ISO-13568-2002.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 13568:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 13568 First edition 2002-07-01 Information technology Z formal specification notation Syntax, type system and semantics Technologies de linformation Notation Z pour la spcification formelle Syntaxe, systme de caractr
2、es et smantique Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 01:10:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 13568:2002(E) PDF
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6、002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the co
7、untry of the requester. Permission is granted to reproduce mathematical definitions (i.e. syntactic definitions, syntactic transformations, type inference rules, semantic transformations and semantic relations) from this ISO standard, free of charge, on condition that the following statement is repr
8、oduced. “Mathematical definitions from ISO/IEC 13568:2002 (Z standard) are copyright ISO.” ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved Copyright In
9、ternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 01:10:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 13568:2002(E) ContentsPage Foreword. . . . .
10、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi 1Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 3 Terms and defi nitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 4Metalanguages. . . . . . .
12、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 5Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 6Z characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、. . . . . . . . . . .18 7Lexis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 8Concrete syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 9Characterisation rules . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 10Annotated syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 11Prelude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、. . . . . . .43 12Syntactic transformation rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 13Type inference rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 14Semantic transformation rules . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 15Semantic relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 Annex A (normative)Mark-ups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 A
17、nnex B (normative)Mathematical toolkit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 Annex C (normative)Organisation by concrete syntax production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Annex D (informative)Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Annex E (informative)Conventions for state-based descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Index. . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 c ?ISO/IEC 2002All rights reservediii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04
20、/03/2007 01:10:19 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/IEC 13568:2002(E) Figures 1 Phases of the defi nition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 B.1Parent relation between sections of the mathematical toolkit
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 D.1Concrete parse tree of birthday book example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 D.2Tree of birthday book example after syntactic transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 D.3Annotated tree of axio
22、matic example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 D.4Annotated tree of generic example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 D.5Annotated tree of chained relation example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . 172 Tables 1Syntactic metalanguage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2Parentheses in metalanguage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 3Propositional connectives in metalanguage . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 4 Quantifi ers in metalanguage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 5 Abbreviations in quantifi cations in metalanguage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 6Conditional expressi
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