ISO-20998-1-2006.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 20998-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20998-1 First edition 2006-08-01 Measurement and characterization of particles by acoustic methods Part 1: Concepts and procedures in ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy Mesurage et caractrisation des particules par des mthode
2、s acoustiques Partie 1: Concepts et modes opratoires en spectroscopie dattnuation ultrasonique Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 04/17/2007 09:51:24 MDTNo reproduction or netw
3、orking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 20998-1:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installe
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6、se inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing
7、 from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved Copyright In
8、ternational Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 04/17/2007 09:51:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 20998-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Conten
9、ts Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 Sampling and reference materials 3 3.1 Sampling considerations. 3 3.2 Reference materials 4 4 Methods . 4 4.1 Principles. 4 4.2 Apparatus 5 4.3 Preparation 6 4.4 Measurement. 8 4.5 Interpretation of measurement data . 9 5 Re
10、porting of results 10 5.1 Reports for laboratory testing. 10 5.2 Results for in-process and control applications. 10 Annex A (informative) Techniques . 11 Annex B (informative) Application examples 17 Annex C (informative) Inversion of attenuation spectrum. 18 Bibliography. 20 Copyright Internationa
11、l Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 04/17/2007 09:51:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 20998-1:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the
12、 International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committe
13、e has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechni
14、cal standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member b
15、odies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying a
16、ny or all such patent rights. ISO 20998-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 24, Sieves, sieving and other sizing methods, Subcommittee SC 4, Sizing by methods other than sieving. ISO 20998 consists of the following parts, under the general title Measurement and characterization of particles
17、 by acoustic methods: Part 1: Concepts and procedures in ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy The following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Guidelines for linear theory Part 3: Guidelines for non-linear theory Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license
18、 with ISO Licensee=Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ/9976803100 Not for Resale, 04/17/2007 09:51:24 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 20998-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction It is well known that ultrasonic spectroscopy can be used to measure
19、particle size distribution (PSD) in colloids, dispersions, and emulsions (see 6789). The basic concept is to measure the frequency-dependent attenuation or velocity of the ultrasound as it passes through the sample. This attenuation includes contributions due to scattering or absorption by particles
20、 in the sample, and the size distribution and concentration of dispersed material determines the attenuation spectrum (see 101112). Once this connection is established by empirical observation or by theoretical calculations, one can in principle estimate the PSD from the ultrasonic data. Ultrasonic
21、techniques are useful for dynamic on-line measurements in concentrated slurries and emulsions. Traditionally, such measurements have been made off-line in a quality control laboratory, and constraints imposed by the instrumentation have required the use of diluted samples. By making in-process ultra
22、sonic measurements at full concentration, one does not risk altering the dispersion state of the sample. In addition, dynamic processes (such as flocculation, dispersion, and comminution) can be observed directly in real time (see 13). This data can be used in process control schemes to improve both
23、 the manufacturing process and the product performance. ISO 20998 consists of three parts: Part 1 introduces the terminology, concepts and procedures for measuring ultrasonic attenuation spectra; Part 2 provides guidelines for determining particle size information from the measured spectra for cases
24、 where the spectrum is a linear function of the particle volume fraction; Part 3 addresses the determination of particle size for cases where the spectrum is not a linear function of volume fraction. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Lice
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