SAE-AIR-4766-2007.pdf
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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org AIR4766 AEROSPACE INFORMATION REPORT Issued 2007-11 Air Quality for Commercial Aircraft Cabins RATIONALE A great deal of research has been conducted in the past 10 years, and a great deal of study to correlate resear
5、ch findings to improve design and operation of Commercial Aircraft. This Aerospace Information Report is one of the most comprehensive documents available and was created with the input of some of the most respected authorities in the field of Aircraft Cabin Air Quality. This document provides gener
6、al information on cabin air quality and the other factors affecting the perception of cabin air quality. It also provides extensive references so that the user may further research areas of specific interest. Some figures and tables within this document have come from other sources which have publis
7、hed or soon will publish information related to this topic. Use of these outside sources provides the user of the AIR with a ready reference to what other organizations are doing in this field. FOREWORD This document is an overhead document of related Aerospace Information Reports (AIR) related to t
8、he various engineering aspects in designing environmental control systems to provide acceptable air quality to commercial aircraft cabins. The total airflow supplied to the cabin is a mixture of outside air and cabin filtered air, or possibly just outside air, and is intended to provide a safe, heal
9、thy, and comfortable cabin environment. The cabin air quality may be affected by contaminants from sources internal or external to the airplane systems. Other factors that can affect the perception of the cabin air quality include cabin altitude, thermal environment and relative humidity. TABLE OF C
10、ONTENTS 1. SCOPE3 1.1 Purpose.3 2. REFERENCES3 2.1 Applicable Documents 3 2.1.1 SAE Publications.3 2.1.2 FAA Publications.4 2.1.3 U.S. Government Publications5 2.1.4 EASA Publications5 2.2 Other Applicable References5 2.3 Definitions and Acronyms.7 3. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS/ADVISO
11、RY CIRCULARS/GUIDELINES .9 3.1 Regulations.10 3.1.1 Temperature10 3.1.2 Contaminant Limits .11 3.1.3 Pressure Limits .11 3.2 Advisory Circulars.11 3.3 Aerospace Standards .11 3.4 Non-Aviation Standards12 4. MULTIPLE FACTORS 16 5. CONTAMINANTS .18 5.1 Categories of Contaminants .18 5.2 Contaminant So
12、urces .19 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 18:25:38 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AIR4766 - 2 - 5.3 Design Considerations to Minimize Contaminants.19 6.
13、METHODS OF CONTAMINANT CONTROL20 6.1 Source Control20 6.1.1 Particulates .20 6.1.2 Ozone20 6.2 Dilution with Outside Air/Recirculation Air 20 6.2.1 Ventilation .20 6.2.2 Flow Rate20 6.3 Removal Methods.21 6.3.1 Particulate Filters 21 6.3.2 Gaseous Pollutant Removal Methods 21 6.4 Ventilation Require
14、ments21 6.4.1 14 CFR Part 25 Ventilation Requirements21 6.4.2 CS Part 25 Ventilation Requirement.22 6.4.3 CAA Air Navigation Order Ventilation Requirement .22 6.4.4 Cabin Supply Air Contaminant Limits .22 6.4.5 Lavatory and Galley Exhaust Systems.23 6.4.6 Location of Recirculation Source23 6.4.7 Con
15、trol of Smoking Zones 23 7. POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF CONTAMINANTS ON PASSENGERS, CREW AND EQUIPMENT24 7.1 Passengers and Crew.24 7.2 Equipment.24 8. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE PERCEPTION OF CABIN AIR QUALITY.24 8.1 Cabin Pressure .24 8.2 Thermal Environment25 8.3 Relative Humidity26 8.3.1 Calculation of St
16、eady State Relative Humidity Levels in Aircraft Cabins .26 9. SYSTEM SAFETY ANALYSIS27 10. NOTES30 10.1 Key Words.30 FIGURE 1 MULTIPLE FACTORS INFLUENCE ON COMFORT.16 FIGURE 2 PROBABILITIES VERSUS SEVERITY OF FAILURE CONDITION.27 TABLE 1 HEALTH-RELATED EXPOSURE GUIDELINES FOR CHEMICALS AND GASES.13
17、TABLE 2 THRESHOLDS AND LIMITS FOR POTENTIAL AIRBORNE AIRCRAFT CABIN CONTAMINANTS WITH INHALATION EXPOSURE ROUTES.14 TABLE 3 ODOR CHARACTERISTICS FOR POTENTIAL AIRCRAFT CABIN CONTAMINANTS.15 TABLE 4 POSSIBLE CAUSES FOR OCCUPANT SYMPTOMS/COMPLAINTS17 TABLE 5 MEASUREMENT METHODS FOR AIRCRAFT CABIN ENVI
18、RONMENT CONTAMINANTS.18 TABLE 6 SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS THAT COULD BE PRESENT IN AN AIRCRAFT CABIN 19 TABLE 7 RELEVANT BLEED AIR MARKER COMPOUNDS WITH PREN4618 AND NIOSH LIMITS 23 TABLE 8 SAFETY OBJECTIVES- PART 25 AIRPLANES 29 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicens
19、ee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 18:25:38 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AIR4766 - 3 - 1. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides information on air quality and some of the factors affecting the perception o
20、f cabin air quality in commercial aircraft cabin air. Also a typical safety analysis process utilizing a Functional Hazard Assessment approach is discussed. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this AIR is to discuss air quality issues and environmental factors in commercial airplanes. This AIR provides gener
21、al information and references more detailed SAE references regarding on Environmental Control System (ECS), air quality contaminants, cabin pressurization, temperature, and humidity that affect the perception of the cabin environment. A system safety assessment utilizing a Functional Hazard Assessme
22、nt approach is also included. The airplane cabin is a unique environment that is low in humidity and pressurized to a cabin altitude of up to 2400 m (8000 ft). Multiple factors affecting our perception of environmental comfort include being subject to continuous noise and vibration, accelerations in
23、 multiple directions, and potential exposure to contaminants. The design of the cabin environment system along with the airline maintenance/operations is intended to provide a safe, healthy, and comfortable cabin environment. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a p
24、art of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, th
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