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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 I
2、CS 91.060.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Code of practice for Slating and tiling (including shingles) Part 1. Design Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 This Brit
3、ish Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1997 BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee refe
4、rence B/542/1 Draft for comment 93/106962 DC ISBN 0 580 27697 X Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/542, Roofing and cladding products for discon
5、tinuous laying, to Subcommittee B/542/1, Slating and tiling, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Engineers Association of British Roofing Felt Manufacturers Association of Building Component Manufacturers British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. Building Employe
6、rs Confederation Clay Roofing Tile Council Concrete Tile Manufacturers Association Department of the Environment (British Board of Agre ment) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Fibre Cement Manufacturers Association Health and Safety Executive Institute of Building Contr
7、ol Metal Cladding and Roofing Manufacturers Association National Federation of Roofing Contractors National House-building Council Natural Slate Quarries Association Royal Institute of British Architects Timber Research and Development Association Timber Trade Federation Union of Construction, Allie
8、d Trades and Technicians Wood Panel Industries Federation Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 BSI 1997i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Section 1. General 1.1Scope1 1.2Ref
9、erences1 1.3Definitions1 1.4Symbols1 Section 2. Materials, fitting and accessories 2.1Clay tiles and fittings (single and double lap)3 2.2Concrete tiles and fittings (single and double lap)3 2.3Fibre-cement slates and fittings3 2.4Natural slates and fittings3 2.5Bitumen shingles3 2.6Wooden shingles
10、and shakes3 2.7Metal tiles3 2.8Other tiles and artificial slates3 2.9Valley units (pre-formed)3 2.10 Roofing underlay3 2.11 Boarding, sheathing and sarking4 2.12 Battens and counterbattens4 2.13 Mechanical fixings5 2.14 Flashings and junctions6 2.15 Mortar7 2.16 Other fittings and accessories7 Secti
11、on 3. Design recommendations 3.1Definitions9 3.2Rain and snow resistance9 3.3Roof pitch, headlaps and sidelaps9 3.4Recommendations for minimum roof pitch, headlaps and sidelaps (roof)13 3.5Recommendations for minimum headlaps, sidelaps and overlaps for vertical walls (75 and above)15 3.6Structural s
12、tability16 3.7Durability31 3.8Thermal insulation32 3.9Control of condensation32 3.10 Fire33 3.11 Sound33 3.12 Environmental33 3.13 Health and safety34 Section 4. Design details 4.1General35 4.2Underlays37 4.3Battens38 4.4Double lap clay and concrete plain tiles39 4.5Single lap clay and concrete inte
13、rlocking tiles41 4.6Fibre cement slates43 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 ii BSI 1997 4.7Natural slates45 4.8Bitumen shingles47 4.9Wooden shingles and shakes48 4.10 Metal tiles49 4.11 Other tiles/artif
14、icial slates (non-traditional)50 4.12 Vertical slating, tiling and shingling50 4.13 Repairs and maintenance50 Annexes A(normative) Method of test for air permeability51 B(normative) Values of the uplift pressure reduction factor R54 C(normative) Method of test and requirements for wind uplift resist
15、ance of mechanical fixings (clips) for small rigid roofing elements55 D(normative) Worked examples of wind uplift and fixing calculations60 E(normative) Permissible characteristics and defects for timber battens and counterbattens67 F(informative) Recommended preservative treatment schedules for tim
16、ber battens (BS 5268 : Part 5)69 G(normative) Design of batten sizes by calculation69 H(normative) Example of structural design calculations for tilting battens70 J(normative) Method of test for determination of tensile adhesion strength of bedding mortars72 Tables 1Recommended timber batten sizes (
17、roofing and vertical work)5 2Recommended minimum headlaps and roof pitches and angles of creep for double lap natural, fibre cement and other artificial slates13 3Recommended minimum headlaps and roof pitches and minimum angles of creep for double lap natural, fibre cement and other artificial slate
18、s13 4Nail penetrations for fixing into timber against wind uplift22 5Mortar tensile adhesion strength St24 6Sand grading-envelopes grading classification of sands used for mortar samples24 7Spacing of nails and screws26 8Pressure difference coefficients (Cpt) for duopitch, hipped, and monopitch roof
