ISO-8456-1985.pdf
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1、International Standard ) 8456 0 Q 4 4!; 4-,.J C r ?I (- - 1 1 - .(. p.“, “ w;-, 7 f jp ;, .i, / ” i :, I T *I. e-3 $# b) the general safety rules laid down in IS0 1819; c) the special safety rules laid down in IS0 7149; d) the rules for the manufacture of pressure or vacuum vessels not submitted to
2、the action of a flametl; e) the special rules laid down in clause 5. 5 Special safety rules 5.1 At the construction stage (design and- manufacture) 5.1.1 Hoppers and silos 5.1.1.1 General 5.1.1.1.1 Components shall be determined so as to be able to withstand the loads (dead weights, materials stored
3、, additional superstructures and supported machinery, and occasional operating overloads) expected under normal operating con- ditions, the climatic and geological conditions having been agreed upon between the contracting parties. Static and dvnamic criteria shall be considered. Stability shall be
4、ensured under all load conditions defined in the contract. 5.1.1.1.2 If the stored materials are transported away by vehicles, the minimum distances between the substructures and the vehicles shall be the following : a) 500 mm for fixed, isolated obstacles (posts, pillars columns, corners of buildin
5、g, etc.) of less than 300 mm measured in the operating direction of the appliance; b) 700 mm for continuous, fixed obstacles (walls, warehouses, quays, buildings, etc.) and posts and pillars of 300 mm or more. These minimum distances are not obligatory in the case of zones which are not working or m
6、ovement zones. 5.1.1.1.3 Depending on the type of material, the design of hoppers and silos, and in particular sloping walls, and the pos- ition and dimensions of discharge openings shall allow satisfac- tory flow of the material due to gravity, with or without the help of auxiliary equipment. Inter
7、ior struts, interior ladders and other interior fittings likely to slow down the flow of material shall be avoided as far as oossible. 1) Refer to the corresponding national regulations. 1 IS0 84561985 (E) 5.1.1.1.4 As far as fire resistance is concerned, hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers shall compl
8、y with the national and local regulations in force. 5.1.1.3.2 Inspection doors, detachable parts and openings in the guard-rails, specified in 5.1 .I .3.1, shall, as in the case of closed silos, be fitted with a device so that they can be locked with a key. : 5.1.1.1.5 If materials likely to heat up
9、 dangerously are stored in the silos, a system for temperature detection shall be specified. 5.1.1.3.3 The rules specified in 5.1.1.3.1 and 5.1.1.3.2 are also applicable to partially open hoppers, silos, bins or bunkers; for example, cases where feeding is carried out by mobile con- veyors (shuttle
10、conveyors) or by travelling tripper. 5.1.1.1.6 Abrasion and corrosion effects shall be taken into account. 5.1.1.4 Pneumatically filled and/or pneumatically emptied hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers for loose bulk materials 5.1.1.2 Closed hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers 5.1.1.2.1 Inspection doors an
11、d detachable parts of closed 5.1.1.4.1 The components shall be designed so that they are hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers shall be fitted with a device so capable of withstanding the maximum permitted pressure or that they can be locked with a key. vacuum. 5.1.1.2.2 Whenever the nature of the materi
12、al or the feeding or discharge method is liable to alter the pressure in hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers, a pressure-equilibrium device shall be provided. 5.1.1.4.2 If filling is carried out by blowing, a pressure-relief device shall be fitted to prevent the system pressure exceeding the safe worki
13、ng pressure. 5.1.1.4.3 If filling is carried out by suction, the system shall be equipped with a suitable safety device so as to prevent the vacuum exceeding the acceptable limit. 5.1.1.2.3 If necessary, hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers shall be fitted with a filter system to prevent atmospheric pol
14、lution exceeding the value fixed by national or local regulations. 5.1.1.4.4 If hoppers, silos, bins or bunkers incorporate a pneumatic transfer or fluidization system, any dynamic loads resulting from this should be taken into consideration. 5.1.1.2.4 If explosive materials, or materials likely to
15、create an explosive mixture, are stored, the hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers shall be equipped with an explosion device which allows controlled venting. 5.1.2 Bin gates This requirement does not apply to installations fitted with an effective flame-proofing system (inerting, etc.). 5.1.2.1 General
16、5.1.1.3 Open hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers 5.1.2.1.1 Depending on the nature of materials, bin gates shall be designed so that their operation ensures satisfactory interruption of the flow of materials. Opening the bin gates shall allow regular flow of materials once they have started to flow. 5.
17、1.1.3.1 Where there is permanently an access to the upper opening of open hoppers, silos, bins and bunkers, this opening shall be fitted with a guard to prevent anyone falling in. If a horizontal grid of bars or a rigid wire screen is used, it shall cover the upper opening in its entirety and be des
18、igned so that it withstands the impact of someone falling from a height of 1 m. 5.1.2.1.2 Bin gates shall be designed so that they cannot open accidentally. The gap between the bars or the mesh dimensions of the rigid wire screen shall not exceed 200 mm. 5.1.2.1.3 Manual operation of bin gates shall
19、 not require a muscular force of more than 300 N per operator. If the guard consists of a fixed guard-rail, it shall be at least 1 m high in accordance with IS0 1819. 5.1.2.2 Bin gates for pneumatic systems If the opening of the silo is at ground level and the feeding is carried out by a vehicle, th
20、e guard-rail may be discontinued at the vehicle feed point and a device preventing the vehicle falling into the silo shall be provided. Bin gates for pneumatic systems shall be designed so as to en- sure satisfactory tightness for the material concerned and for the maximum permitted pressure or vacu
21、um. If, in the absence of the vehicle, there is a risk of someone fall- ing into the silo, an additional protective device preventing this from happening shall be provided. 5.1.3 Integrated mechanical handling equipment See IS0 1819 2 -,-,- IS0 8456-1985 (El 5.2 At the installation stage (design, ma
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