日本沼虾摄食与繁殖行为生态学的研究论文.doc
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1、日本沼虾摄食与繁殖行为生态学的研究日本沼虾摄食与繁殖行为生态学的研究目 录中文摘要5中文关键词5英文摘要5英文关键词71.前言71.1国内外研究概况71.1.1关于日本沼虾的研究71.1.2行为生态学研究简史71.1.3有关行为生态学研究的方法81.1.4日本沼虾的繁殖行为生态学81.1.5日本沼虾的摄食行为生态学研究91.1.6日本沼虾行为生态学研究的应用91.2研究目的和意义92.材料与方法 102.1研究材料102.1.1日本沼虾102.1.2实验饵料102.2方法102.2.1日本沼虾的繁殖行为生态102.2.2日本沼虾的摄食行为生态113.结果与分析 123.1日本沼虾的繁殖行为生态
2、123.1.1配偶选择123.1.2日本沼虾的繁殖领域行为133.2日本沼虾的摄食行为生态133.2.1日本沼虾对不同饵料的选择133.2.2食物可得性与日本沼虾的食物选择143.2.3日本沼虾在不同生境压力下的摄食策略144.讨论164.1关于日本沼虾的生殖行为生态学164.1.1关于日本沼虾的理想配偶选择164.1.2关于日本沼虾的生殖领域行为164.2关于日本沼虾的觅食行为经济学174.2.1关于日本沼虾的食物选择与饥饿风险174.2.2关于日本沼虾的食物选择与食物可得性184.2.3关于日本沼虾的觅食策略184.2.4关于日本沼虾的摄食领域行为195.结论195.1关于日本沼虾的繁殖行
3、为生态195.2关于日本沼虾的摄食行为生态19参考文献20致谢22CatalogueChinese Abstract.5Chinese Keyword .5English Abstract.5English keyword .71. Preface. 71.1Domestic and foreign research profile. 7 1.1.1 About Macrobrachium nipponensis research.71.1.2 Behavioral ecology research targeting. 71.1.3 Relevant behavioral ecology r
4、esearch method of. .81.1.4 Macrobrachium nipponensis reproduce behavioral ecology . .81.1.5 Macrobrachium nipponensis feeding behavioral ecology research. . .91.1.6 Macrobrachium nipponensis behavioral ecology research applications.91.2 Research purpose and meaning. . . 92. Materials and methods . .
5、102.1 Research materials .102.1.1 Macrobrachium nipponensis.102.1.2 Experimental baits.102.2 Methods .102.2.1The reproductive behavior ecological of Macrobrachium nipponensis .102.2.2 The behavior of ingestion ecological of Macrobrachium nipponensis.113. Results and analysis.123.1 The breeding behav
6、ior ecological of Macrobrachium nipponensis.123.1.1 Mate choice. 123.1.2 Breeding areas behavior of Macrobrachium nipponensis.133.2 The behavior of ingestion Macrobrachium nipponensis ecological.133.2.1 for different Macrobrachium nipponensis of baits choice.133.2.2Food availability of food choices
7、with Macrobrachium nipponensis .143.2.3In different habitat Macrobrachium nipponensis under pressure of feed strategy 144. Discuss.164.1 About Macrobrachium nipponensiss reproductive behavioral ecology.164.4.1 about the ideal mate choice of Macrobrachium nipponensis. 164.1.2 About Macrobrachium nipp
8、onensiss reproductive field behavior .164.2 About the foraging economics of Macrobrachium nipponensis. 174.2.1The food choices about Macrobrachium nipponensis with hunger .174.2.2About Macrobrachium nipponensiss food choices and food avail. 18 4.2.3The foraging about Japan spermatogenesis strategy.1
9、8 4.2.4 The feeding areas about Macrobrachium nipponensis behavior.19 5. Conclusion.19 5.1 The breeding behavior ecological about Macrobrachium nipponensis.19 5.2 The behavior of ingestion ecological of Macrobrachium nipponensis .19References. .20 Acknowledgments.22日本沼虾摄食与繁殖行为生态学的研究 摘要:对日本沼虾的繁殖行为生态和
10、摄食行为生态进行研究的结果表明:雄虾选择性腺发育良好的特别是快生殖蜕壳的雌虾为交配对象,雌虾则选择个体强壮的雄虾;在争夺配偶时,从一开始就保护雌虾的雄性个体比后来入侵者表现出更强烈的配偶竞争行为;竞争者数量少时雄虾一般用身体或足压住雌虾即可,而当竞争者多时,雄虾则展开第二步足、摆动大触须以防竞争者的入侵;不同日本沼虾个体采取不同的交配策略单配偶、多配偶或“偷袭”交配。日本沼虾的食谱由实验环境中的食物种类、食物可得性决定;日本沼虾随投食量的变化、停喂时间和竞争者数量的改变而采取不同的摄食策略改变摄食速度、调整与其它虾的争斗行为及占有食物斑块的行为;日本沼虾对小活鱼采取“伏击”捕捉式;同一实验生态
11、条件下,不同日本沼虾个体对食物斑块的利用方式有异占有食物斑块、“偷袭”抢食或其它方式,而且雌虾的摄食领域行为不及雄虾的明显。总之,日本沼虾的行为发生是对特定生态环境的适应性反应,也就是说生态环境为它们的行为创造了条件,一定环境条件下,它们的行为反应均是为最大限度提高个体的生存适合度和生殖成功率。关键词:繁殖行为生态学 摄食行为生态学 日本沼虾Study on food and reproductive behavior of Macrobrachium nipponensisAuthor Yu Chaolei Supervisor Associate Prof.Chen Hongju Abst
12、ract: The reproductive behavior of Macrobrachium nipponensis ecological and the behavior of ingestion of ecological research results show that: the male shrimp choice of good especially fast gonadal development in the female reproductive exuviate shell shrimp for mating, the female shrimp chooses ta
13、rget individual strong male shrimp; In the competition for spouses, from the very beginning of male individual protect female shrimp show more than later invaders strongly spouse competitive behavior; Competitors with youth male shrimp general quantity body or foot pinned female shrimp can, and when
14、 competitors for long time, while the shrimp on the second step foot, the swinging big tentacles in case the invasion competitors; Different Japanese individual take different mating spermatogenesis spouse, many single strategy - spouse or attack mating. Japan by experimental environment spermatogen
15、esis recipes of the variety of foods, food availability decide; Macrobrachium nipponensis with the cast appetite, stop feeding time and change the number of competitors changes take different feeding strategy - change feeding speed, adjustment and other shrimp fight behavior and possession of behavi
16、or; food plaques live fish taken to small Macrobrachium nipponensis ambush capture type; The same experiment ecological conditions, different individuals to food plaques Macrobrachium nipponensis have different ways of using the patch, occupies food - sneak rob food or other way, and female prawn fe
17、eding areas than male prawn obvious behavior. Anyhow, Macrobrachium nipponensis is happening on the behavior of specific ecological environment, i.e. adaptive reaction for their behavior ecological environment create conditions, certain environmental condition, they behavioral responses are to maxim
18、ize individuals survival and reproductive success rate for degrees.Keywords: Behavioral ecology, feeding behavior, Macrobrachium nipponensis1.前言1.1国内外研究概况1.1.1关于日本沼虾的研究近年来国内外许多学者对日本沼虾的生物学特征、繁养殖学、形态学、解剖学、遗传学、病害病理学防治等已有过大量的研究和报道。但对日本沼虾行为生态学进行系统研究的报道还很少。1.1.2行为生态学研究简史行为生态学是生态学中最年轻的一个分支学科,至今只有几十年的历史,有关动
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