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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14064-1 First edition 2006-03-01 Reference number ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 Greenhouse gases Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals Gaz effet de serre Partie 1: Spcification
2、s et lignes directrices, au niveau des organismes, pour la quantification et la dclaration des missions et des suppression des gaz effet de serre ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing polic
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5、 ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or u
6、tilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 F
7、ax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page 1Scope 1 2Terms and definitions 1 3Principles 6 3.1General . 6 3.2Relevance . 6 3.3Completeness 6 3.4Consistency . 6 3.5Accuracy 6 3.6Transparency
8、. 6 4GHG inventory design and development 6 4.1Organizational boundaries . 6 4.2Operational boundaries 7 4.3Quantification of GHG emissions and removals 8 5GHG inventory components . 10 5.1GHG emissions and removals 10 5.2Organizational activities to reduce GHG emissions or increase GHG removals 10
9、5.3Base-year GHG inventory . 11 5.4Assessing and reducing uncertainty 12 6GHG inventory quality management 12 6.1GHG information management 12 6.2Document retention and record keeping 12 7Reporting of GHG 13 7.1General . 13 7.2Planning the GHG report 13 7.3GHG report content . 13 8Organizations role
10、 in verification activities 14 8.1General . 14 8.2Preparing for verification 14 8.3Verification management 15 Annex A (informative) Consolidating facility-level data to the organization level 17 Annex B (informative) Examples of other indirect greenhouse gas emissions . 18 Annex C (informative) Gree
11、nhouse gas global warming potentials 19 Bibliography . 20 ISO 14064-1:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is
12、 normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part
13、 in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to pr
14、epare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that
15、 some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14064-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management. ISO 14064 consists of the following parts, under the gene
16、ral title Greenhouse gases: Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals Part 2: Specification with guidance at the project level for quantification, monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emission reducti
17、ons or removal enhancements Part 3: Specification with guidance for the validation and verification of greenhouse gas assertions ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction 0.1Climate change has been identified as one of the greatest challenges facing nations, governments, busine
18、ss and citizens over future decades. Climate change has implications for both human and natural systems and could lead to significant changes in resource use, production and economic activity. In response, international, regional, national and local initiatives are being developed and implemented to
19、 limit greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the Earths atmosphere. Such GHG intitiatives rely on the quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification of GHG emissions and/or removals. This part of ISO 14064 details principles and requirements for designing, developing, managing and reporting
20、 organization- or company-level GHG inventories. It includes requirements for determining GHG emission boundaries, quantifying an organizations GHG emissions and removals, and identifying specific company actions or activities aimed at improving GHG management. It also includes requirements and guid
21、ance on inventory quality management, reporting, internal auditing and the organizations responsibilities for verification activities. ISO 14064-2 focuses on GHG projects or project-based activities specifically designed to reduce GHG emissions or increase GHG removals. It includes principles and re
22、quirements for determining project baseline scenarios and for monitoring, quantifying and reporting project performance relative to the baseline scenario and provides the basis for GHG projects to be validated and verified. ISO 14064-3 details principles and requirements for verifying GHG inventorie
23、s and validating or verifying GHG projects. It describes the process for GHG-related validation or verification and specifies components such as validation or verification planning, assessment procedures and the evaluation of organization or project GHG assertions. ISO 14064-3 can be used by organiz
24、ations or independent parties to validate or verify GHG assertions. Figure 1 displays the relationship between the three parts of ISO 14064. 0.2ISO 14064 is expected to benefit organizations, governments, project proponents and stakeholders worldwide by providing clarity and consistency for quantify
25、ing, monitoring, reporting and validating or verifying GHG inventories or projects. Specifically, use of ISO 14064 could enhance the environmental integrity of GHG quantification, enhance the credibility, consistency and transparency of GHG quantification, monitoring and reporting, including GHG pro
26、ject emission reductions and removal enhancements, facilitate the development and implementation of an organizations GHG management strategies and plans, facilitate the development and implementation of GHG projects, facilitate the ability to track performance and progress in the reduction of GHG em
27、issions and/or increase in GHG removals, and facilitate the crediting and trade of GHG emission reductions or removal enhancements. Users of ISO 14064 could find benefit from some of the following applications: a)corporate risk management: for example, the identification and management of risks and
28、opportunities; b)voluntary initiatives: for example, participation in voluntary GHG registry or reporting initiatives; c)GHG markets: for example, the buying and selling of GHG allowances or credits; d)regulatory/government reporting: for example, credit for early action, negotiated agreements or na
