ISO-3685-1993.pdf
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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 3685 Second edition 1993-l l-l 5 Tool-life testing with single-point turning tools Essais de d It can be applied in laboratory testing as well as in IS0 185:1988, Grey cast iron - Classification. production practice IS0 229:1973, Machine tools - Speeds and feeds. In turnin
2、g, cutting conditions may be considered un- der two categories: a) conditions as a result of which tool deterioration is due predominantly to wear; IS0 468:1982, Surface roughness - Parameters, their values and general rules for specifying require- ments. b) conditions under which tool deterioration
3、 is due mainly to other phenomena such as edge fracture or plastic deformation. IS0 513:1991, Application of hard cutting materials for machining by chip removal - Designation of the main groups of chip removal and groups of application. This International Standard is solely concerned with recommend
4、ations for testing which results predomi- nantly in tool wear. Testing for the second category of conditions above is to be subject to further study. This International Standard establishes specifications for the following factors of tool-life testing with single-point turning tools: workpiece, tool
5、s, cutting fluid, cutting conditions, equipment, assessment of tool deterioration and tool life, test procedures and the recording, evaluation and presentation of results. IS0 683-l : 1987, Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 1: Direct-hardening unalloyed and low-alloy
6、ed wrought steel in form of different black products. IS0 841: 1974, Numerical control of machines - Axis and motion nomenclature. IS0 883: 1985, Indexable hardmetal (carbide) inserts with rounded corners, without fixing hole - Dimen- sions. IS0 1940-l :1986, Mechanical vibration - Balance quality r
7、equirements of rigid rotors - Part 1: Deter- mination of permissible residual unbalance. IS0 2540:1973, Centre drills for centre holes with protecting chamfer - Type B. Further general information is given in annex A. NOTE 1 This International Standard does not constitute an acceptance test and shou
8、ld not be used as such. 2 Normative references IS0 3002-l :1982, Basic quantities in cutting and grinding - Part 1: Geometry of the active part of cutting tools - General terms, reference systems, tool and working angles, chip breakers. The following standards contain provisions which, through refer
9、ence in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements IS0 4957:1980, Tool steels. IS0 5610: 1989, Sing/e-point tool holders for turning and copying, fo
10、r indexable inserts - Dimensions. 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/07/2007 02:16:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 3685:19
11、93(E) IS0 9361-l : 1991, Indexable inserts for cutting tools - Ceramic inserts with rounded corners - Part 1: Dimensions of inserts without fixing hole. IS0 9361-2: 1991, Indexable inserts for cutring tools - Ceramic inserts with rounded corners - Part 2: Dimensions of inserts with cylindrical fixin
12、g hole. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 tool wear: The change of shape of the tool from its original shape, during cutting, resulting from the gradual loss of tool material or deformation. 3.2 tool wear measure: A dimension to be me
13、as- ured to indicate the amount of tool wear. 3.3 tool-life criterion: A predetermined threshold value of a tool wear measure or the occurrence of a phenomenon. 3.4 tool life: The cutting time required to reach a tool-life criterion. 4 Workpiece 4.1 Work material In principle, testing bodies are fre
14、e to select the work materials according to their own interests. However, in order to increase the comparability of results be- tween testing bodies, the use of one of the reference materials, steel C 45 in accordance with IS0 683-l or cast iron grade 25 in accordance with IS0 185, is recommended. D
15、etailed specifications of these ma- terials are given in annex B. Within these specifi- cations, materials may vary with a resulting effect on machinability. To minimize such problems the pro- vision of a closer specified work material should be discussed with the supplier. It is recommended that in
16、formation concerning the work material such as grade, chemical composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, com- plete details of the processing route of the work ma- terial (e.g. hot rolled, forged, cast or cold drawn) and any heat treatment be given in the test report (see 4.2 and a
17、nnex B). In order to be able to compare results over reasonably long periods of time, it is recommended that testing bodies procure sufficiently large quantities of refer- ence work material to cover their long term needs. 4.2 Standard conditions for the workpiece All mill scale or casting skin shal
18、l be removed by clean-up cuts before testing, except when the effect of the scale is being tested. The plastic formed surface of the shoulder, i.e. “the transient surface”, and any other burnished or abnor- mally work-hardened surface on the workpiece which can come in contact with the test tool sha
19、ll be re- moved with a sharp clean-up tool prior to testing in order to reduce as much as possible the residual sub-surface deformations due to the previous test. However, this does not include removal of the normally work-hardened surface on the test bar pro- duced by the previous passes of the too
20、l. The length/diameter ratio of the workpiece shall be not more than the minimum ratio at which chatter occurs. The test shall be stopped when chatter oc- curs. A length/diameter ratio greater than 10 is not recommended. The hardness of the work material shall be deter- mined over the complete cross
21、-section of one end of each test bar or tube. Where hardness variations are expected to be signifi- cant, measurements shall be taken to ascertain that values fall within the orescribed limits. The locations of measurement points and the method of measurement should be noted in the test report. It i
22、s recommended that the deviation within one batch of material be as small as possible. A realistic hard- ness value for the reference materials and similar materials is f 5 % of the mean value. The cutting test shall be conducted only in the range of diameters where the hardness lies within the limi
23、ts given by the original hardness specification. Quantitative metallography (as regards micro- structure, grain size, inclusion count, etc.) of the work material is recommended but when this is not practi- cal, photomicrographs shall be included in the test report. The magnification shall be in the
24、range x 100 to x 500. In machining tests carried out on production com- ponents, the fixing devices normally employed in the process shall be utilized. The chuck and the spindle shall be stable and well balanced (for a method of evaluating the balance, see IS0 1940-l 1. When fixing the workpiece bet
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