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1、Reference number ISO 14122-3:2001(E) ISO 2001 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14122-3 First edition 2001-05-15 Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails Scurit des machines Moyens daccs permanents aux machines Partie 3: Escaliers, chelles march
2、es et garde-corps ISO 14122-3:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing t
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5、iat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the addres
6、s below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved ISO 14122-3:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights rese
7、rvediii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for w
8、hich a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
9、 matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International St
10、andard requires approval by at least 75 % of member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 14122 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Sta
11、ndard ISO 14122-3 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with ISO Technical Committee TC 199, Safety of machinery, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). Throughout the text of this standard, read “
12、.this European Standard.“ to mean “.this International Standard.“. ISO 14122 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery: Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels Part 2: Working platforms and walkways Part 3:
13、Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails Part 4: Fixed ladders For the purposes of this part of ISO 14122, the CEN annex regarding fulfilment of European Council Directives has been removed. ISO 14122-3:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved ContentsPage Forewordv Introductionvi 1Scope 1 2Normative refe
14、rences1 3Terms and definitions2 4General safety requirements concerning materials and dimensions 5 5Safety requirements applicable to stairs.5 6Safety requirements applicable to step ladders.6 7Safety requirements applicable to guard-rails7 7.1Horizontal guard-rails7 7.2Guard-rails of stairs and ste
15、p ladders.9 7.3Structural requirements11 8Verification of safety requirements11 8.1General11 8.2Testing of guard-rails12 8.2.1Preloading.12 8.2.2Stanchion measurement.12 8.2.3Handrail measurement13 9Assembly instructions 13 10Information for use Instruction handbook.13 Bibliography14 ISO 14122-3:200
16、1(E) ISO 2001 All rights reservedv Foreword The text of EN ISO 14122-3:2001 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety of machinery“. This European Standard shall be
17、given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2001. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Euro
18、pean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech R
19、epublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. ISO 14122-3:2001(E) vi ISO 2001 All rights reserved Introduction It is the third part of this document “Safety of machinery - Per
20、manent means of access to machinery“. The parts of the standard are: Part 1: Choice of a fixed means of access between two levels Part 2: Working platforms and walkways Part 3: Stairs, step ladders and guard-rails Part 4: Fixed ladders. This document is a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. This s
21、tandard is to be read in conjunction with clause 1.6.2 “Access to operating position and servicing points“ and 1.5.15 “Risk of slipping, tripping or falling“ of the essential safety requirements expressed in annex A of EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995. See also 6.2.4 “Provision for safe access to machinery“ of
22、 EN 292-2:1991. The provisions of this document may be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTE 1For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard tak
23、e precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. The purpose of this standard is to define the general requirements for safe access to machines mentioned in EN 292-2. Part 1 of EN ISO 14122 gives advice about the correct choice of access means when the necessary access to the machine is not
24、 possible directly from the ground level or from a floor. The dimensions specified are consistent with established ergonomic data given in EN 547-3 “Safety of machinery - Human body dimensions Part 3 : Anthropometric data“. NOTE 2The use of materials other than metals (composite materials, so-called
25、 “advanced“ materials, etc.) does not alter the application of the present standard. This standard contains a Bibliography. ISO 14122-3:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved1 1Scope This standard applies to all machinery (stationary and mobile) where fixed means of access are necessary. This standard
26、 applies to stairs, step ladders and guard-rails which are a part of a machine. This standard may also apply to stairs, step ladders and guard-rails to that part of the building where the machine is installed, providing the main function of that part of the building is to provide a means of access t
27、o the machine. NOTEThis standard may be used also for means of access which are outside the scope of this standard. In those cases the possible relevant national or other regulations should be taken into account. This standard applies also to stairs, step ladders and guard-rails specific to the mach
28、ine which are not permanently fixed to the machine and which may be removed or moved to the side for some operations of the machine (e.g. changing tools in a large press). For the significant hazards covered by this standard, see clause 4 of EN ISO 14122 -1. 2Normative references The following norma
29、tive documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 14122. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 14122 are encour
30、aged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. EN 2921