29、tional reporting programmes. ISO 14064-1:2006(E) vi ISO 2006 All rights reserved 0.3Consistent with the objective of building on existing International Standards and protocols on corporate GHG inventories, this part of ISO 14064 incorporates many key concepts and requirements stated by World Busines
30、s Council for Sustainable Development/World Resources Institute in Reference 4. Users of this part of ISO 14064 are encouraged to refer to Reference 4 for additional guidance on applying relevant concepts and requirements. Figure 1 Relationship between the parts of ISO 14064 ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO
31、2006 All rights reserved vii 0.4Some clauses require users of this part of ISO 14064 to explain the use of certain approaches or decisions taken. Explanation will generally include documentation of the following: How approaches were used or decisions taken. Why approaches were chosen or decisions ma
32、de. Some clauses require users of this part of ISO 14064 to justify the use of certain approaches or decisions taken. Justification will generally include documentation of the following: How approaches were used or decisions taken. Why approaches were chosen or decisions made. Why alternative approa
33、ches were not chosen. . viii INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Greenhouse gases Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals 1Scope This part of ISO 14064 specifies princ
34、iples and requirements at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greehouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals. It includes requirements for the design, development, management, reporting and verification of an organizations GHG inventory. ISO 14064 is GHG programme neutral. If a GH
35、G programme is applicable, requirements of that GHG programme are additional to the requirements of ISO 14064. NOTEIf a requirement of ISO 14064 prohibits an organization or a GHG project proponent from complying with a requirement of the GHG programme, the requirement of the GHG programme takes pre
36、cedence. 2Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 greenhouse gas GHG gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emits radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiati
37、on emitted by the Earths surface, the atmosphere, and clouds NOTEGHGs include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). 2.2 greenhouse gas source physical unit or process that releases a GHG into the at
38、mosphere 2.3 greenhouse gas sink physical unit or process that removes a GHG from the atmosphere 2.4 greenhouse gas reservoir physical unit or component of the biosphere, geosphere or hydrosphere with the capability to store or accumulate a GHG removed from the atmosphere by a greenhouse gas sink (2
39、.3) or a GHG captured from a greenhouse gas source (2.2) NOTE 1The total mass of carbon contained in a GHG reservoir at a specified point in time could be referred to as the carbon stock of the reservoir. NOTE 2A GHG reservoir can transfer greenhouse gases to another GHG reservoir. ISO 14064-1:2006(
40、E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved NOTE 3The collection of a GHG from a GHG source before it enters the atmosphere and storage of the collected GHG in a GHG reservoir could be referred to as GHG capture and storage. 2.5 greenhouse gas emission total mass of a GHG released to the atmosphere over a spe
41、cified period of time 2.6 greenhouse gas removal total mass of a GHG removed from the atmosphere over a specified period of time 2.7 greenhouse gas emission or removal factor factor relating activity data to GHG emissions or removals NOTEA greenhouse gas emission or removal factor could include an o
42、xidation component. 2.8 direct greenhouse gas emission GHG emission from greenhouse gas sources (2.2) owned or controlled by the organization NOTEThis part of ISO 14064 uses the concepts of financial and operational control to establish an organizations operational boundaries. 2.9 energy indirect gr
43、eenhouse gas emission GHG emission from the generation of imported electricity, heat or steam consumed by the organization 2.10 other indirect greenhouse gas emission GHG emission, other than energy indirect GHG emissions, which is a consequence of an organizations activities, but arises from greenh
44、ouse gas sources (2.2) that are owned or controlled by other organizations 2.11 greenhouse gas activity data quantitative measure of activity that results in a GHG emission or removal NOTEExamples of GHG activity data include the amount of energy, fuels or electricity consumed, material produced, se
45、rvice provided or area of land affected. 2.12 greenhouse gas assertion declaration or factual and objective statement made by the responsible party (2.23) NOTE 1The GHG assertion may be presented at a point in time or may cover a period of time. NOTE 2The GHG assertion provided by the responsible pa
46、rty should be clearly identifiable, capable of consistent evaluation or measurement against suitable criteria by a validator (2.34) or verifier (2.36). NOTE 3The GHG assertion could be provided in the form of a greenhouse gas report (2.17) or GHG project plan. 2.13 greenhouse gas information system
47、policies, processes and procedures to establish, manage and maintain GHG information 2.14 greenhouse gas inventory an organizations greenhouse gas sources (2.2), greenhouse gas sinks (2.3), GHG emissions and removals ISO 14064-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3 2.15 greenhouse gas project acti
48、vity or activities that alter the conditions identified in the baseline scenario which cause GHG emission reductions or GHG removal enhancements 2.16 greenhouse gas programme voluntary or mandatory international, national or sub-national system or scheme that registers, accounts or manages GHG emiss
49、ions, removals, emission reductions or removal enhancements outside the organization or greenhouse gas project (2.15) 2.17 greenhouse gas report stand-alone document intended to communicate an organizations or projects GHG-related information to its intended users (2.24) NOTEA GHG report can include a greenhouse gas assertion (2.12). 2.18 global warming potential GWP factor describing the radiative forcing impact of one mass-based unit of a given GHG relative to an equivalent
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