ISO-6578-1991.pdf
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1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6578 First edition 1991-12-01 Refrigerated hydrocarbon liquids - Static measurement - Calculation procedure Hydrocarbures liquides r however, in some calculations the thermodynamic, i.e. kelvin, temperature scale must be used. For accurate conversion, 273,15 K = 0 OC-shoul
2、d be used, but in the examples given here 273 K = 0 OC is sufficiently accurate. b) Pressure - The Pascal (Pa) is used as the unit of pressure in this Standard, but the bar is given as an alternative unit. The bar may be substituted in calculations; the conversion 1 bar = 100 kPa should be used. Cop
3、yright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 19:08:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- This page intentionally left blank Copyright Inter
4、national Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 19:08:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6578 : 1991 (E) Refrigerated hydroc
5、arbon liquids - Static measurement - Calculation procedure 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard specifies the calculations to be made to adjust the volume of a refrigerated hydrocarbon liquid, such as LPG or LNG, from the conditions at measure- ment to the equivalent volume of liquid or vapour at
6、 a Standard temperature and pressure, or to the equivalent mass or energy (calorific content). lt applies to quantities of refrigerated hydrocarbon liquids stored in or transferred to or from tanks and measured under static storage conditions by tank gauges. 1.2 Using these procedures, the final qua
7、ntity shall be ex- pressed in terms of the following : a) mass (see the note); b) energy (calorific content) ; c) equivalent volume of vapour under Standard con- ditions. NOTE - The current practice for measurement of LPG is by apparent mass in air. The factors in table 1 may be used to convert mass
8、 into apparent mass in air. Table 1 Density at 15 OC kg/m3 500,o to 519,l 519,2 to 542,l 542,2 to 567,3 5674 to 595,0 595,l to 625,5 625,6 to 659,3 Factor 0,997 75 0,997 85 0,997 95 0,998 05 0,998 15 0,998 25 1.3 If it is required to express the volume of liquid at a stan- dard temperature, the proc
9、edures and correlations to deter- mine such quantities are given in clause 4. The Standard reference temperature for Petroleum products is 15 OC (see ISO 5024), but references are made to calculations involving other widely used reference temperatures, i.e. 20 OC. 1.4 If, for quantity calculations,
10、the product density or the calorific value is required, this shall be either determined directly or calculated from the product composition analysis. The procedures for these subsidiary calculations are given in - clauses 8 and 9. 1.5 The mandatory basic data and Source references used in the calcul
11、ation procedures are given in annexes A to F. 2 Normative references The following Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Standards are subject to rev
12、ision, and Parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the Standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 91-1 : 1982, Petroleum
13、measurement tables - Part 7 : Tables based on reference temperatures of 15 OC and 60 O F. ISO 91-2 : 1991, Petroleum measurement tables - Part 2: Tables based on reference temperatures of 20 OC. ISO 3993 : 1984, Liquefied Petroleum gas and light hydro- carbons - Determination of density or relative
14、density - Pressure h ydrometer method. ISO 5024 : 1976, Petroleum liquids and gases - Measure- ment - Standard reference conditions. 3 Definitions and Symbols 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions shall apply. Definitions are given for those terms
15、 which have particular relevante in calculation procedures used for refrigerated hydrocarbon liquids. 1 1) An International Standard (ISO 4273) dealing with terms relating to Petroleum measurement is to be published. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under lice
16、nse with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 19:08:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO6578 :1991 (E) 3.1.1 refrigerated hydrocarbon liquids : Liquids composed H s i/i is the gross (superior) calorific value on a v
17、olume predominantly of hydrocarbons, which are stored in a fully basis (ideal), in megajoules per cubic metre, of component i refrigerated condition at pressures near atmospheric. (see annex D); H s,vol is the gross (superior) calorific value on a volume basis, in megajoules per cubic metre, of the
18、vapour at the appropriate Standard temperature and pressure; 3.1.2 liquefied natura1 gases (LNG): Liquids composed predominantly of methane. 3.1.3 Iiquefied Petroleum gases (LPG) : Liquids composed predominantly of any of the following hydrocarbons or mix- tures thereof : propane, propene, butanes a
19、nd butene. m is the mass, in kil liquid plus vapou r; ograms, of product transferred, i.e. mliq is the mass, in kilograms, of liquid; 3.1.4 gross calorific value (specific energy) on mass basis: The number of heat units generated when unit mass of a product in the vapour Phase at Standard temperatur
20、e and pressure is burned completely in dry air. The gaseous products of combustion are brought to the same Standard conditions of temperature and pressure but the water produced is condensed to liquid in equilibrium with water vapour. Mi is the molecular mass, in kilograms component i (see annexes E
21、 and GI; per kilomole, of M mix is the relative molecu Ia r kilomole, of the vapour mixture; mass, in kilograms Per Ps is the Standard reference pressure, i.e. 101,325 kPa (1,013 25 bar) ; 3.1.5 gross calorific value (specific energy) on volume basis: The number of heat units generated when unit vol
22、ume of a product in the vapour Phase at Standard temperature and pressure is burned completely in dry air. The gaseous products of combustion are brought to the same Standard conditions of temperature and pressure but the water produced is condensed to liquid in equilibrium with water vapour. P vap
23、is the pressure, the Container; in kilopascals (bar in megajou les, transferred, on Qliq is the energy liquid ; (calorific) content, in megajou les, of the 3.1.6 orthobaric density : The mass of the liquid occupying unit volume at a given temperature, the liquid being in equilibrium with its vapour.
24、 is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the liquid; 3.1.7 densitometer : An instrument for measuring density. Ts is the (15 OC); Standard reference temperature, i.e. 28% 15 K 3.1.8 volume basis (ideal) : A volume calculated on the basis that the vapour behaves like an ideal gas. T vap is the Con
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