31、 (ISO/TR 12100-1), Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1 : Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991 + A1 (ISO/TR 12100-2), Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2 : Technical principles and specifications EN 1070, Safety of mach
32、inery Terminology EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery Permanents means of access to machinery Part 1 : Choice of fixed means of access between two levels ISO 14122-3:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of EN ISO 14122, the terms and defini
33、tions stated in EN 1070 “Safety of machinery - Terminology“ and of EN ISO 14122-1 apply. The following additional definitions particularly required for this standard apply : 3.1 stairs and step ladders the definitions stated in 3.2 and 3.3 of EN ISO 14122-1:2001 are completed by: Succession of horiz
34、ontal levels (steps or landings) allowing passage on foot from one level to another composed of the following elements, shown in figure 1 and explained from 3.1.1 to 3.1.16. Key HClimbing height gGoing eHeadroom hRise lLength of landing rOverlap ?Angle of pitch wWidth pPitch line tDepth of step cCle
35、arance Figure 1 Parts of stairs and step ladders ISO 14122-3:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved3 3.1.1 climbing height vertical distance between the reference level and the landing (H in figure 1) 3.1.2 flight uninterrupted sequence of steps between two landings 3.1.3 going horizontal distance bet
36、ween the step nosing of two consecutive steps (g in figure 1) 3.1.4 headroom minimum vertical distance, clear of all obstacles (such as beams, ducts, etc.) above the pitch line (e in figure 1) 3.1.5 landing horizontal resting area situated at the end of a flight (l in figure 1). 3.1.6 walking line t
37、heoretical line indicating the average path of the users of the stair or the step ladder 3.1.7 overlap difference between the depth of the step and the going (r in figure 1) 3.1.8 pitch line a notional line connecting the leading edge of the nosing of successive steps taken on the walking line and w
38、hich extends down to the landing at the bottom of the flight from the nosing on the landing at the top of the flight (p in figure 1) 3.1.9 angle of pitch of the stair or step ladder angle between the pitch line and its projection on the horizontal level (? in figure 1) 3.1.10 rise height between two
39、 consecutive steps measured from the tread surface of one to the tread surface of the next (h in figure 1) 3.1.11 step horizontal surface on which one places the foot to go up or down the stair or step ladder 3.1.12 nosing top edge at the front of the step or landing 3.1.13 string flanking framework
40、 element supporting the steps 3.1.14 width clear distance over the outside faces of the step (w in figure 1) ISO 14122-3:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3.1.15 depth of step clear distance from the leading edge or the nosing to the rear of the step (t in figure 1) 3.1.16 clearance absolute mi
41、nimum clear distance between any obstacle and the pitch line (c in figure 1) measured at an angle of 90 from the pitch line 3.2 guard-rail device for protection against accidental fall or accidental access to a hazardous area, with which stairs, step ladders or landings, platforms and walkways may b
42、e equipped. Typical parts of a guard-rail are shown in figure 2 and defined in 3.2.1 to 3.2.5 Key 1Handrail 2Kneerail 3Toe plate 4Stanchion 5Walking level Figure 2 Example of the parts of a typical structure of a guard-rail 3.2.1 handrail top element designed to be grasped by the hand for body suppo
43、rt which can be used individually or as the upper part of a guard-rail (1 in figure 2) 3.2.2 kneerail element of the guard-rail placed parallel with the handrail, giving extra protection against the passage of a body (2 in figure 2) 3.2.3 stanchion vertical structural element of the guard-rail to an
44、chor the guard-rail to the platform or stair. (4 in figure 2) 3.2.4 toe-plate solid lower part of a guard-rail or upstand on a landing to prevent the fall of objects from a floor level (3 in figure 2) NOTEA toe-plate also reduces the free space between the floor and kneerail to prevent the passage o
45、f a body. ISO 14122-3:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved5 3.2.5 self closing gate part of the guard-rail which is intended to be opened easily. When the gate is released, it will close automatically using e.g. the effect of gravity or a spring 4General safety requirements concerning materials and
46、dimensions 4.1The materials and dimensions of constituent elements and construction mode used shall meet the safety objectives of this standard. 4.2The materials used shall be, themselves, by their nature or by a complementary treatment, able to resist corrosion provoked by the surrounding atmospher
47、e. 4.3Any parts liable to be in contact with the users shall be designed so as not to hurt or hinder (sharp corners, welds with burrs, rough edges, etc.). 4.4Steps and landings shall offer satisfactory slip resistance to avoid any risk of slipping. 4.5Opening or closing of moving parts (gates) shall
48、 not cause further hazards (for example by shearing or by falling) to users and other persons in the vicinity. 4.6Fittings, hinges, anchorage points, supports and mountings shall provide sufficient rigidity and stability to the assembly to ensure safety. 4.7The structure and the steps shall be desig
49、ned to satisfactorily resist the intended imposed loads. 4.7.1 For the structure the unfactored loads used in the industrial field, may vary from 1,5 kN/mfor low density pedestrian traffic without load, up to 5 kN/m2for low density pedestrian traffic with load or for high density pedestrian traffic. 4.7.2 Steps shall resist the following unfactored loadings: ?if the width w 1200 mm, then 1,5 kN shall be distributed over an area of 100 mm x 100 mm where one boundary is the leading edge of the nosing applied a
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