建筑施工安全生产危险源辨识与控制毕业论文.doc
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1、Engineering Master Degree Dissertation of ChongqingUniversityThe Hazards identification and control ofProduction Safety in ConstructionMaster Degree Candidate: Sun JunweiSupervisor: Prof. Yan WeiPluralistic Supervisor:Prof. Senior Eng.Yang ZaifuMajor:Construction and Civil EngineeringCollege of Civi
2、l Engineering of Chongqing University,Chongqing, China.October 2007摘要安全生产是社会文明和进步的重要标志,是国民经济稳定运行的重要保障,是坚持以人为本安全理念的必然要求,是坚持人与自然和谐发展的前提条件。建筑业从业人数众多,建设工程规模巨大。搞好建设工程的安全生产关系着千万人民群众的生命和财产安全,是实践“三个代表”重要思想,认真落实党“十七大”提出以科学发展观为指导,全面建立小康社会宏伟目标的具体体现。本文将围绕建筑施工中的危险源管理展开系统研究。从施工环境、作业人员、建筑材料、施工机械设备、施工技术和工艺、施工管理等各个方
3、面,运用系统科学的分析方法去研究,辨识工程项目施工中的危险源,把握其特点,寻找其规律,对危险源进行分析辨别,划分危险等级,确定危险源的控制范围并对危险源进行有针对性的预防和控制。首先,本文从项目的特点和项目施工的特点分析了施工项目的系统危险性特点,指出了施工项目系统危险性的固有性、脆弱性和时效性及多维度特征,要求在管理过程中把握全面、动态和预先分析的思路。其次,论文对不同阶段的危险源管理技术展开讨论,施工项目安全规划阶段的本质安全化危险源管理技术、危险源初始辨识技术、施工日常安全管理过程中的危险源自辨识、动态辨识及事故发生和紧急状态下的应急管理技术。从而将危险源纳入事前预控、过程监控和紧急状况
4、下的预警和应急处置等全方位预防控制中。再次,本文在施工项目系统危险源管理方法技术研究中,注重了危险源辨识技术和危险源分类方法上的创新:危险源辨识技术上的创新。将项目管理的思想和危险源管理思想有机融合,用安全网络计划技术,明确危险源管理的工作系统范围,实践的角度对危险源进行全面辨识,既保证系统性和全面性,又保证重点突出。危险源分类方法上的创新。从系统的角度来审视工程项目危险源,充分发挥企业层面和项目层面对危险源的不同侧重点的把握。将危险源分为全局性危险源和局部性危险源,对不同类型的危险源,采用不同的方法予以危险等级划分。安全网络计划技术创新。将网络计划技术运用到施工项目危险源管理中,一方面为应用
5、项目管理技术进行危险源管理拓展了思路;另一方面,为施工项目危险源管理有效进行动态控制和PDCA循环提供了技术手段。最后,论文还探索了施工项目危险源的应急管理方法和危险源管理信息系统两个方面内容。提出了施工项目应急管理分级标准、构思了施工项目应急危险源I应急管理框架。同时,衔接国家最新的紧急事态应急管理体系建设规划要求,积极倡导施工项目应急能力建设,提出了基于计算机信息技术和互联网络技术的国家级和企业级危险源管理信息系统平台框架和基于该系统平台的核心危险源动态辨识系统和系统危险性评价系统等专家决策支持系统的技术框架。关键词:建筑施工,安全生产,危险源,辨识,控制IIAbstractThe pro
6、duction safety is an important symbol of civilization and development ofthe society, the important guarantee of the stabilization running of the country economy,the necessity requires and precondition of harmonious development of human beingsand nature. The quantity of people in construction enterpr
7、ises is numerous. And theengineering scale is very magnitude. So the production safety of constructionengineering is related to the safety of hundreds of thousands of people and theirproperties. And it is the concrete embody of “three delegate” and affluent society, andalso the essential of “the 17t
8、h convention”which introduced the science developingviewpoint.The paper will center on the hazard management of construction engineering tomake a systematic research. It is study on the hazaeds characteristic in constructionproject by syetenmatic, from construction environment, operating personnel,
9、buildingmaterial, construction machinery equipment, construction technology, constructionmanagement and so on, to make a hazards identification and control by graspinghazards characteristic and making sure the range the hazards control.Firstly, this study has analysed the the characteristic of the h
10、azads in congstructionproject froom the characteristic of the project and its construction. And then pointed outthe characteristic of intrinsic, weakly, timely and multidimensional of the hazards inconstruction project, and required an overall, dynamic and advanced analysis in theprocess of the mana
11、gement.Secondly, this paper has investigated the technology of hazards management in thedifferent stage, including the technology of natural safety and initial identifying ofhazard in the stage of planning safety, and the self-identification, dynamic identification,merfency management in the stage o
12、f naturally safety amangement of constructionproject.Lastly, this paper has made an important study on the innovation of hazadsidentification and the classification of hazards:The innovation on the hazard identification. Combined the thought of projectmanagement and hazards management, adopted a tec
13、hnology of safety networkplanning, and definition the extent of the hazard management, to identification thehazards practically, which assured both the systematic and the stand out of the keyIIIpoints.The innovation on the method of hazard classification.We should survey thehazard from the view of t
14、he entire system. So we may take advantage of all levels of theenterprises and project to catch the key point of the hazard. The hazards can be dividedinto overall hazard and partial hazard. And take different measures to classificate thedifferent hazard.The innovations on the safety network plannin
15、g. We applied the technology ofsafe network planning to the c hazard management of onstruction project. It could openup the thinking of the project management of the hazard; on the other hand, it providesone measure to dynamic control and use PDCA circle system in the hazard managementof the constru
16、ction project.Finally, the paper has also surveyed the measures and the information system ofemergemcy management of hazard in the construction project, it has pointed out theclassification standard and the management framework of the emergency management.And it met the new requirements of the count
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