ISO-21127-2006.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 21127:2006(E) ISO 2006 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21127 First edition 2006-09-15 Information and documentation A reference ontology for the interchange of cultural heritage information Information et documentation Une ontologie de rfrence pour lchange dinformations du patrimoin
2、e culturel Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 22:46:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21127:2006(E) PDF disclaim
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5、ile; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2006 All right
6、s reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the
7、requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with
8、ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 22:46:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21127:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Conformance. 2 3 Terms and
9、definitions. 2 4 Structure and presentation 6 4.1 Property quantifiers 6 4.2 Naming conventions. 8 5 Modelling principles. 8 5.1 Monotonicity 8 5.2 Minimality 9 5.3 Shortcuts . 9 5.4 Disjointness. 9 5.5 Types 10 5.6 Extensions. 10 5.7 Coverage of intended scope 11 6 Class declarations 11 7 Property
10、declarations. 55 Annex A (informative) Class hierarchy 101 Annex B (informative) Property hierarchy. 103 Bibliography. 108 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 2
11、2:46:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21127:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Inte
12、rnational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison wi
13、th ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technic
14、al committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn t
15、o the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 21127 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 4, Technical inte
16、roperability, in collaboration with the International Council of Museums Committee for Documentation (ICOM CIDOC). Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/03/2007 22:46:27
17、MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21127:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction This International Standard is the culmination of more than a decade of standards development work by the International Committee for Documentation (CIDOC) of the I
18、nternational Council of Museums (ICOM). Work on this International Standard began in 1996 under the auspices of the ICOM-CIDOC Documentation Standards Working Group. Throughout its development, the model has been known as the “CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model” or CRM. References to the CRM can be co
19、nsidered throughout as synonymous with ISO 21127. The primary purpose of this International Standard is to offer a conceptual basis for the mediation of information between cultural heritage organizations such as museums, libraries and archives. This International Standard aims to provide a common r
20、eference point against which divergent and incompatible sources of information can be compared and, ultimately, harmonized. ISO 21127 is a domain ontology 1) for cultural heritage information: a formal representation of the conceptual scheme, or “world view”, underlying the database applications and
21、 documentation systems that are used by cultural heritage institutions. It is important to note that this International Standard aims to clarify the logic of what cultural heritage institutions do in fact document; it is not intended as a normative specification of what they should document. The pri
22、mary role of this International Standard is to enable information exchange and integration between heterogeneous sources of cultural heritage information. It aims to provide the semantic definitions and clarifications needed to transform disparate, localized information sources into a coherent globa
23、l resource, be it within an institution, an intranet or on the Internet. The specific aims of this International Standard are to: Serve as a common language for domain experts and IT developers when formulating requirements. Serve as a formal language for the identification of common information con
24、tents in different data formats; in particular to support the implementation of automatic data transformation algorithms from local to global data structures without loss of meaning. These transformation algorithms are useful for data exchange, data migration from legacy systems, data information in
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