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1、J IS JA PA N E S E I NDUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes for building products- Small chamber method ICs 13.040.40; 71.040.40; 83.140.01 Reference number : JIS A 1901 : 2003 (E) PROTEC
2、TED BY COPYRIGHT 20 s A 1901 : 2003 Foreword This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard established by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee. Attention is drawn to the possibility that s
3、ome parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Stand
4、ards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 2003-01-20 Date
5、 of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2003-01-20 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Standards Board Technical Committee on Architecture JIS A 1901 :2003, First English edition published in 2003-07 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Min
6、ato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechani
7、cal, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT A 1901 : 2003 Contents Page 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Scope . Normative references Definitions, symbols
8、 and units . Definitions . Symbols and units Principle Apparatus Small chamber . Seal of test specimen Clean air supply Temperature control and humidification system . Air sampling devices . Total air flow meter Oven . Analyzer Test conditions . Temperature and relative humidity . Supply air quality
9、 and background concentration Mass transfer coefficient Area specific ventilation rate and air exchange rate . Verification of the test conditions Monitoring of test conditions Small chamber air tightness . Air exchange rate in small chamber Coefficient of air change performance in small chamber . R
10、ecovery and sink effects . 1 1 1 1 3 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT A 1901 : 2003 8 Emission test chamber preparation . 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Sealing procedure Preparation of test specimen . Selection of samples from products of boards, panels and sheets Selection of sa
11、mples from products in rolls Selection of samples from products of adhesive and varnish, etc 10 Test methods 10.1 10.2 10.3 Time for measurements of test chamber air concentration . 10.4 Air sampling . Background concentration and travel blank concentration . Test specimen location in the emission t
12、est chamber 11 Analysis method 11.1 Analysis of VOCs . 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 1 1 11 11 Il 12 12 11.2 Analysis of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds . 12 12 Calculation of emission factor and expression of result 12 13 Test report 13 Annex 1 (informative) Outline of procedure for sampling. stor
13、age of samples and preparation of test specimens 15 Annex 2 (informative) Example of small chamber (20 L) . 17 Annex 3 (informative) Example of small chamber (500 L) . 22 Annex 4 (informative) Example of small chamber (1 000 L) 27 Annex 5 (informative) Example of small chamber (Mass transfer coeffic
14、ient control type) . 30 Annex 6 (informative) Guideline for VOCs. formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds . 33 (ii) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS A 1901 : 2003 Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes for building products- Small chamber m
15、ethod 1 Scope This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies a general laboratory test method for determination of emission factor of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds. This test method is applicable to building products, e.g. board, wallpaper, carpet, adhesiv
16、e and varnish when they are used in construction. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this Standard, constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards (including amendments) indicated below shall be applied. JI
17、S K 0557 Water used for industrial water and wastewater analysis JIS K 0123 General rules for analytical methods in gas chrorn,atography mass spectrometry JIS Z 8703 Standard atmospheric conditions for testing IS0 16000-3 Indoor air-Part 3 :Determination of formaldehyde and other car- bonyl compound
18、s-Active sampling method ISOIDIS 16000-6 Indoor air-Part 6 : Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and chamber air by active sampling on TENAX TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography MSD I FID IS0 16017- 1 Indoor, ambient and workplace air-Sampling and analysis of volat
19、ile organic compounds by sorbent tube /thermal desorption /capillary gas chromatography-Part 1 : Pumped sampling NOTE “ISOIDIS” is abbreviation of “IS0 Draft International Standard”. 3 Definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 air exchange rate chamber per unit time to the free small cham
