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1、STDmJIS Z 224L-ENGL 1998 4933h08 0559234 110 J IS JAPANESE I NDUSTR IAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Ja pa nese Standards Association Method of tensile test for metallic materials ICs 77.040.10 Descriptors : metals, tensile testing Reference number : JIS Z 2241 : 1998 (E) 7s Z 2241 : 1998 Fo
2、reword This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard revised by the Minister of International Trade and Industry through deliberations at Japanese Industrial Standards Committee in accordance with the Industrial Standardization Law. Consequently JIS Z 2241 : 1993
3、is replaced with JIS Z 2241 : 1998. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which ha
4、ve technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public
5、which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 1952-07-22 Date of Revision: 1998-12-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1998-12-21 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on Iron and Steel TIS Z 2241 : 1998, First English edition publis
6、hed in 1999-11 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. I L O JSA 1999 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part o
7、f this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan STD=JIS Z 2241-ENGL 1998 D 4933608 0559276 T93 E . JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS Z 2241
8、: 1998 Method of tensile test for metallic materials Introduction This Japanese Industrial Standard based on IS0 6892 : 1984 (Metal- lic materials-Tensile testing) has been made by translating the corresponding parts from the corresponding International Standard without changing the technical con- t
9、ents. In the revision at this time, the upper limit of the speed to apply force was specified to be 50 %/min and, in order to be in conformance with IS0 Standard, the national use of the speed to apply force exceeding 50 %/min up to and including 80 %/min has been specified to be applied in accordan
10、ce with the material standards of Japanese Industrial Standard. 1 of metallic materials. Scope This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the method of tensile test Remarks : The following standard is the corresponding International Standard IS0 6892 : 1984 Metallic materials-Tensile testing to thi
11、s Standard: 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. The latest edi- tions of them apply. JIS B 7721 verification of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machine JIS B 7741 Verificati
12、on of extensometers used in uniaxial testing JIS G 0202 Glossary of terms used in iron and steel (testing) JIS Z 2201 Test pieces for tensile test for metallic materials JIS Z 8401 Rules for rounding off of numerical values 3 0202 and the following definitions apply: a) Definitions For the purpose o
13、f this Standard, the definitions given in JIS G gauge length Length of the cylindrical or prismatic portion of the test piece on which elongation is measured at any moment during the test. In particular, a distinction is made between: 1) original gauge length (Lo) Gauge length before application of
14、force. 2) final gauge length (Lu) Gauge length after rupture. Gauge length when the two pieces of the test piece have been carefully fitted back together so that their axes lie in a straight line. b) extensometer gauge length (Le) length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for the measure
15、ment of elongation by means of an extensometer (this length may differ from Lo and shall be of any value greater than b, d or the external diameter of a tube but less than the length of the parallel portion). Where, b : Width of the parallel length of a flat test piece or average width of longitudin
16、al strip from a tube or width of flat steel bar. d : Diameter of a cylindrical test piece or diameter of round steel bar or internal diameter. c) elongation Increase in the original gauge length at any moment during the test. d) percentage elongation Elongation expressed as a percentage of the origi
17、nal STDoJIS Z 224L-ENGL 1998 m 4933608 0559277 92T 2 Z 2241 : 1998 gauge length. 1) percentage permanent elongation Increase in the original gauge length of a test piece after removal of a specified stress, that is the permanent elon- gation expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length. 2)
18、 percentage elongation after fracture (A) Permanent elongation of the gauge length (Lu-Lo) after fracture, that is elongation expressed as a per- centage of the original gauge length. Remarks 1 In the case of proportional test pieces, only if the coefficient of proportionality is other than 5.65, th
