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1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) ISO/IEC 2005 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14496-10 Third edition 2005-12-15 Corrected version 2006-03-01 Information technology Coding of audio-visual objects Part 10: Advanced Video Coding Technologies de linformation Codage des objets audiovisuels Parti
2、e 10: Codage visuel avanc ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer
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5、tral Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either
6、ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005
7、(E) ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved iii Contents Page 0 Introductionxiv 0.1 Prologue.xiv 0.2 Purpose xiv 0.3 Applications.xiv 0.4 Publication and versions of this International Standard.xiv 0.5 Profiles and levels.xv 0.6 Overview of the design characteristics .xv 0.6.1 Predictive coding xv 0.6.2 Co
8、ding of progressive and interlaced video.xvi 0.6.3 Picture partitioning into macroblocks and smaller partitions.xvi 0.6.4 Spatial redundancy reduction.xvi 0.7 How to read this specificationxvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Definitions1 4 Abbreviations9 5 Conventions.10 5.1 Arithmetic operators
9、.10 5.2 Logical operators 10 5.3 Relational operators11 5.4 Bit-wise operators.11 5.5 Assignment operators11 5.6 Range notation11 5.7 Mathematical functions.11 5.8 Variables, syntax elements, and tables12 5.9 Text description of logical operations.13 5.10 Processes.14 6 Source, coded, decoded and ou
10、tput data formats, scanning processes, and neighbouring relationships14 6.1 Bitstream formats14 6.2 Source, decoded, and output picture formats15 6.3 Spatial subdivision of pictures and slices20 6.4 Inverse scanning processes and derivation processes for neighbours.20 6.4.1 Inverse macroblock scanni
11、ng process.21 6.4.2 Inverse macroblock partition and sub-macroblock partition scanning process.21 6.4.2.1 Inverse macroblock partition scanning process.22 6.4.2.2 Inverse sub-macroblock partition scanning process22 6.4.3 Inverse 4x4 luma block scanning process.23 6.4.4 Inverse 8x8 luma block scannin
12、g process.23 6.4.5 Derivation process of the availability for macroblock addresses23 6.4.6 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblock addresses and their availability.24 6.4.7 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblock addresses and their availability in MBAFF frames.24 6.4.8 Derivation proc
13、esses for neighbouring macroblocks, blocks, and partitions25 6.4.8.1 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblocks .26 6.4.8.2 Derivation process for neighbouring 8x8 luma block.26 6.4.8.3 Derivation process for neighbouring 4x4 luma blocks27 6.4.8.4 Derivation process for neighbouring 4x4 chroma
14、blocks28 6.4.8.5 Derivation process for neighbouring partitions.28 6.4.9 Derivation process for neighbouring locations .30 6.4.9.1 Specification for neighbouring locations in fields and non-MBAFF frames30 6.4.9.2 Specification for neighbouring locations in MBAFF frames31 ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) iv
15、ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved 7 Syntax and semantics33 7.1 Method of describing syntax in tabular form33 7.2 Specification of syntax functions, categories, and descriptors34 7.3 Syntax in tabular form.36 7.3.1 NAL unit syntax36 7.3.2 Raw byte sequence payloads and RBSP trailing bits syntax.37 7.3
16、.2.1 Sequence parameter set RBSP syntax.37 7.3.2.1.1 Scaling list syntax.38 7.3.2.1.2 Sequence parameter set extension RBSP syntax39 7.3.2.2 Picture parameter set RBSP syntax.39 7.3.2.3 Supplemental enhancement information RBSP syntax.40 7.3.2.3.1 Supplemental enhancement information message syntax.
17、41 7.3.2.4 Access unit delimiter RBSP syntax.41 7.3.2.5 End of sequence RBSP syntax 41 7.3.2.6 End of stream RBSP syntax41 7.3.2.7 Filler data RBSP syntax 42 7.3.2.8 Slice layer without partitioning RBSP syntax.42 7.3.2.9 Slice data partition RBSP syntax.42 7.3.2.9.1 Slice data partition A RBSP synt
18、ax42 7.3.2.9.2 Slice data partition B RBSP syntax42 7.3.2.9.3 Slice data partition C RBSP syntax43 7.3.2.10 RBSP slice trailing bits syntax43 7.3.2.11 RBSP trailing bits syntax.43 7.3.3 Slice header syntax44 7.3.3.1 Reference picture list reordering syntax45 7.3.3.2 Prediction weight table syntax 46
19、 7.3.3.3 Decoded reference picture marking syntax.47 7.3.4 Slice data syntax48 7.3.5 Macroblock layer syntax.49 7.3.5.1 Macroblock prediction syntax.50 7.3.5.2 Sub-macroblock prediction syntax51 7.3.5.3 Residual data syntax52 7.3.5.3.1 Residual block CAVLC syntax 53 7.3.5.3.2 Residual block CABAC sy
20、ntax55 7.4 Semantics56 7.4.1 NAL unit semantics.56 7.4.1.1 Encapsulation of an SODB within an RBSP (informative).58 7.4.1.2 Order of NAL units and association to coded pictures, access units, and video sequences 59 7.4.1.2.1 Order of sequence and picture parameter set RBSPs and their activation59 7.
