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1、Reference number ISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10725 First edition 2000-12-15 Acceptance sampling plans and procedures for the inspection of bulk materials Plans et procdures dchantillonnage pour acceptation pour le contrle de matriaux en vrac ISO 10725:2000(E) PDF disclaimer
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5、reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the re
6、quester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2000 All rights reserved ISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reservediii ContentsPage Foreword.vi Introduction.vii 1Sco
7、pe 1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions .2 4Symbols and abbreviated terms 3 5Sampling plans 6 5.1General6 5.2Applicability6 5.3Standardized sampling procedures.7 5.4Standard deviations 8 5.5Costs.9 5.6Acceptance quality limit and non-acceptance quality limit 10 5.7Responsible authority.11
8、 6Inspection procedures 12 6.1General12 6.2Assessment of the standard deviations12 6.3Determination of sample sizes.18 6.4Selection and preparation of samples.21 6.5Determination of the acceptance value.30 6.6Determination of lot acceptability31 7Examples32 7.1Imprecise standard deviation with one-s
9、ided specification limit.32 7.2Imprecise standard deviation with two-sided specification limits.33 7.3Optional procedure for known standard deviation with one-sided specification limit34 7.4Known standard deviation with one-sided specification limit35 7.5Known standard deviations with two-sided spec
10、ification limits36 7.6Revision of discrimination interval38 7.7Results from one lot39 7.8Results from consecutive lots40 Annex A (normative) Special procedures for inspecting multiple characteristics of a material42 Annex B (normative) Acceptance sampling plans and procedures for use where the measu
11、rement standard deviation is dominant47 Annex C (informative) Theoretical background.52 Annex D (informative) Operating characteristic curves62 Bibliography72 Figure 1 Schematic model of bulk acceptance sampling procedures .8 Figure C.1 Relationship between mA, mRand acceptance value (Distribution o
12、f . x ; lower specification limit) .55 Figure C.2 Relationship between mA, mRand acceptance value(Distribution of . x ; upper specification limit) .57 ISO 10725:2000(E) iv ISO 2000 All rights reserved Figure C.3 Relationship between mAs, mRs and acceptance values (Distribution of . x ; two-sided spe
13、cification limits) .57 Figure C.4 Relationship between ? and D (when ? = ? ? D) (Distribution of .x ; two-sided specification limits) .57 Figure D.1 OC curve for Example 165 Figure D.2 OC curve for Example 266 Figure D.3 OC curve for Example 368 Figure D.4 OC curve for Example 471 Table 1 Values of
14、?for two-sided specification limits (imprecise standard deviations).11 Table 2 Values of fUfor UCL.15 Table 3 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %), cost ratio level 1 for RC? ? ? ? 0,10 (0 to 0,17).22 Table 4 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %), cost ratio level 2 for RC? ? ? ? 0,32
15、 (0,18 to 0,56)22 Table 5 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %), cost ratio level 3 for RC? ? ? ? 1,0 (0,57 to 1,7)23 Table 6 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %), cost ratio level 4 for RC? ? ? ? 3,2 (1,8 to 5,6)23 Table 7 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %), cost ratio leve
16、l 5 for RC? ? ? ? 10 (5,7 or over)24 Table 8 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %), cost ratio level 1 for RC? ? ? ? 0,10 (0 to 0,17).24 Table 9 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %), cost ratio level 2 for RC? ? ? ? 0,32 (0,18 to 0,56)25 Table 10 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5
17、 %), cost ratio level 3 for RC? ? ? ? 1,0 (0,57 to 1,7)25 Table 11 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %), cost ratio level 4 for RC? ? ? ? 3,2 (1,8 to 5,6)26 Table 12 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %), cost ratio level 5 for RC? ? ? ? 10 (5,7 or over)26 Table 13 Sample sizes (? ? ? ?
18、 ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 1, cost ratio level 1 for RC? ? ? ? 0,10 (0 to 0,17)27 Table 14 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 1, cost ratio level 2 for RC? ? ? ? 0,32 (0,18 to 0,56).27 Table 15 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ?
