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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5617:1985 Specification for Urea-formaldehyde (UF) foam systems suitable for thermal insulation of cavity walls with masonry or concrete inner and outer leaves UDC 678.6524121:692.232.2:699.86 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontr
2、olled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5617:1985 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 July 1985 BSI 07-1999 First published August 1978 First revision July 1985 The follo
3、wing BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PLM/46 Draft for comment 85/35764 DC ISBN 0 580 14652 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Plastics Standards Committee (PLM/-) to Technical Commit
4、tee PLM/46, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Component Manufacturers Ltd. Brick Development Association British Board of Agrment British Plastics Federation British Rigid Urethane Foam Manufacturers Association British Urethane Foam Contractors Association (B
5、UFCA) Calcium Silicate Brick Association Limited Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment Fire Research Station) Department of the Environment (Housing and Constr
6、uction Industries) Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Fire Offices Committee Flat Roofing Contractors Advisory Board Greater London Council Institute of Refrigeration Minist
7、ry of Defence National Cavity Insulation Association National Coal Board National Federation of Roofing Contractors National House-building Council Phenolic Foam Manufacturers Association Royal Institute of British Architects Shipowners Refrigerated Cargo Research Association Structural Insulation A
8、ssociation The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Building Employers Confederation Eurisol (UK) Association of Manufacturers of Mineral Insulation Fibres Welwyn Hall Research Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. N
9、o.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5617:1985 BSI 07-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 0Introduction1 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Property requirements1 4Processing requ
10、irements2 5Shelf-life limitations of foam system components3 Appendix A Method for determination of effective density4 Appendix B Method for determination of linear shrinkage4 Appendix C Method for determination of water absorption5 Appendix D Method for determination of wet density5 Appendix E Meth
11、od for determination of foam system gel time6 Appendix F Method for determination of foam system stability7 Appendix G Method for determination of foam system appearance7 Appendix H Method for determination of solid resin yield7 Appendix J Method for determination of free formaldehyde content of UF
12、resin7 Appendix K Method for determination of water tolerance of UF resin8 Appendix L Method for determination of total acidity of foaming hardeners9 Appendix M Method for determination of resin viscosity by the break time method9 Figure 1 Test sample for effective density and shrinkage tests4 Figur
13、e 2 Determination of foam system gel time6 Table 1 Property requirements: type tests2 Table 2 Property requirements: quality control tests2 Table 3 Limiting values and permissible deviations for foam system components2 Table 4 UF resin: shelf-life limitations3 Table 5 Water tolerance conversion9 Pub
14、lications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5617:1985 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This revision of BS 5617, which has been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Committee, supersedes
15、 BS 5617:1978 which is withdrawn. The successful insulation of external cavity walls still relies on two standards, i.e. this standard, which specifies requirements for the foam systems which would be suitable for the application and the second standard, BS 5618 which is the code of practice used by
16、 the installation contractor to satisfactorily install suitable foam systems. Accordingly, BS 5617 addresses the interface between the foam system supplier and the installation contractor, and BS 5618 that between the installation contractor and his client. In this revision the foam systems have bee
17、n restricted to use in cavities with masonry or concrete inner and outer leaves, requirements relating to the activities of the installation contractor have been removed (and placed as recommendations in the revision of BS 5618), and the property requirements made more stringent. Attention is drawn
18、to the fact that the urea-formaldehyde resins used for foam system production have a limited shelf-life: during storage they will ultimately undergo changes and become unsuitable for use. It is therefore important that the manufacturers recommendations with regard to storage should be observed if th
19、e maximum storage life is to be obtained. Also foam systems differ according to the source of supply of the UF resin and the foaming hardener, and certain properties listed in Table 2 to Table 4 have therefore been given tolerances rather than specific values. A British Standard does not purport to
20、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, p
21、ages i and ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08
22、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5617:1985 BSI 07-19991 0 Introduction A urea-formaldehyde foam system is generated at the point of injection from a mixture of aqueous resin solution, aqueous foaming hardener solution and air. The resin and hardener solutions are supplied at controlled
23、rates to suitable foam system generating equipment from pressurized pots or by a pumping system. The foam system, which is fluid at the time of injection into the cavity, sets shortly afterwards by chemical reaction. This chemical reaction continues and simultaneously loss of residual water occurs b
24、y absorption by and subsequent evaporation from the wall to produce the final foam. Urea-formaldehyde foam systems complying with this standard have a fine, uniform, cellular structure which is vapour permeable. The foam is durable and has sufficient strength to be self-supporting in the cavity. Bec
25、ause chemical reactions are taking place during the foam system injection process, some variation in foam properties can occur due to differences in in situ operating conditions. Foam system tests are carried out on site prior to injection to ensure that the quality of the system to be injected comp
26、lies with this standard. These aspects are detailed in BS 5618. The thermal insulation is achieved by the foam restricting air circulation in the cavity and by limiting radiation losses without adding substantially to the conducted heat loss. Its performance is therefore primarily determined by the
