Analysis of fatalities and injuries involving mining equipment 英语论文.doc
《Analysis of fatalities and injuries involving mining equipment 英语论文.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Analysis of fatalities and injuries involving mining equipment 英语论文.doc(21页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Analysis of fatalities and injuries involving mining equipment aThe Pennsylvania State University, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, 110 Hosler Building, University Park, PA 16802-5000, USAbNuclear Generating StationG2, Hydro-Quebec, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Qu
2、ebec, Trois-Rivieres, CanadaReceived 11 September 2006; revised 11 January 2007; accepted 15 March 2007. Available online 23 July 2007. AbstractIntroductionDespite significant reductions, the number of injuries and fatalities in mining remains high. A persistent area of concern continues to be equip
3、ment-related incidents.尽管大幅减少,伤害和死亡人数在采矿仍然很高。阿持续关注的领域仍然是与设备有关的事件。MethodMine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and Current Population Survey (CPS) data were used to examine equipment-related injuries over the period 19952004. Incidents were reviewed to determine which types of mining equipment
4、were most often involved and to identify and characterize trends.ResultsNon-powered hand tools was the equipment category most often involved with non-fatal injuries while off-road ore haulage was the most common source of fatalities.SummaryYounger employees had an elevated risk of injury while work
5、ers 55years had an elevated risk for fatality. A large majority of incidents involve workers with 55年已为死亡风险升高。大部分的事故涉及与5年工作经验的工人。Impact on IndustryResults should increase hazard awareness and enable mine management to select and prioritize problem areas and safety system weaknesses in both undergrou
6、nd and surface mining.Keywords: Mining safety; Equipment-related injuries; Mining fatalitiesArticle Outline1. Introduction 2. Methods 3. Results and Discussion 4. Summary References Vitae1. IntroductionThe mining industry is a vital economic sector for many countries including the United States and
7、comprises the utilization of coal, metal, and non-metal minerals. The use of minerals by nations worldwide is extensive and includes electrical generation, production of cement, steel, agricultural lime, commercial and residential building products, asphalt, and medicines, as well as countless house
8、hold, electronic, and other manufactured products. According to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA, 2006), there were 1,643 surface and underground coal mines, 199 metal mines, and 11,840 aggregate (stone, gravel, sand, etc.) mines in the United States in 2005. Almost 345,000 employees
9、are engaged in mining operations in the areas of production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work. Historically, mining has been one of the most hazardous work environments in many countries around the world. In addition, due to their severity and frequenc
10、y, mining injuries, illnesses, and fatalities are among the costliest, for example, Leigh, Waehrer, Miller, and Keenan (2004) report that U.S. lignite and bituminous coal mining rank second in the nation for the average cost per worker for fatal and all nonfatal injuries and illnesses. The data for
11、coal mines indicate a total of 311,965 injuries for the 28-year period from 1978 through 2005 (11,141 per year), and 183,940 injuries in the metal and non-metal sector (6,569 per year). The total number of fatalities for the same period was 1,835 in coal mining (65 per year) and 1,626 for metal and
12、non-metal mining (58 per year). The historical record of injuries continues to show a significant decline and the number of fatalities has dropped from 267 in 1979 to 55 in 2004, the lowest number of mining fatalities ever recorded (MSHA, 2006).Despite the record of progress that has been achieved i
13、n reducing mining injuries and fatalities, both the number and severity of mining accidents occurring are still unacceptable (Kecojevic, Komljenovic, Groves, & Radomsky, in press). Three recent mining accidents, the 2002 mine inundation at Quecreek, Pennsylvania, and the 2006 explosion at Sago mine
14、and fire at Alma Mine No. 1, both in West Virginia, have captured national attention, and highlighted the importance and urgency to further improve mine safety using the most effective approaches possible. Continued improvement of miners safety and health requires a two-pronged approach to accident
15、prevention, one that is fundamental and traditional (i.e., engineering, enforcement, and education) and one that is more innovative and creative (e.g., applying behavioral principles and technological advances to better control and eliminate hazards). The two approaches are synergistic the efficacy
16、coming when both are applied simultaneously. Planning as well as program and policy implementation must be followed by regular monitoring and control activities. Future mine health and safety progress requires the systematic planning of appropriate safety programs and measures. The safety management
17、 decisions that must be made to select and prioritize problem areas and safety system weaknesses must be based on the recognition of hazards encountered in each activity of the mining process.According to MSHA records, the highest number of mine fatalities is attributed to the general category of eq
18、uipment. This study was undertaken in order to more thoroughly characterize equipment-related mining injuries and to perform a descriptive analysis of those that occurred over the last 10-year period. Injury statistics for surface and underground mining were combined for these analyses this decision
19、 was based on the preliminary nature of the analysis and on the desire to perform a more general program- or policy-level evaluation process that would facilitate the identification of priority areas for development of interventions and control strategies. Subsequent implementation of specific contr
20、ol strategies would then take into account the type of mining operation and equipment that is unique to that operation. An analysis of both the temporal characteristics of the number of injuries for the period of 19952004, and descriptive statistics related to accidents and injuries is presented. In
21、 addition, the relationship between number of fatal accidents and the number of years of mining experience of the workers involved is examined.2. MethodsMining accident, injury, and illness statistics were obtained from data collected by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) under Part 50
22、 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations via MSHA Form 7000. Electronic versions of these data files are maintained by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NIOSH has converted the electronic MSHA data files to SPSS and dBase IV file formats and has added additional comp
23、uted fields. Documentation for the database is available including the SPSS data dictionary, which describes all the fields and codes used to enter information. There are 61 fields including variables such as the MSHA mine ID assigned to an operation, the month, day, year, and time of an incident, t
24、he mine machine involved, accident/injury/illness classification, accident type, age of employee, experience, injury type, total days lost, and job title.Data files for 19952004 were downloaded from the NIOSH site and combined into a master database in Microsoft Access. The resulting file consists o
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Analysis of fatalities and injuries involving mining equipment 英语论文
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3901181.html