19、5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 1, cost ratio level 3 for RC? ? ? ? 1,0 (0,57 to 1,7).28 Table 16 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 1, cost ratio level 4 for RC? ? ? ? 3,2 (1,8 to 5,6).28 Table 17 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of
20、 freedom for nM= 1, cost ratio level 5 for RC? ? ? ? 10 (5,7 or over).28 Table 18 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 2, cost ratio level 1 for RC? ? ? ? 0,10 (0 to 0,17)29 Table 19 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 2, c
21、ost ratio level 2 for RC? ? ? ? 0,32 (0,18 to 0,56).29 Table 20 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 2, cost ratio level 3 for RC? ? ? ? 1,0 (0,57 to 1,7).29 Table 21 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 2, cost ratio level
22、4 for RC? ? ? ? 3,2 (1,8 to 5,6).30 ISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reservedv Table 22 Sample sizes (? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %) and degrees of freedom for nM= 2, cost ratio level 5 for RC? ? ? ? 10 (5,7 or over).30 Table 23 Data obtained from one lot39 Table 24 Data of consecutive lots 41 T
23、able A.1 Correction factor, fD, for J characteristics for known standard deviations43 Table A.2 Risks at mA(?) and at mR(?) (for each of J characteristics, in %)44 Table A.3 Correction factor, fD, for J characteristics for imprecise standard deviations 46 Table B.1 Sample sizes for special procedure
24、s (known standard deviations; ? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 10 %).48 Table B.2 Sample sizes for special procedures (known standard deviations; ? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %).49 Table B.3 Sample sizes for special procedures (imprecise standard deviations; ? ? ? ? ? 5 %, ? ? ? ? ? 5 %).49 Table D.1 OC value
25、s for Example 165 Table D.2 OC values for Example 267 Table D.3 OC values for Example 3, lower side68 Table D.4 OC values for Example 3, upper side68 Table D.5 OC values for Example 470 ISO 10725:2000(E) vi ISO 2000 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization
26、) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repr
27、esented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards ar
28、e drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a
29、 vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 10725 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 69,
30、Applications of statistical methods, Subcommittee SC 3, Application of statistical methods in standardization. Annexes A and B form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes C and D are for information only. ISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reservedvii Introduction The applicatio
31、n of statistical methods in the field of sampling of bulk materials has been developed since the late 1940s, principally for large quantities of raw materials, such as coals or iron ores, where major interest was to obtain an accurate estimate of the lot mean with reasonable cost, so as to adjust th
32、e price and process duly when necessary. Recently, the need for acceptance sampling of bulk materials has increased especially for industrial products, such as powder chemicals or plastic beads, where the determination of acceptability of a lot is more important than to acquire an accurate estimate
33、of the lot mean. This International Standard has been developed for the former purpose. The subject of this International Standard is situated on the border line between ISO/TC69/SC 3 dealing with bulk sampling and ISO/TC 69/SC 5 dealing with acceptance sampling, and some SC 5 experts have assisted
34、in the drafting. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved1 Acceptance sampling plans and procedures for the inspection of bulk materials 1Scope This International Standard specifies acceptance sampling plans by the determination of variables and use of acceptance inspecti
35、on procedures for bulk materials. These sampling plans comply with specific operating characteristic curves at reasonable cost. This International Standard is applicable to the inspection where the lot mean of a single quality characteristic is the principal factor in the determination of lot accept
36、ability, but it also gives special procedures for multiple quality characteristics. This International Standard is applicable to the cases where the values of standard deviations at individual stages of sampling are known or are imprecise. This International Standard is applicable to various kinds o
37、f bulk materials, but is not always applicable to minerals such as iron ores, coals, crude petroleum, etc., where accurate estimation of the lot mean is more important than the determination of lot acceptability. For special cases when standard procedures are not always adequate and the measurement
38、standard deviation is dominant, this International Standard specifies special acceptance sampling plans and procedures, such as in the case for liquids. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Int
39、ernational Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative docume
40、nts indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by a
41、cceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection. ISO 3534-1:1993, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 1: Probability and general statistical terms. ISO 3534-2:1993, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 2: Statistical quality control. ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of
42、 measurement methods and results Part 1: General principles and definitions. ISO 11648-1:1), Statistical aspects of sampling from bulk materials Part 1: General principles. 1)To be published. ISO 10725:2000(E) 2 ISO 2000 All rights reserved 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Internation
43、al Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2859-1, ISO 3534-1, ISO 3534-2, ISO 5725-1 and the following apply. 3.1 acceptance sampling sampling inspection in which decisions are made to accept or not to accept a lot based on the results of a sample or samples selected from that lot 3.2 acce
44、ptance inspection inspection to determine whether an item or lot delivered or offered for delivery is acceptable 3.3 sampling system collection of sampling plans, together with criteria by which appropriate sampling plans may be chosen 3.4 sampling plan combination of sample size and associated acce
45、ptability criteria 3.5 sample size total number of tests or measurements and elements thereof NOTE 1In this International Standard, the sample size is, for example, the number of sampling increments in a composite sample, the number of composite samples per lot, the number of test samples prepared f
46、rom a composite sample, the number of measurements per test sample. The number of measurements is the same as the number of test portions. NOTE 2In this International Standard, this term should not be used for sample amount such as the volume or mass of a sampling increment. 3.6 acceptability criter
47、ia criteria or element of the criteria (for instance an acceptance value) for the determination of lot acceptability, i.e. to accept or not to accept a lot 3.7 acceptance quality limit when a continuing series of lots is considered, a level of the lot mean which for the purposes of sampling inspecti
48、on is the limit of the satisfactory process average 3.8 non-acceptance quality limit when a continuing series of lots is considered, a level of the lot mean which for the purposes of sampling inspection is the limit of the unsatisfactory process average 3.9 one-sided specification limit specificatio
49、n limit of either a lower or an upper limit for the lot mean 3.10 two-sided specification limits specification limits of both lower and upper limits for the lot mean 3.11 bulk material amount of material within which component parts are not initially readily distinguishable on the macroscopic level ISO 10725:2000(E) ISO 2000 All rights reserved3 NOTEThis International Standard excludes paper rolls, wire coils, iron scrap or similar materials, bec
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