19、e symbol A is to be sup- plemented by an index indicating the coefficient of proportion- ality used. In the case of non-proportional test pieces, the symbol A is to be supplemented by an index indicating the original gauge length used, expressed in millimeters. percentage total elongation at fractur
20、e (At) Increase in the original gauge length of test piece at the moment of fracture, expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length. 4) percentage elongation at maximum force Increase in the gauge length of the test piece at maximum force, expressed as a percentage of the origi- nal gauge l
21、ength. A distinction is made between the percentage total elongation at maximum force (Ad and the percentage non-proportional elongation at maximum force (Ad. Elongation between the start of yield- ing and the start of work-hardening; can be determined from the stress-per- centage elongation diagram
22、 (or stress-strain diagram). The percentage yield point elongation is expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length. It may vary with time due to ageing of the material. 2 3) 5) percentage yield point elongation e) percentage reduction of area (2) Maximum change in cross-sectional area whic
23、h has occurred during the test, expressed as a percentage of the original cross- sectional area. 0 maximum force (Fd The greatest force which the test piece withstands dur- ing the test. g) stress Force at any moment during the test divided by the original cross-sec- tional area (So) of the test pie
24、ce. 1) tensile strength (Rm) Stress corresponding to the maximum force (Fd. 2) yield stress When the metallic material exhibits a yield phenomenon, a point is reached during the test at which plastic deformation occurs without any increase in the force. 2.1) upper yield stress (Reh) Value of stress
25、at the moment when the first 2.2) lower yield stress (Rei) Lowest value of stress during plastic yielding, 3) proof stress of non-proportional elongation (Rp) Stress at which a non- proportional elongation is equal to a specified percentage of the original gauge length. The symbol used shall be foll
26、owed by a suffix giving the prescribed percentage of the original gauge length. decrease in force is observed. ignoring any transient effects. STD*JIS Z 224L-ENGL 1998 W 4933bOB 0559278 Bbb = 3 Z 2241 : 1998 4) proof stress, total elongation (Rt) Stress at which total elongation (elas- tic elongatio
27、n plus plastic elongation) is equal to a specified percentage of the original gauge length. The symbol used shall be followed by a suffix giv- ing the prescribed percentage of the original gauge length. Stress at which, after removal of force, a spec- ified permanent elongation occurs. The symbol us
28、ed shall be followed by a suf- fix giving the specified percentage of the original gauge length. 5) permanent set stress (Rr) 4 ture, the mechanical properties of material are determined. Principle By straining a test piece by tensile force until generally coming to frac- 5 Test piece The test piece
29、 shall conform to the following: a) The test piece shall conform to JIS Z 2201, unless otherwise specified. b) The sampling and preparation of the test piece shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Japanese Industrial Standard for a particular mate- rials, in which the deformat
30、ion or heating which may affect the mechanical prop- erties of the test piece shall be avoided. This caution is especially important where the upper yield stress, lower yield stress or proof stress is to be measured. If the test piece is formed by shearing, punching, etc., and when any effect by the
31、 forming work on the test results is observed, the parallel portion shall be finished so that the affected zone is cut and removed. c) The straightening of the test piece shall be avoided as far as practicable, but when it is necessary, it shall be done by such a method that might not affect the mec
32、hanical properties of the test piece as far as practicable. d) As a rule, the gauge marks shall be put by stamping lightly with punch or scrib- ing fine lines. However, for a test piece whose material is sensitive to scratch on the surface or extremely hard, the marks shall be scribed on the surface
33、 of coat- ing applied on the test piece. Remarks : It is unnecessary to put the gauge marks, if the required elongation is measured by employment of an extensometer. 6 Testing machine a) The testing machine used for the tensile test shall be of grade 1 specified in JIS B 7721 and upward. b) The test
34、ing machine shall be installed on a rigid foundation and used with its ten- ter line through the grip holders being correctly vertical or horizontal. c) In the case where the testing machine has been overhauled and reassembled or subjected to modification of its main part or reinstallation, it shall
