ISO-14420-2005.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 14420:2005(E) ISO 2005 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14420 First edition 2005-07-01 Carbonaceous products for the production of aluminium Baked anodes and shaped carbon products Determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion Produits carbons utiliss pour la productio
2、n de laluminium Anodes cuites et produits carbons forms Dtermination du coefficient de dilatation thermique ISO 14420:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the
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5、nlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
6、 photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published i
7、n Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved ISO 14420:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally car
8、ried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
9、 ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Interna
10、tional Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
11、elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14420 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 226, Materials for the production of primary aluminium. -,-,- ISO 14420:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights
12、reserved Introduction This International Standard is based on DIN 51909:1984 prepared by the committee NMP 281 “Prfverfahren fr Kohlenstoff und Graphit” in DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V., Berlin. -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14420:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1 Carbonaceous produ
13、cts for the production of aluminium Baked anodes and shaped carbon products Determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method to determine the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of carbonaceous or graphite materials (solid materi
14、als) for the production of aluminium between 20 C and 300 C. It applies to baked anodes and shaped carbon products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refe
15、rences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6906, Vernier callipers reading to 0,02 mm ISO 3611, Micrometer callipers for external measurement DIN 1333, Presentation of numerical data 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the fol
16、lowing terms and definitions apply. 3.1 linear thermal expansion coefficient thermal expansion coefficient () correlated with the length change of a body with temperature NOTE The linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated from the following formula. ( ) 1d d l a l = (1) where ( ) is the lin
17、ear expansion coefficient; l is the length of the test specimen at temperature ; d d l is the length change with temperature. ISO 14420:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved 3.2 average linear thermal expansion coefficient average linear expansion coefficient (1,2) correlated with the length change
18、 of a body with temperature NOTE The average linear expansion coefficient is calculated from the following formula () 21 12 1211 11 ; lll ll = (2) 21 = (3) 21 lll = (4) where 1 is the lower limit of the temperature interval, in C; 2 is the upper limit of the temperature interval, in C; l1 is the len
19、gth of the test specimen, in mm, at temperature 1; l2 is the length of the test specimen at temperature 2; is the mean linear thermal expansion coefficient, in units of 1/K, of the sample holder and the push-rod for the temperature range under consideration. 4 Principle The average linear thermal ex
20、pansion coefficient is determined by means of a push-rod dilatometer. The test specimen is contained in a sample holder made from low-expansivity material (such as flint glass). It is heated in a furnace and the length change is transmitted to a mechanical, optical, or electronic measuring system ou
21、tside the furnace by a push-rod. The average linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated from the measured length change, the original length, and the temperature change of the test specimen, taking the expansion of the sample holder and the push-rod into account. Unless otherwise stated, the
22、 determination is performed between a lower limit for the temperature interval of 20 C (i.e. room temperature) and an upper limit for the temperature interval of 300 C max. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Dilatometer, with sample holder and push-rod, for example, made from flint glass, as well as a mechanical, opti
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