The Differences between Convergent Boundary and Divergent Boundary 地质学系专业英语论文.doc
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1、The Differences between Convergent Boundary and Divergent Boundary Abstract: Plate boundaries are generally divided into three types: convergent boundary, divergent boundary and transform boundary. In this paper, the author mainly introduced the first two types of the boundaries and compared them wi
2、th each other. This problem were explained in tectonics and material. Key Words: convergent boundary, divergent boundary, tectonic, materialIntroductionDivergent boundaries(Figure 1-1) are places where the crust is being extended, thinned, and fractured as magma, derived from the partial melting of
3、the mantle, rises to the surface, intrudes into vertical fractures, and flows out onto th sea floor forming pillow lavas. Whats more, divergent boundaries also occur under continents during the early stages of continental breakup. When the separating continues, the new oceanic crust is formed. At th
4、at time, the continental rift ridge will become a mid-ocean ridge. Its happening to Red Ocean today. We believe that it can become a large ocean plate just like Atlantic Ocean today. Figure 1-1. Convergent boundaries occur where one plate subducts into The model of divergent boundary the other plate
5、. When it comes to convergent boundaries, we often devide them into three types as following: oceanic-oceanic boundaries, oceanic-continental boundaries and continental-continental boundaries. Now lets intruduct them one by one.(Figure1-2)Oceanic-Oceanic Boundaries: When two oceanic plates converge,
6、 one of them is subducted under the other along an oceanic-oceanic boundary. In this case, the subducting plate will remelt at a certain depth which leads to form magma. When the magma rise up to the nonsubducted plate, it will be cooled on the surface of the plate and form a set of islands called v
7、olcanic island arc. Figure 1-2The model of convergent boundaryOceanic-Continental Boundaries: An oceanic-continental boundary occurs when oceanic crust is subducted under continental crust just like what is happening to Pacific Ocean today. In this case, when the ocean plate subducts at a certain de
8、pth, it will causes melting. One day, the magma will rise up to the continental plate and form a set of mountains called volcanic arc. If the subducting is faster than the separating of mid-ocean bridge, the oceanic crust will dissappear in the end.Continental-Continental Boundaries: Two continent a
9、pproaching each other will initially be separated by an ocean floor that is being subducted under one continent. The edge of that continent will display the features characteristic of oceanie-continental convergence. As the ocean floor continues to be subducted, the two continents will be closer and
10、 closer until they eventually collide.During this progress, it will form new mountains like Himalayas of China. DescriptionAccording the above-mentioned, we can easily know that there are many differences between divergent boundaries and convergent boundaries. Now, lets discuss the topic respectivel
11、y from the two aspects as tectonic and material. In tectonics, those two types of the boundaries suffer from completely different stress which causes different models of plates movement. Divergent boundary is under tensional stress, so it makes two plates move against with each other. When it happen
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