35、 be used only after being verified in accordance with JIS B 7721. In general, the testing machine shall be reverified for accuracy at certain inter- vals depending on the frequency of use, even in the case where c) above may not be applicable. The testing machine shall conform to the following: d) 7
36、 Testing The testing shall conform to the following: 7.1 Application of force The testing shall be conducted by the use of the gripping device suitable for the form of the test piece in such a manner that the test force shall be applied only along the axis of test piece during the testing. 7 . 2 The
37、 speed of application of force should prefer- Speed of application of force STDeJIS Z 2241-ENGL 1998 E 4933b08 0559279 ? T Z E 4 Z 2241 : 1998 ably be as uniform as practicable, and shall be made as any one of rate of stressing, rate of straining, or elapsed time, and the choice of the speed of appl
38、ication of force shall be as follows: a) For a material whose measured properties are supposed to be affected significantly by the speed of application of force, the speed shall be in accordance with the requirements of JIS material standards. Unless otherwise specified, care shall be taken so that
39、accurate measurements of the force and deformation are made in accordance with the requirements of b) and c). In measuring the upper yieId stress, the lower yield stress or the proof stress, any convenient speed of application of force may be used up to 1/2 the force cor- responding to the respectiv
40、e specified stress in JIS material standards, but above that 1/2 force, and until the upper yield stress, the lower yield stress or the proof stress is reached, the average rate of stressing shall be within 3 N/(mm2.s) to 30 N/(mm2-s) for steel, and not more than 30 N/(mm2.s) for aluminium and its a
41、lloys. In measuring the tensile strength, elongation after fracture or percentage reduc- tion of area without necessity of the measurement of the upper yield stress, the lower yield stress or the proof stress, any convenient speed of application of force may be used up to 112 the force corresponding
42、 to the specified tensile strength in JIS material standards, but above that 1/2 force, the average rate of strain- ing of the parallel portion of the test piece shall be within 20 %/min to 50 %/min for steel, and not more than 50 %/min for aluminium and its alloys. If the ten- sile strength is succ
43、essively measured after the measurement of the upper yield stress, the lower yield stress or the proof stress has been taken, the test piece shall be strained at the foregoing strain rate in the latter course. Remarks 1 Application of the test speed at the rate of straining exceeding 50 %/min up to
44、80 %/min shall be as specified in the material stan- dards of Japanese Industrial Standard. Rate of straining may be set using an extensometer. b) c) 2 7.3 Testing temperature The testing temperature shall be within a range of 10C to 35“C, and recorded if required. Especially when the temperature co
45、ntrol is required, the testing temperature shall be (23 5)“C. However, for a material which is tem- perature-sensitive, the testing temperature shall conform to the requirement of JIS material standards. 8 Determination of original cross-sectional area of the parallel portion, gauge length, yield st
46、ress, proof stress, tensile strength, yield elongation, elongation after fracture and reduction of area a) The original cross-sectional area of the parallel portion of the test piece shall be determined in accordance with the following: 1) The original cross-sectional area of the parallel portion of
47、 the test piece except tubular test pieces shall be the average of three measurements taken at both ends and the center of the gauge length. However, for a test piece with taper made for a proper reason, the origi- nal cross-sectional area shall be that measured at the thinnest cross-section. For a
48、tubular test piece, the original cross-sectional area shall be measured at the ends of the test piece. 2) When determining the original cross-sectional area of circular section or tubu- lar test piece, the diameter shall be the average of the measurements in two STD-JIS Z 2241-ENGL 1998 I 4933608 05
49、59280 414 12 to 16 excl. 16 and 0.03 12 to 20 0.04 40 and 0.10 1.2 to 2.5 0.004 25 and 0.04 excl. over excl. over 0.04 20 and 0.05 - - 2.5 to 6 0.01 - - over 5 Z 2241 : 1998 over excl. perpendicular directions. The thickness for determining the cross-sectional area of the tubular test piece shall be the average of not less than three measurements taken at the locations equally dividing the circumference of tube ends. Remarks : The average of the differences of inside and outside diameters of a tubular test piece, measured in two perpendicular directions may be substituted by the average of
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