20、ber volume. Ratio of the volume of air brought into the emission test 3.1.2 ventilation rate Air volume entering into the small chamber per unit time. 3.1.3 area specific ventilation rate Ventilation rate per unit area of the test specimen. 3.1.4 nominal time constant Reciprocal of air exchange rate
21、. 3.1.5 local age of air Time required for the movement of air from the air inlet to specific places in the test chamber. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 2 A 1901 : 2003 3.1.6 the mean age Mean of the local age of air at all points in the test chamber. 3.1.7 coefficient of air change performance to the mean
22、age. Ratio of nominal time constant 3.1.8 air velocity ber. Air speed over the surface of the test specimen in test cham- 3.1.9 mass transfer coefficient centration difference between the test specimen and the air near the surface. Mass transfer coefficient arising from the con- 3.1.10 building mate
23、rials Materials for building. 3.1.11 test start Time of setting the test specimens into the small chambers. 3.1.12 time Time from test start to the starting time of an air sampling. 3.1.13 sampling period with sampling tube etc. Period of time for extraction of small chamber outlet air 3.1.14 small
24、chamber Enclosure with controlled operational parameters for the determination of VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted from building materials. 3.1.15 small chamber concentration Concentration of specific VOCs, formal- dehyde and other carbonyl compounds measured in the emission s
25、mall chamber out- let. Value obtained by dividing mass of target VOCs extracted from small chamber outlet air by the volume of the sampling air in the sampling period. 3.1.16 background concentration Concentration of small chamber outlet air when clean air is used in the absence of a test specimen.
26、3.1.17 travel blank concentration Concentration of VOCs, formaldehyde, and other carbonyl compounds of a sampling tube without air sampling in order to con- sider the contamination of a sampling tube itself and the contamination at the time of opening, closing and transportation. 3.1.18 product load
27、ing factor men to the free small chamber volume. Ratio of exposed surface area of the test speci- 3.1.19 recovery Percent of measured mass of target VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the air leaving the small chamber during a given time pe- riod divided by the mass of known VOCs, fo
28、rmaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds added to the small chamber in the same time period. NOTES 1 The recovery provides information about the precision of the entire method. 2 The recovery tests shall be performed in a test chamber using stan- dard gas or gas of a known concentration emitted with
29、permeation tubes of target VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,- 3 A 1901 : 2003 3.1.20 emission factor: EF Product specific rate describing the mass per unit time of a VOC, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted from a product at a given time from
30、the start of the test. NOTES 1 Area specific emission rate, EFa, is used in this Standard. 2 Several other emission factors can be defined according to different requirements, e.g. length specific emission rate, EFi, volume spe- cific emission rate, EF, and unit specific emission rate, EF,. 3.1.21 s
31、ample A part or a piece of a building product. 3.1.22 test specimen Part of a sample specially prepared for emission testing in a small chamber in order to simulate the emission behavior of the material or prod- uct which is tested. 3.1.23 volatile organic compounds: VOC VOCs are defined as the orga
32、nic com- pounds that are emitted from the test specimen and all those detected in the cham- ber outlet air. The emission test method described in this Standard is optimum for the range of compounds specified by the definition of total volatile or- ganic compounds (TVOC). The VOC that was selected an
33、d analyzed from a product is called Target volatile organic compounds (hereafter, referred to as target VOCs). NOTE 3.1.24 total volatile organic compounds: TVOC The range of TVOC that is detected between and including n-hexane and n-hexadecane with gas chromatogra- phy. The calculated TVOC is conve
34、rted to the sum of peak areas using the toluene response factor. NOTES 1 The calculated TVOC is similar to the sum of the concentrations of extracted VOCs in the air. 2 When GC/MS is used, TVOC shall be analyzed by total-ion chroma- tography (TIC) after measuring with a total-ion mass spectrograph (
