The_Cultural_Transmission_Issue_of_Chinese_Idioms_Translation 英语本科毕业论文.doc
《The_Cultural_Transmission_Issue_of_Chinese_Idioms_Translation 英语本科毕业论文.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《The_Cultural_Transmission_Issue_of_Chinese_Idioms_Translation 英语本科毕业论文.doc(26页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Contents. The Introduction .11.1LanguageandCulture .11.2 TheRelationbetweenTranslationandCulture.1. Literature Review 32.1 Nidas Concept of Functional Equivalence.32.2 Nidas View on Translation and Culture.32.3 Susan Bassnetts View on Culture Translation.42.4 Other Views on Culture-related Translati
2、on.4.DifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCulturesReflectedintheLanguages7 3.1HistoricalCulturalDifference.73.2 DifferentGeographicalandRegionalEnvironments.73.3 DifferentModesofThinking.8 . Several methods of Chinese idiom translation.94.1 Metaphrase.94.1.1 Literal Translation .94.1.2 Replacement.104
3、.2 Paraphrase.134.2.1 Negation.134.2.2 Substitution.144.2.2.1 Substitute abstract concept for concrete images.154.2.2.2 Substitute concrete images for abstract concept.154.2.3 Additional remarks & Note.174.2.3.1 Additional remarks.174.2.3.2 Note184.2.4 Omission.19.Conclusion.21Bibliography.23Acknowl
4、edgements.25Appendix (Translation).261 Introduction1.1LanguageandCulture Languageisthecarrierofcultureandpartoftheculture.Becauselanguagescanreflectanationsculture,languagesymbolsprovidesarichexpressionmeansforanation.Languagehasbeenkeepingsynchronousdevelopmentwithculturethroughoutthewholeprocessof
5、humanculturescomingintobeingandtheirsubsequentdevelopment.“Somescientistsconsideritthekeystoneofculture.Withoutlanguage,theymaintain,culturewouldbeimpossible.”(DengYanchangandLiuRunqing,1989:3.) Languages,ineverynation,canembodyandreflectpeoplesdifferentmodesofthinking,values,socialawareness,religio
6、usbeliefs,habitsandcustoms.“Languageistheprimarymeansbywhichaculturetransmitsitsbeliefs,values,andnorms.Itgivespeopleameansofinteractingwithothermembersofthecultureandameansofthinking.”(DaiWeidong,1989:158)Itisexplicitthatcultureandlanguageareinseparablefromeachother,andinfact,cultureincludeslanguag
7、easasubsystem,asawidersystem.Itcanbesummarizedthatlanguagecariesculture,mirrorsculture,spreadscultureandhelpsdevelopculture. Ontheotherside,languageisdeeplyinfluencedandshapedbyculture,steamingfromculture.Language,asasymbolsystem,expressestracesofaparticularsocietyandreflectsuniqueculturalheritage.J
8、ohnLyons,anEnglishlinguist,pointedthat,“languageisapartofculture.Differencesonthelanguageusagewillexposethefeaturesofthesocialcultureintermsofthesubstances,customsandotheractivities.”(Lyons,1977:30).Therefore,itcanbesaidthattheprocessoflearningatargetlanguageisaprocessoflearningaboutthetargetculture
9、.1.2TheRelationbetweenTranslationandCultureTranslationmakesitpossibletocommunicatebetweendifferentcultures.However,translationhasitslimitationstoanextent.Manyofthefunctionsandconnotationsoflanguagecannotbe“translated”atallliterally,buthavetoresorttoanalysisandexplanationtomakeoutthehiddenimplication
10、sthattheycontain.Inotherwords,itisnecessarytosetupakindofaccordingculturalcontextbasedonasufficientandthoroughunderstandingofcultureofthetargetlanguage.Translationdoesnotmerelydealwiththeexchangeofliteralmeaning,butalsotransferringtheculturalcommunicationofthelanguagefamiliesanddifferentinformation.
11、Soitisnotmerelyanactoftransferencebetweenlanguages,butitisamatterofspiritcommunicationcloselyrelatedtoeveryaspectofthesubjectiveworld.Tosomeextent,thetranslationactsaretheresponse,communication,perception,understandingandinteractingbetweenthehumanbeingandthephysicalworld.Undoubtedly,therelationofcul
12、tureandtranslationischaracterizedbytheirindivisibility.Inthelasttwentyyears,ithasbeenuniversallyacknowledgedthatliterarytranslationisnotmerelytransformationoflanguagesignals,buttransformationofculture,sincetranslationhasacloseinteractiverelationshipwithculture.Translationhasbeenreplacedby“intercultu
13、ralcommunication”(ChristianceNord,1991),“interculturalcooperation”(HolzManttari,1984:17),“acculturation”(AndreLefevere,1992),or“tranculturation”(R.D.Shaw,1988).Therefore,thetranslatorsshouldtrytoreducethedifficultiescausedbyculturaldifferenceandtodevelopculturalexchangesbetweendifferentnationalities
14、.Thetranslatorneedstohaveathoroughunderstandingoftheoperationtargetthelanguage.Withoutbeingfullyawareofthenatureoflanguage,itisimpossibletodiscussculturefromtheviewpointoftranslation.Nowadays,ininternationalcommunicationandinformationexchange,translationasacross-cultureeventbecomesmoreandmoreimporta
15、ntindealingwiththeproblemofculturaltransmission.Sotranslatorsnecessarilyputmoreemphasistoculturaldifferencesincross-culturaltransferintranslation.2 Literature Review 2.1 Nidas Concept of Functional EquivalenceAccording to Nida, translation should be done in the spirit of “functional equivalence”. Th
16、en what is functional equivalence? It has two versions. The minimal, realistic definition is “ The readers of a translated text should be able to comprehend it to the point that they can conceive of how the original readers of the text must have understood and appreciated it.” (Nida, 2001:87 ), whil
17、e its maximal, ideal definition is “The readers of a translated text should be able to understand and appreciate it in essentially the same manner as the original readers did”(ibid)In fact, the maximal definition is just ideal, and the minimal level is realistic.2.2 Nidas View on Translation and Cul
18、ture Language is part of a culture, so translating from one language into another cannot be done satisfactorily without adequate knowledge of the two cultures involved. In the research of translation, Nida has become aware of the great importance of cultural factors in translating. He believes that
19、the cultural factors in translating are more significant than the purely linguistic differences; the most serious mistakes in translating are usually not born of verbal inadequacy, but of wrong cultural assumptions. For example, SL idioms are often found to be lively in the SL culture, but hardly un
20、derstandable, if translated literally, because TL readers cultural background, which differs by varying degrees from that of SL readers, often becomes a misleading factor. Therefore, “for truly successful translating, biculturalism is even more important than bilingualism, since words only have mean
21、ings in terms of the cultures in which they function.”(Nida,2001:82) The translators or interpreters cannot understand the SL text enough to provide its exact meaning without careful consideration of its cultural background. Thats why most programs for the training of interpreters and translators re
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- The_Cultural_Transmission_Issue_of_Chinese_Idioms_Translation 英语本科毕业论文 英语 本科 毕业论文
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3903328.html