4684.新型宽带面谐平衡混频器设计与性能的影响 毕业设计(论文)英文原文.doc
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1、 DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF A NOVEL BROADBAND UNIPLANAR BALANCEDSUBHARMONIC MIXERABSTRACT: A novel wideband uniplanar balanced subharmonic mixer is proposed and demonstrated. The mixer is based on the broadband tapered coplanar-waveguide (CPW) DC-block filter, and the in-phase and out-of-phase T-junc
2、tions are interconnected through a pair of quarter-wavelength slotlines. The fabricated subharmonic mixer has an RF bandwidth of more than one octave from 12 to 28GHz with a conversion loss ranging from 8.5 to 12.5 dB for LO signals from 6.1 to 14.1 GHz with a power level of 9.5 dBm. The measured LO
3、-to-RF, LO-to-IF, and RF-to-IF isolations are better than 15.5, 34, and 26.6 dB, respectively. . 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 508 510, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience. DOI 10.1002/mop.20681Key words: balanced subharmonic mixer; broadband uniplanar technolog
4、y; coplanar waveguide; slotline; microwave integrated circuits1. INTRODUCTIONUniplanar technology has received considerable attention with regard to low-cost and high-performance microwave integrated circuits (MICs) and microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs), especially in the millimeter-w
5、ave range 13. This is due to the merits not requiring via holes for connecting circuit elements to the ground, elimination of the backside processes, simple realization of series and shunt circuit components, easy integration with solid-state devices and other lumped elements,and low sensitivity to
6、substrate thickness 4. Furthermore, this technology allows flexible circuit design using mixed transmission lines such as coplanar waveguide (CPW), slotline, and coplanar stripline. Subharmonic mixing is very useful at millimeter wave frequencies due to the availability of low-cost lower-frequency l
7、ocal oscillators (LOs). Balanced subharmonic mixers have the advantages of the inherent LO-to-RF isolation and the reduction of LO noise and spurious signals 5.Recently, a few balanced subharmonic mixers using a uniplanar structure have been developed 6, 7. A subharmonic diode mixer using a uniplana
8、r hybrid with a double-Y balun was proposed for low-cost broadband millimeter-wave transceiver design 6. The hybrid consists of a combination of a tapered slotline T-junction and a tapered CPW divider interconnected through a slotline ring. The conversion loss of the mixer is about 10 to 12 dB over
9、a 2636-GHz RF bandwidth. A balanced subharmonically pumped diode mixer based on the modified slotline-to-CPW junction was also proposed 7. In this design, the hybrid was realized by the combination of twin-spiral CPW-to-slotline transition and modified slotline-to-CPW junction. The conversion loss v
10、aries from 10 to 12 dB when the RF signal is swept from 3 to 4 GHz and the IF frequency is 0.1 GHz. While these mixers are suitable for the realization of a compact uniplanar transceiver, they show relatively narrow bandwidth. In this paper, the design and measurement results of a uniplanar single b
11、alanced subharmonic mixer with broader bandwidth than that of conventional ones are presented. The proposed subharmonic mixer using CPW and slotline has also features of low conversion loss, small size, the ease of fabrication, and a simple structure for integrated microwave circuits.Figure1 Configu
12、ration of the proposed uniplanar balanced subharmonicmixerFigure2 Structure of the broadband tapered CPW DC-block filter2. SUBHARMONIC MIXER DESIGNThe configuration of the proposed broadband uniplanar balanced subharmonic mixer is shown in Figure 1. The circuit consists of a broadband tapered CPW DC
13、-block filter, a CPW radial-line double stub, an in-phase CPW-slot T-junction, an out-of-phase tapered slotline T-junction, a half-wavelength circumference slotline ring, two anti-parallel Schottky diode pairs, and a CPW-to-slotline transition. Bonding wires are used at nonsymmetrical CPW discontinu
14、ities such as T-junctions to suppress the undesired coupled slotline mode by maintaining an equal potential on each side of the ground plane. The balanced subharmonic mixing is based on a uniplanar magic T, which is composed of an in-phase parallel T-junction and an out-of-phase series T-junction in
15、terconnected through a pair of quarter-wavelength slotlines at the LO center frequency. Since these T-junctions are frequency independent, the magic T has inherent LO-to-RF/IF isolation and broadband characteristics. The RF signal is applied to the diodes through the DC-block filter and the in-phase
16、 CPW-slot T-junction. For DC and IF blocking at the RF port, the tapered CPW DC-block filter proposed in 8 is used with a tapered CPW section. The centerspacing between the inner slots of the open-end series stub linearly varies for wide band operation, as shown in Figure 2. The bandwidth of the DC-
17、block filter increases as the spacing W between the slots in the CPW is increased and the characteristic impedance of the CPW is decreased. The spacing W of 0.5 mm with 30_ characteristic impedance is used and the DC-block is interconnected with a 50_ CPW through 3-mm tapered CPW sections. The LO si
18、gnal is fed to the diodes via a CPW-to-slotline transition and an out-of-phase slotline T-junction. The slotline T-junction splits the LO signal into two signals that are of equal amplitude and 180 out of phases on the slotlines. The tapered slotline provides a match from the 50_ slotline to the two
19、 diodes at the LO frequencies. The CPW-to-slotline transition, which employs a slotline radial stub, is used to transfer a 50_ CPW to a 50_ slotline. The radius of the radial stub is 2.9 mm and the radial stub angle is 90. The measurements of the back-to-back connected transitions, formed using a pa
20、ir of CPW-to-slotline transitions separated by 2-mm-long slotline, exhibit insertion loss of less than 0.8 dB and return loss of more than 15 dB over 515 GHz.Two anti-parallel Schottky diode pairs (Alpha DMK2308-000) areflip-chip mounted across the gaps of the slotline ring with a silver epoxy. The
21、IF signal is extracted via a low-pass filter that employs a CPW radial-line double stub in order to provide an open circuit at the RF frequencies. A commercial microwave software package (Agilent ADS) is used to simulate and optimize the uniplanar structures and the subharmonic mixer by employing a
22、harmonic balance analysis following the initial design.3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTo verify the proposed design principle, a broadband tapered CPW DC-block filter and a uniplanar single balanced subharmonic mixer with a 16-GHz RF bandwidth centered at 20 GHz were fabricated and measured. The circuits we
23、re built on a 25-mil-thick alumina substrate with a dielectric constant of 9.9 using a standard thin-film process. The mixer dimensions are 0.635 mm. The manufactured DC-block filter is measured using an HP8510C network analyzer and a probe station with a line-reflect-match (LRM) calibration. Figure
24、 3 shows the measured and simulated S-parameters of the fabricated DC-block filter and good agreement between two results is observed. The measurements show insertion loss less than 1.5 dB and return loss better than 10 dB over 1230GHz.The entire subharmonic mixer circuit is measured with respect to
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