SAE-AIR-4777A-2002-R2007.pdf
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1、AEROSPACE INFORMATION REPORT AIR4777 REV. A Issued1994-09 Revised2002-05 Superseding AIR4777 Nondestructive Inspection (NDI) Methods Used During Production and Operation of Aircraft Wheels and Brakes 1.SCOPE: This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies current nondestructive inspection (N
2、DI) methods used to insure product integrity and maximize “in service“ life of the major structural components of aircraft wheel and brake assemblies. 2.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS: The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publicat
3、ions shall apply. The applicable issue of other documents shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. 2.1SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. AMS 2300Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Cleanliness Magnetic Particle Inspection Proced
4、ure AMS 2301Steel Aircraft Quality, Cleanliness Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS 2442Magnetic Particle Acceptance Criteria for Parts AMS 2630Ultrasonic Inspection Product Over 0.5 inch (12.5 mm) Thick AMS 2644Inspection Material, Penetrant AMS 3044Magnetic Particles, Wet Method, Oil Vehicl
5、e AMS 3045Magnetic Particles, Wet Method, Dry Powder ARP891Determination of Aluminum Alloy Tempers Through Electrical Conductivity Measurement AS3071Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection RATIONALE This document has been reaffirmed to com
6、ply with the SAE 5-Year Review policy. Reaffirmed 2007-07 SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particu
7、lar use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE Internat
8、ional All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323
9、 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 20:17:32 MSTNo reproduction
10、or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AIR4777 Revision A - 2 - 2.2ASTM Publications: Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM B 594Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Wrought Products for Aerospace Applications ASTM E
11、 10Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 18Rockwell Hardness and Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 384Microhardness of Materials ASTM E 709Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination ASTM E 1417Liquid Penetrant Examination ASTM E 1444Standard Practice for Magnetic Partic
12、le Examination 2.3U.S. Government Publications: Available from DODSSP, Subscription Services Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. MIL-F-38762Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection Units MIL-HDBK-728/2Eddy Current Testing MIL-HDBK-728/3Liquid Penetrant Testing MIL-HDBK-728/4M
13、agnetic Particle Testing MIL-HDBK-728/6Ultrasonic Testing MIL-HDBK-6870Inspection Program Requirements, Nondestructive for Aircraft and Missile Materials and Parts MIL-STD-1537Electrical Conductivity Test for Verification of Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys, Eddy Current Method MIL-STD-1875Ultrason
14、ic Inspection, Requirements for MIL-STD-2154Inspection, Ultrasonic, Wrought Metals, Process for 3.CURRENT NDI METHODS: Today there are five NDI techniques that are commonly used to detect flaws during manufacturing and “in service“ maintenance and overhaul of aircraft wheel and brake structural comp
15、onents. Following is a brief description of each of these methods. A list of associated industry specifications for each inspection method is provided in Table 1. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 20:17
16、:32 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AIR4777 Revision A - 3 - TABLE 1 - Nondestructive Inspection Industry Specifications Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 2
17、0:17:32 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AIR4777 Revision A - 4 - 3.1Liquid Penetrant Inspection: Liquid penetrant inspection is a nondestructive method of revealing discontinuities that are open to the surfaces of solid and essentially nonporous material
18、s. Indication of a wide spectrum of flaw sizes can be found regardless of the configuration of the workpiece and regardless of the flaw orientation. Liquid penetrants are drawn into various types of minute surface openings by capillary action. This process is well suited to the detection of many sur
19、face breaking flaws such as cracks, laps, porosity, shrinkage areas, laminations, and similar discontinuities. It is extensively used for the inspection of wrought and cast products of both ferrous and nonferrous metals. In practice, the liquid penetrant process is relatively simple to use and contr
20、ol. The equipment used in liquid penetrant inspection can vary from an arrangement of simple tanks containing penetrant, emulsifier, and developer to sophisticated computer-controlled automated processing and inspection systems. Optimum end results require that the surfaces of parts subjected to liq
21、uid penetrant examination be adequately cleaned and free of contaminants that may prevent the penetrant from being drawn into surface breaking flaws. NOTE: Due to the service environment of aircraft wheels and brakes, extensive cleaning is required to ensure reliable liquid penetrant inspection. Cle
22、aning procedures which outline the most effective methods and products available are contained in the wheel and brake component maintenance manuals. Particular caution should be exercised against over washing during the penetrant removal process and the very undesirable potential of smearing metal o
23、ver cracks during paint removal or repair operations. The major limitation of liquid penetrant inspection is that it can detect only imperfections that are open to the surface. Other methods must be used for detecting subsurface flaws. Factors that can limit the use of liquid penetrants are signific
24、ant surface roughness or porosity. Such surfaces produce excessive background signals which interfere with inspection. 3.2Magnetic Particle Inspection: Magnetic particle inspection is a method of locating surface and subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials. It depends on the fact that
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