35、TIM); refer to JIS K 0123. 3.1.25 aldehydes Aldehydes are defined as the formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds (aldehyde and ketone) that are emitted from the test specimen and all those detected in the chamber outlet air. 3.1.26 air Air used for examination shall be of the same composition as a
36、tmo- spheric air. 3.1.27 tracer gas Gas used for measurement of ventilation. 3.2 Symbols and units A : surface area (m2) C(0) : C,(t) : initial tracer gas concentration (pg/m3) tracer gas concentration measured in small chamber outlet air at a given time, t, after the start of the test (pg/m3) PROTE
37、CTED BY COPYRIGHT 4 A 1901 : 2003 c, : Ct : Ctb,t : EFa : EFi : EFv : EF, : L: Q: v: ka : I: n: 4: t u: v: 77: zn : : tracer gas equilibrium concentration at a long enough time after the start of test (pg/m3) VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds concentrations mea- sured in small chamber
38、outlet at a given time, t (pg/m3) travel blank concentration at a given time, t (pg/m3) area specific emission rate, in micrograms per square metre hour length specific emission rate, in micrograms per metre hour volume specific emission rate, in micrograms per cubic metre hour unit specific emissio
39、n rate, in micrograms per unit product loading factor (rnVm3) ventilation rate in a small chamber (m3h) air volume in a small chamber (m3) mass transfer coefficient at water vapour (m/h) test specimen length (m) air exchange rate (lh) area specific ventilation rate m3/(m2 h) time after start of the
40、test (hours or days) test specimen number (unit) test specimen volume (m3) coefficient of air change performance nominal time constant the mean age 4 Principle This test is to determine the emission factor, which is calculated by small chamber outlet gas concentration, passing air flow rate and surf
41、ace area, of VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds emitted from building products. After the air flow in the small chamber is tested at a constant temperature, rela- tive humidity and ventilation rate, the emission factor of VOCs, formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds at a given specif
42、ic time, t, is calculated to determine the VOC concentration at the chamber air outlet, the travel-blank Concentration and the ventilation rate (see clause 12). 5 Apparatus Equipment necessary for carrying out an emission test of VOCs, form- aldehyde, and other carbonyl compounds emitted from buildi
43、ng materials is listed below: - small chamber; - seal material for test specimen; - clean air supply; - temperature control and humidification system; PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 5 A 1901 : 2003 - total air flow meter; - oven; - air sampling device; - analysis device. 5 . 1 Small chamber General specific
44、ations and requirements, which apply to all types of small chamber included in this part of the standard, are given in 5 . 1 to 7 . 5 below. Fig. 1 shows an outline of small chamber system. Outlet air and inlet air shall not be circulated. Temperature humidity monitoring apparatus I - - 1 Test speci
45、men + Outlet air Sampling tube (at sampling) Small chamber Y I I Fig. 1 Outline of small chamber 5 . 1 . 1 Form The small chamber coming in contact with the emitted VOCs, form- aldehyde and other carbonyl compounds shall be made of stainless steel or glass. The chamber volume is 20 L to 1 O00 L incl
46、usively with an accuracy of T 5 %. The small chamber shall be designed to ensure proper mixing of the small chamber air. The small chamber which can be completely taken apart, washed and heat-treated easily shall be used. Other materials may be used for mixing devices, e.g. fans, and for sealing mat
47、e- rials. These shall be low emitting and low adsorbing and shall not contribute to the emission test chamber background concentration. If the correlation of the 20 L or more small chamber and the less than 20 L small chamber is checked, the several litres to less than 20 L small chamber may be used
48、 for the examination. 5 . 1 . 2 Air tightness The small chamber shall be airtight in order to avoid uncon- trolled air exchange with external air. The small chamber shall be operated slightly above atmospheric pressure to avoid any influence from the laboratory atmosphere. 5 . 1 . 3 Air supply and m
49、ixing facilities The emission test chamber shall have facilities (e.g. electronic mass flow controller) capable of continuously controlling the ventilation rate at a fixed value. The emission test chamber shall be designed to ensure proper mixing of the emission test chamber air. The requirements are given in 7.4. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 6 A 1901 : 2003 5.2 Seal of test specimen When chemical compounds emitted from the surface of test specimens are measured, seal the edges and the underside as well with seal- ing material,
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