ISO-21648-2008.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 21648:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21648 First edition 2008-12-01 Space systems Flywheel module design and testing Systmes spatiaux Conception et essai du module de volant moteur Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under licen
2、se with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 01:58:48 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21648:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed
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5、table for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
6、utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
7、Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 01:58:48 MSTNo reproduction
8、or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms. 1 2.1 Terms and definitions. 1 2.2 Symbols. 5 2.3 Abbreviated terms 6 3 Requirements 6 3
9、.1 General requirements. 6 3.2 Design requirements 7 3.3 Requirements for materials . 11 3.4 Fabrication and process control. 14 3.5 Quality assurance. 15 3.6 Repair and refurbishment 16 3.7 Storage requirements. 16 3.8 Transportation requirements. 16 4 Verification requirements 17 4.1 Design requir
10、ements verification 17 4.2 Qualification tests. 20 4.3 Acceptance tests 24 Bibliography. 28 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 01:58:48 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
11、hout license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21648:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS
12、O technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates c
13、losely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. D
14、raft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this do
15、cument may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 21648 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations. Copyright International Organization fo
16、r Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 01/31/2009 01:58:48 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 21648:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction Flywheels are mechanical devices that sto
17、re kinetic energy in a rotating mass. A simple example is the potters wheel, which was widely used by people in ancient times. The first use of such devices dates from between 3500 and 3000 BC. According to archaeological evidence, these early flywheels were built from wood, stone and clay. One type
18、 of potters wheel was a rim made from a unidirectional material (bamboo), wound in the hoop direction and embedded in a matrix (clay). This design option is clearly a foreshadowing of the later use of composites for their inherent strength and lightweight nature. It is, however, only since the 1970s
19、 that the use of flywheels as energy storage systems has become the focus of serious attention from energy researchers due to the constant threat of a shortage of fossil fuel supplies. Today, a typical flywheel energy system consists of a flywheel rotor, a supporting device (magnetic bearing ball be
20、arings, superconductor bearings or other types of bearings), a charge/discharge device (motor/generator) and a safety containment (housing). For space applications, due to weight constraints, the use of a bulky safety containment system is not necessarily a desirable design. Thus, from a safety poin
21、t of view, the design of flywheel energy systems needs to concentrate on reliability and longevity. Current flywheel energy storage technology is made possible by the use of high-strength, carbon-fibre-based composite materials in the rotor. Flywheel energy storage systems are designed to both contr
22、ol spacecraft attitude and to store energy functions which have historically been performed by two separate systems. The stored energy is needed for the dark portions of the orbit when the Earths shadow makes solar power unavailable for spacecraft. For many spacecraft, flywheels offer the potential
23、to significantly reduce weight and extend service life. However, the use of composite materials, coupled with variations in design approaches and demanding operating conditions, combine to present certification challenges for the rotor assemblies. This International Standard establishes the design,
24、analysis, material selection and characterization, fabrication, test and inspection of the flywheel module in a flywheel. Many requirements set forth in this International Standard can also be adapted by similar types of rotating machineries, but for different usage. The momentum wheels and momentum
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