ISO-9186-2-2008.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 9186-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9186-2 First edition 2008-06-15 Graphical symbols Test methods Part 2: Method for testing perceptual quality Symboles graphiques Mthodes dessai Partie 2: Mthode dessai de la qualit perue Copyright International Organization for
2、 Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 07/25/2008 02:49:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9186-2:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe
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5、has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no p
6、art of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale
7、 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Re
8、sale, 07/25/2008 02:49:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9186-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Principle2 5 Pre-test information 3 6 Test met
9、hod .3 6.1 Apparatus and test material.3 6.2 Respondents4 6.3 Test administrator .5 6.4 Test procedure.5 7 Analysis and scoring 5 8 Presentation of results6 Annex A (informative) Clarification of terms and approach.7 Annex B (normative) Instruction to respondents9 Bibliography13 Copyright Internatio
10、nal Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 07/25/2008 02:49:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9186-2:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International O
11、rganization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been estab
12、lished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizat
13、ion. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting
14、. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such p
15、atent rights. ISO 9186-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 145, Graphical symbols, Subcommittee SC 1, Public information symbols. This first edition of ISO 9186-2, together with ISO 9186-1, cancels and replaces ISO 9186:2001, which has been technically revised. ISO 9186 consists of the foll
16、owing parts, under the general title Graphical symbols Test methods: Part 1: Methods for testing comprehensibility Part 2: Method for testing perceptual quality Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resal
17、e, 07/25/2008 02:49:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 9186-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction In addition to being comprehensible, a graphical symbol should have sufficient perceptual quality to enable the eventual user population in
18、a practical situation to identify its elements correctly. If the symbols ultimate meaning is to be understood, it is essential that its elements be identifiable. As an example to clarify this concept of identifiability, consider Figure 1. A person who sees this “lost and found” symbol should be able
19、 to report that the symbol consists of a question mark, a glove and an umbrella. If, for example, the glove is seen as a hand, the symbols identifiability is insufficient. On the other hand, the umbrella would be correctly identified by the description “triangle apex down with a curved line at the t
20、op”. Stated more generally, an element is considered to be identified correctly, if either an accurate, shape-wise description is given, or the object intended to be depicted is named. Figure 1 Graphical symbol for the referent “lost and found” or “lost property” For designers of graphical symbols,
21、ISO provides guidelines and requirements to support the realization of optimal perceptual quality, such as ISO 22727 and ISO 3864-3. However, applying requirements and criteria can never guarantee an optimal design outcome. There may be times when there is a need to examine empirically key aspects o
22、f proposed graphical symbols. Such a need may arise, for example, during initial design in order to determine how elements within a symbol are identified when the symbol subtends a small visual angle (due to small symbol size and/or large viewing distance), or after comprehension testing has shown t
23、here to be difficulties in interpreting a symbol and it is desired to scrutinize the elements making up the symbol as an aid in generating improvements. This part of ISO 9186 describes a test method for assessing the identifiability of symbol elements. The core of this test method is to show a symbo
24、l to appropriately representative respondents and have them describe what they see. The respondents task is to name the elements of the symbols image content. This procedure will assist in locating those elements within a symbol that may be the source of difficulty. Copyright International Organizat
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