27、extent to which the cavity is filled rather than by variations in the foam density. 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the property requirements, the properties of the components and the production parameters, of urea-formaldehyde foam systems suitable for injection into external masonry or con
28、crete cavity walls to provide improved thermal insulation. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply: 2.1 urea-formaldehyde (UF) foam an infusible cellul
29、ar matrix of cured urea-formaldehyde resin insoluble in water and other common solvents 2.2 urea-formaldehyde (UF) foam system a mixture of urea-formaldehyde resin, hardener, surfactant, water, air and water additives 2.3 foaming hardener a mixture of surface active agents and acids that enables a f
30、oam system to be produced by the introduction of air into an aqueous solution and will cause UF resin, when mixed into the foam system, to set to an insoluble, infusible matrix 2.4 cavity an air space between two leaves of an external wall 2.5 effective density (ED) the mass of a specified sample di
31、vided by its initial volume using the method described in Appendix A 2.6 declaration the document supplied by the foam system supplier to the purchaser or to any authorized testing or approvals organization, containing relevant details for the proper use of the foam system 3 Property requirements NO
32、TEThe quality of the foam system depends on the choice of components (see 4.1) and their method of application as declared by the foam system supplier (see 4.2). 3.1 Type tests The UF foam system shall be such that the foam produced, when tested in accordance with the methods given in Table 1, with
33、samples prepared in accordance with the declaration of the foam system supplier as specified in 4.2, shall comply with the property requirements also given in Table 1. The samples required for the type tests given in Table 1 shall be conditioned to constant mass, at 23 2 C and 63 5 % r.h., after bei
34、ng allowed to dry naturally for a period of three weeks. 3.2 Quality control tests NOTEDetails of when these tests are to be carried out are given in 6.5 of BS 5618:1985. When tested in accordance with the methods given in Table 2, with samples prepared in accordance with the declaration of the foam
35、 system supplier as specified in 4.2, the UF foam system shall comply with or, as appropriate, be such that the foam produced complies with the quality control requirements also given in Table 2. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) B
36、SI BS 5617:1985 2 BSI 07-1999 4 Processing requirements 4.1 Foam system components The application of the two foam system components, an aqueous solution of a urea-formaldehyde resin and an aqueous solution of a foaming hardener shall be as declared by the foam system supplier as specified in 4.2. T
37、he values of the properties given in Table 3 for the system components shall be declared for each foam system by the system supplier. The components shall then comply with the permissible deviations and limiting values given in Table 3. Table 1 Property requirements: type tests Table 2 Property requ
38、irements: quality control tests Table 3 Limiting values and permissible deviations for foam system components PropertyRequirementTest method Linear shrinkage, % max. Water absorption, kg/m2 max. Thermal conductivity, W/(mK) max. Resistance to microbial attack Ignitability Burning characteristicsa 8
39、2 0.035 No attack Class P Extent of burning not to exceed 125 mm Appendix B Appendix C Method 7 of BS 4370-2:1973 Method 3 of BS 1982:1968 BS 476-5 BS 4735 NOTE 1Because UF foam chars on contact with flame and emits little smoke, the presence of foam tends to reduce the risk of fire and smoke spread
40、 via the cavity. However, the use of UF cavity insulation does not affect requirements for the provision of cavity barriers. NOTE 2For design purposes an effective thermal conductivity value for UF foam installed in masonry cavity walls should be taken to be 0.04 W/(mK). This aspect is more fully di
41、scussed in Appendix J of BS 5618:1985. a CAUTION. The small scale laboratory test described in BS 4735:1974 is solely for assistance in monitoring consistency of production and is not for use as a means of assessing the potential fire hazard of a material in use. PropertyRequirements or limiting val
42、uesPermissible deviations Test method Effective density, kg/m3 Linear shrinkage, % max. Wet density, kg/m3 Gel time, s Foam stability Appearance Target value specified by the system supplier 10 Target value specified by the system supplier To be within the limits specified by the system supplier Doe
43、s not collapse Uniform, fine cellular structure 25 % 20 % Appendix A Appendix B Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G PropertyLimiting values and permissible deviations on declared values Test method UF resin: Solid resin yield, % m/m Density, g/mL Viscosity, mPas Free formaldehyde content, %
44、m/m Water tolerance, % V/V Foaming hardener: Total acidity, % m/m Surfactant concentration, % KOH m/m 2 1.5 % 30 % Between 0 and 1 100 2 10 Appendix H Use a hydrometer complying with BS 718 Method 1 of BS 5350-B8:1977 Appendix J Appendix K Appendix L To be specified by system supplier Licensed Copy:
45、 sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:18:08 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5617:1985 BSI 07-19993 4.2 Declaration The foam system supplier shall make a declaration for each foam system with respect to the following parameters. a) The dilution at which the UF resin is to be used
46、and the dilution procedure. b) The dilution at which the foaming hardener is to be used and the dilution procedure. c) The ratio to be used of the diluted UF resin to the diluted foaming hardener. d) Any water hardness limitations and the method of correction. e) The method of coping with variations
47、 in operating temperatures. f) The data required in Table 2, the values of the properties given in Table 3 and the usable limits as required in Table 4. 5 Shelf-life limitations of foam system components 5.1 UF resin NOTEThe urea-formaldehyde resins of the type used for foam system production have a
48、 limited shelf-life. During storage they undergo changes and will ultimately become unsuitable for use. The foam system supplier shall ensure that UF resins for use in UF foam systems specified by this standard shall remain usable for a period of 3 months when stored at temperatures up to 20 C. The
49、period shall be counted from the quality control release date and shall be stated for each container. To ensure that UF foam system quality is not affected by the ageing of the UF resin the foam system supplier shall define usable limits for the resins in respect of the properties given in Table 4. 5.2 Foaming hardener If there are shelf-life limitations on foaming hardener they shall be stated by the foam system supplier. Table 4 UF resin: shelf-life limitations PropertyUsable limitsTest method Maximum viscosity,
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