19、s of clad rectangular buildings26 9Values of air permeability factor D for certain roof covering types laid with unsealed head and side laps30 10Values of roof substrate shielding factor S for calculating the wind uplift loads on roof coverings laid with unsealed head and side laps30 11Cpivalues app
20、licable in cases where the ceiling is permeable or absent30 12Recommended minimum widths of valley gutters for different roof pitches36 13Recommended headlaps for underlay37 A.1 Test sample layout52 B.1Values of the uplift pressure reduction factor R54 C.1Values of k57 F.1Preservative treatment sche
21、dules or immersion periods69 G.1Permissible short term load sharing bending stress for timber battens69 Figures 1Categories of exposure to driving rain10 2Laps and angles of creep for double lap products11 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled C
22、opy, (c) BSI BSI 1997iii BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 3Wind uplift loading on slates and tiles (including eaves and verge overhang)17 4Distances around obstructions27 5Key for Cptdata for duopitch and hipped roofs28 6Key for Cptdata for monopitch roofs29 7Valley with unbedded tiles or slates35 8Valley wi
23、th bedded tiles35 A.1 Arrangement of apparatus51 A.2 Plenum chamber arrangement for air permeability test53 C.1Example of arrangement of test apparatus for determination of clip strength56 C.2Example of hinged batten for supporting a clipped test tile58 C.3System of forces in an array of clipped til
24、es under uplift load59 D.1 Dimensions of a single lap tile described in example 260 D.2 Dimensions of a plain tile fixed as in example 562 D.3 Uplift forces, Ftrand Fhand the self weight acting on a ridge tile64 D.4 Restoring force provided by the mortar64 D.5 Dimension of double lap slating example
25、66 E.1Examples of knot configurations67 E.2Wane68 E.3Permissible depth of fissures68 E.4Permissible slope of grain68 E.5Permissible rate of growth68 H.1 Loads and bending moments on roof battens71 J.1Illustration of test strip selection from plain tile73 J.2Illustration of sample configuration at th
26、e time of testing73 List of references75 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv BSI 1997 BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/542/1. This Part of BS 5534 replaces BS 5534 : Pa
27、rt 1 : 1990 and BS 5534 : Part 2 : 1986, which are withdrawn. The standard was first published as CP 142 in September 1942, revised in January 1958 and April 1968 and converted into a metric version giving values in SI units in October 1971. It was first published as BS 5534 : Part 1 in April 1978.
28、This edition is a full revision of the standard and incorporates the following main changes. Clauses have been introduced to reflect the wider range of slating/tiling products now in use and to accommodate the requirements of the Construction Products Regulation 1991 1. Section 3, which deals with r
29、ecommendations for design, has been revised to reflect the new knowledge and experience on rain resistance and wind load resistance. Where reference is made to proprietary products and to manufacturers recommendations, the specifier should satisfy himself that these products and recommendations have
30、 been proven by relevant experience or relevant test method data based on the conditions of use and methods of use in the UK climate. It is advisable that the designer or specifier seeks assurances at the design stage of a project that such recommendations are appropriate and that adequate quality a
31、ssurance schemes such as BS EN 9001, BS EN 9002 and BS EN 9003 are used for all roofing products, fittings and accessories. Recommendations for workmanship for slating/tiling are given in BS 8000 : Part 6. NOTE. As a code of practice, this Part of BS 5534 takes the form of guidance and recommendatio
32、ns. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover,
33、an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 76, an inside back cover and a back cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997 BSI 19971 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope This code of practice deals with the d
34、esign, material and application recommendations for slates, tiles and shingles and their associated fittings and accessories used in the construction of pitched roofs and vertical cladding applications. Rain and wind resistance, along with durability, thermal insulation, the control of condensation,
35、 fire resistance, sound, environmental and health and safety issues are also considered. This code of practice does not deal with workmanship requirements which are included in BS 8000 : Part 6. It does not deal with designs and application techniques developed to satisfy a specific local need e.g.
