ISO-TR-15916-2004.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO/TR 15916:2004(E) ISO 2004 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 15916 First edition 2004-02-15 Basic considerations for the safety of hydrogen systems Considrations fondamentales pour la scurit des systmes lhydrogne Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS und
2、er license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 00:54:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/TR 15916:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing
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5、ken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduce
6、d or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 0
7、1 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007
8、00:54:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO/TR 15916:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Overview of hydrogen applications 1 4.1 Basic hydrogen infra
9、structure.1 4.2 Typical hydrogen system components 3 4.3 Hydrogen fuel5 4.4 Environmental effects.5 5 Safety considerations for the use of gaseous and liquid hydrogen .5 5.1 General.5 5.2 Hazards involved as a consequence of the properties of hydrogen.6 5.3 Factors involved in combustion hazards.7 5
10、.4 Factors involved in pressure hazards 8 5.5 Factors involved in temperature hazards.9 5.6 Factors involved in hydrogen embrittlement hazards 9 5.7 Health hazards.10 5.8 Team approach and training needed for the safe use of hydrogen 10 6 Basic properties of hydrogen10 6.1 General properties 10 6.2
11、Selected thermophysical properties.11 6.3 Basic combustion properties 12 7 Mitigation and control of risks.14 7.1 General mitigation and control of risk14 7.2 Mitigation of design risks.16 7.3 Mitigation of flammability and explosion risks21 7.4 Detection considerations.23 7.5 Considerations for fac
12、ilities.24 7.6 Considerations for operations.29 7.7 Recommended practices for organizations.33 Annex A (informative) Hydrogen properties.35 Annex B (informative) Hydrogen combustion data39 Annex C (informative) Material data 42 Annex D (informative) Hydrogen-storing compounds.47 Annex E (informative
13、) Terms and definitions .48 Bibliography .61 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 00:54:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,
14、-,- ISO/TR 15916:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committee
15、s. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inter
16、national Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International St
17、andards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind
18、 from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the d
19、ata it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 15916 was prepared by Technica
20、l Committee ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/05/2007 00:54:44 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
21、-,-,- ISO/TR 15916:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Introduction Generally the public is not familiar with industrial hydrogen systems, nor does it have any experience with the new hydrogen systems under development today. The focus of this Technical Report is on the new energy applications. T
22、he intent is to provide, those unfamiliar with the technology, a basis upon which to understand the safety issues. This document concerns itself with applications that derive their utility from the chemical reactions of hydrogen and does not apply to applications based on nuclear processes. Traditio
23、nally, hydrogen has been used extensively in the petrochemical and chemical industries and in smaller quantities in the electronics, steel-producing, glass-making, and food hydrogenation industries. In energy applications, the only significant use of hydrogen has appeared in space programmes. This i
24、s about to change, given the promise that hydrogen brings as an efficient energy carrier and an energetic fuel with minimal environmental impact. Systems are being developed that produce hydrogen from primary energy sources such as sunlight, wind power, biomass, hydro and fossil fuels, for use in en
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