21、4.1.2.2 Order of access units and association to coded video sequences60 7.4.1.2.3 Order of NAL units and coded pictures and association to access units 61 7.4.1.2.4 Detection of the first VCL NAL unit of a primary coded picture.62 7.4.1.2.5 Order of VCL NAL units and association to coded pictures63
22、 7.4.2 Raw byte sequence payloads and RBSP trailing bits semantics63 7.4.2.1 Sequence parameter set RBSP semantics63 7.4.2.1.1 Scaling list semantics .68 7.4.2.1.2 Sequence parameter set extension RBSP semantics.69 7.4.2.2 Picture parameter set RBSP semantics70 7.4.2.3 Supplemental enhancement infor
23、mation RBSP semantics73 7.4.2.3.1 Supplemental enhancement information message semantics .73 7.4.2.4 Access unit delimiter RBSP semantics73 7.4.2.5 End of sequence RBSP semantics.73 7.4.2.6 End of stream RBSP semantics.74 7.4.2.7 Filler data RBSP semantics.74 7.4.2.8 Slice layer without partitioning
24、 RBSP semantics74 7.4.2.9 Slice data partition RBSP semantics .74 7.4.2.9.1 Slice data partition A RBSP semantics.74 7.4.2.9.2 Slice data partition B RBSP semantics.74 7.4.2.9.3 Slice data partition C RBSP semantics.74 ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved v 7.4.2.10 RBSP slice t
25、railing bits semantics.75 7.4.2.11 RBSP trailing bits semantics.75 7.4.3 Slice header semantics75 7.4.3.1 Reference picture list reordering semantics 81 7.4.3.2 Prediction weight table semantics.82 7.4.3.3 Decoded reference picture marking semantics82 7.4.4 Slice data semantics85 7.4.5 Macroblock la
26、yer semantics86 7.4.5.1 Macroblock prediction semantics .93 7.4.5.2 Sub-macroblock prediction semantics 94 7.4.5.3 Residual data semantics96 7.4.5.3.1 Residual block CAVLC semantics.97 7.4.5.3.2 Residual block CABAC semantics.97 8 Decoding process.98 8.1 NAL unit decoding process.99 8.2 Slice decodi
27、ng process99 8.2.1 Decoding process for picture order count.99 8.2.1.1 Decoding process for picture order count type 0 101 8.2.1.2 Decoding process for picture order count type 1 102 8.2.1.3 Decoding process for picture order count type 2 103 8.2.2 Decoding process for macroblock to slice group map1
28、04 8.2.2.1 Specification for interleaved slice group map type.105 8.2.2.2 Specification for dispersed slice group map type105 8.2.2.3 Specification for foreground with left-over slice group map type 105 8.2.2.4 Specification for box-out slice group map types.106 8.2.2.5 Specification for raster scan
29、 slice group map types106 8.2.2.6 Specification for wipe slice group map types .106 8.2.2.7 Specification for explicit slice group map type.107 8.2.2.8 Specification for conversion of map unit to slice group map to macroblock to slice group map .107 8.2.3 Decoding process for slice data partitioning
30、.107 8.2.4 Decoding process for reference picture lists construction.108 8.2.4.1 Decoding process for picture numbers108 8.2.4.2 Initialisation process for reference picture lists.109 8.2.4.2.1 Initialisation process for the reference picture list for P and SP slices in frames.109 8.2.4.2.2 Initiali
31、sation process for the reference picture list for P and SP slices in fields.110 8.2.4.2.3 Initialisation process for reference picture lists for B slices in frames.110 8.2.4.2.4 Initialisation process for reference picture lists for B slices in fields.111 8.2.4.2.5 Initialisation process for referen
32、ce picture lists in fields112 8.2.4.3 Reordering process for reference picture lists.113 8.2.4.3.1 Reordering process of reference picture lists for short-term reference pictures.113 8.2.4.3.2 Reordering process of reference picture lists for long-term reference pictures114 8.2.5 Decoded reference p
33、icture marking process .114 8.2.5.1 Sequence of operations for decoded reference picture marking process.115 8.2.5.2 Decoding process for gaps in frame_num.115 8.2.5.3 Sliding window decoded reference picture marking process116 8.2.5.4 Adaptive memory control decoded reference picture marking proces
34、s116 8.2.5.4.1 Marking process of a short-term reference picture as “unused for reference” .116 8.2.5.4.2 Marking process of a long-term reference picture as “unused for reference”117 8.2.5.4.3 Assignment process of a LongTermFrameIdx to a short-term reference picture.117 8.2.5.4.4 Decoding process
35、for MaxLongTermFrameIdx.117 8.2.5.4.5 Marking process of all reference pictures as “unused for reference” and setting MaxLongTermFrameIdx to “no long-term frame indices”.118 8.2.5.4.6 Process for assigning a long-term frame index to the current picture118 8.3 Intra prediction process.118 8.3.1 Intra