36、curved roofs and random slating. 1.2 References 1.2.1 Normative references This Part of BS 5534 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on page 75.
37、 For dated references, only the edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to or revisions of the cited publication apply to this Part of BS 5534 only when incorporated in the reference by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, toget
38、her with any amendments. 1.2.2 Informative references This Part of BS 5534 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. Editions of these publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on page 76, but reference should be made to the latest editions. 1.3 D
39、efinitions For the purposes of this Part of BS 5534, the definitions given in 3.1, BS 6100 : Subsection 1.3.1 and BS 6100 : Subsection 1.3.2 apply. 1.4 Symbols For the purposes of this Part of BS 5534, the symbols given in 1.4.1 and 1.4.2 apply. 1.4.1 This Part of BS 5534 derives data from BS 6399 :
40、 Part 2, and the following symbols have been adopted from that standard. Veeffective wind speed (in m/s) qsdynamic pressure of standard method (in N/m2) Cpeexternal pressure coefficient Lbuilding length (in m) Hbuilding height (in m) Wbuilding width (in m) apitch angle (from the horizontal) of the r
41、oof (in ) 1.4.2 The following symbols are specific to this Part of BS 5534. NOTE. Additional symbols used only in the annexes are defined in the annexes, where appropriate. amortar contact surface area (in mm2) Avalley width (in mm) Abooverhang at verge (in m) Atexposed area of a roofing element (in
42、 m2) Ao,eexposed overhanging area of roofing element at eaves(in m2) At,eexposed area of part of roofing element at the eaves that is protecting the underlay (in m2) Ao,vexposed overhanging area of roofing element at verge (in m2) At,vexposed area of part of roofing element at the verge that is prot
43、ected by underlay (in m2) Atrvertically projected area of a ridge or hip tile (in m2) Ahhorizontally projected area of a ridge or hip tile (in m2) Bcover width of a roofing element (in m) Bndistance from nail hole to the side edge of a slate (in m) Booverhanging length of a roofing element (in m) Br
44、length of a ridge or hip tile (in m) Cptpressure difference coefficient Cpiinternal pressure coefficient Dair permeability factor Fhhorizontal wind shear force on the ridge/hip tiles (in N) Ftwind uplift force on the exposed area of the tile/slate (negative values denote uplift) (in N) Fo,ewind upli
45、ft force on the non overhanging part of the exposed area of the tile/slate (negative values denote uplift) (in N) Ftrwind uplift force on a ridge or hip tile (negative values denote uplift) (in N) Fcforce on the tile clip to resist wind uplift (in N) Fowind uplift force on the overhanging part of th
46、e exposed area of the slate/tile (negative values denote uplift) (in N) gacceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s2) Gabatten gauge (in m) Gdgeneral roof areas for duopitch and hipped roofs (in m2) Gmgeneral roof areas for monopitch roofs (in m2) hrheight of ridge or hip tile (in m) Hheight (in m) Licen
47、sed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Dec 04 16:11:31 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 BSI 1997 BS 5534 : Part 1 : 1997Section 1 Hiinner hip local roof areas for duopitch and hipped roofs (in m) Kpressure drop coefficient knnailing factor (used for nailing an occasional course of ti
48、les) llength (parallel to the rafters) of local roof areas (in m) Ldother local areas and valleys for duopitch and hipped roofs (in m) Looverhanging length (up the rafter line) of a tile/slate (in m) Lshanging length less the batten gauge (in m) Lmall local roof areas and valleys for monopitch roofs
49、 Lnlever arm of nail (in m) Lfuplift force lever arm (in m) Lrwidth of a ridge or hip tile (in m) Lhhanging length of a roofing element (in m) Lvthe exposed width of a valley (in m) nnumber of courses of roofing elements held down by one nailed course pccritical upward pressure difference (in N/m2) pupressure acting on the underlay (in N/m2) Ruplift pressure reduction factor Rcclip resistance against uplift (in N) Riinner ridge local roof areas for duopitch and hipped roofs (in m2) Rnrequired nail resistance (in N) Rsrafter spacing (in m) Sroof substrate shielding factor S
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