36、_4x4 prediction process for luma samples.119 8.3.1.1 Derivation process for the Intra4x4PredMode119 8.3.1.2 Intra_4x4 sample prediction121 8.3.1.2.1 Specification of Intra_4x4_Vertical prediction mode122 8.3.1.2.2 Specification of Intra_4x4_Horizontal prediction mode122 8.3.1.2.3 Specification of In
37、tra_4x4_DC prediction mode122 ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) vi ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved 8.3.1.2.4 Specification of Intra_4x4_Diagonal_Down_Left prediction mode 123 8.3.1.2.5 Specification of Intra_4x4_Diagonal_Down_Right prediction mode123 8.3.1.2.6 Specification of Intra_4x4_Vertical_Right predi
38、ction mode123 8.3.1.2.7 Specification of Intra_4x4_Horizontal_Down prediction mode.124 8.3.1.2.8 Specification of Intra_4x4_Vertical_Left prediction mode124 8.3.1.2.9 Specification of Intra_4x4_Horizontal_Up prediction mode124 8.3.2 Intra_8x8 prediction process for luma samples.125 8.3.2.1 Derivatio
39、n process for Intra8x8PredMode125 8.3.2.2 Intra_8x8 sample prediction127 8.3.2.2.1 Reference sample filtering process for Intra_8x8 sample prediction .128 8.3.2.2.2 Specification of Intra_8x8_Vertical prediction mode.129 8.3.2.2.3 Specification of Intra_8x8_Horizontal prediction mode 129 8.3.2.2.4 S
40、pecification of Intra_8x8_DC prediction mode129 8.3.2.2.5 Specification of Intra_8x8_Diagonal_Down_Left prediction mode 130 8.3.2.2.6 Specification of Intra_8x8_Diagonal_Down_Right prediction mode130 8.3.2.2.7 Specification of Intra_8x8_Vertical_Right prediction mode130 8.3.2.2.8 Specification of In
41、tra_8x8_Horizontal_Down prediction mode.131 8.3.2.2.9 Specification of Intra_8x8_Vertical_Left prediction mode131 8.3.2.2.10 Specification of Intra_8x8_Horizontal_Up prediction mode131 8.3.3 Intra_16x16 prediction process for luma samples.132 8.3.3.1 Specification of Intra_16x16_Vertical prediction
42、mode .133 8.3.3.2 Specification of Intra_16x16_Horizontal prediction mode.133 8.3.3.3 Specification of Intra_16x16_DC prediction mode.133 8.3.3.4 Specification of Intra_16x16_Plane prediction mode.133 8.3.4 Intra prediction process for chroma samples.134 8.3.4.1 Specification of Intra_Chroma_DC pred
43、iction mode134 8.3.4.2 Specification of Intra_Chroma_Horizontal prediction mode136 8.3.4.3 Specification of Intra_Chroma_Vertical prediction mode 136 8.3.4.4 Specification of Intra_Chroma_Plane prediction mode 136 8.3.5 Sample construction process for I_PCM macroblocks137 8.4 Inter prediction proces
44、s.137 8.4.1 Derivation process for motion vector components and reference indices.139 8.4.1.1 Derivation process for luma motion vectors for skipped macroblocks in P and SP slices140 8.4.1.2 Derivation process for luma motion vectors for B_Skip, B_Direct_16x16, and B_Direct_8x8 .141 8.4.1.2.1 Deriva
45、tion process for the co-located 4x4 sub-macroblock partitions141 8.4.1.2.2 Derivation process for spatial direct luma motion vector and reference index prediction mode144 8.4.1.2.3 Derivation process for temporal direct luma motion vector and reference index prediction mode 146 8.4.1.3 Derivation pr
46、ocess for luma motion vector prediction148 8.4.1.3.1 Derivation process for median luma motion vector prediction.149 8.4.1.3.2 Derivation process for motion data of neighbouring partitions150 8.4.1.4 Derivation process for chroma motion vectors151 8.4.2 Decoding process for Inter prediction samples
47、.151 8.4.2.1 Reference picture selection process.152 8.4.2.2 Fractional sample interpolation process153 8.4.2.2.1 Luma sample interpolation process154 8.4.2.2.2 Chroma sample interpolation process.157 8.4.2.3 Weighted sample prediction process.158 8.4.2.3.1 Default weighted sample prediction process
48、158 8.4.2.3.2 Weighted sample prediction process159 8.5 Transform coefficient decoding process and picture construction process prior to deblocking filter process161 8.5.1 Specification of transform decoding process for 4x4 luma residual blocks162 8.5.2 Specification of transform decoding process fo
49、r luma samples of Intra_16x16 macroblock prediction mode 162 8.5.3 Specification of transform decoding process for 8x8 luma residual blocks163 8.5.4 Specification of transform decoding process for chroma samples164 8.5.5 Inverse scanning process for transform coefficients .166 8.5.6 Inverse scanning process for 8x8 luma transform coefficients .167 8.5.7 Derivation process for the chroma quantisation parameters and scaling function 169 ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005(E) ISO/IEC 2005 All rights reserved vii 8.5.8 Scaling and transformation process for luma DC t
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