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1、 本科毕业设计(论文)选题审批表本科毕业设计(论文)选题审批表 届: 学院(系): 专业: 年 月 日 学生姓名学号 指导教师职称 所选题目基于 PB 的供应链管理系统 题目来源 选题理由(选题意义、拟解决的问题、对专业知识的综合训练情况等): 签字: 年 月 日 指导教师意见院(系)专家组意见教研室(研究所)意见 签字: 年 月 日 签字: 年 月 日 签字: 年 月 日 注:(1) “选题理由”由拟题人填写。 (2)本表一式二份,一份院系留存,一份发给学生,最后装订在毕业设计说明书(毕业论文)中。 天津理工大学教务处制表 供应管理系统供应管理系统 查询统计报表 1 摘 要 供应管理系统是从
2、医院经济管理的要求出发,采用科学的管理方法, 其基本功能包括换领管理,库存管理,查询统计报表,系统维护,系统服务等 功能。 供应室是医院的物资供应部门,主要负责供应全院的卫生物品。通过使用 供应管理系统可以充分发挥计算机联网管理的优势,使管理人员及时了解 供应室的具体情况,大大提高了医院对供应室的管理能力。 本系统采用直观的菜单界面,采用事件驱动,多窗口和滚屏显示技术,操 作方便、灵活、使用简单,人机界面友善。 本次毕业设计我主要负责供应管理系统的查询统计报表。实现查询和打印 各种已生成的单据(入库单,领物单,换物单,退物单,报损单,回收单) , “时间”为一个时间段,默认为当前系统时间,可以
3、输入科室、操作人和录入 人等查询条件,也可以不输入这些查询条件;日报表查询和打印某天供应室库 存物品组合包的领用数量、领用资金、换领数量、入库数量、报损数量、报 损金额、回退数量、回退金额;入库损益查询可以查询并打印和库存单价不同 的入库明细的情况。 关键词:PowerBuilder 9.0,供应室管理,数据交换,查询功能,SQL Server 2000。 Supply management system Inquiry statistics report form 1 ABSTRACT “Supply Management system management system“ is embar
4、ks fromthe hospital economy management request, uses the science themanagement, its basic function including receives in exchange themanagement, the stock management, the inquiry statistics report form,the system maintenance, function and so on system service. The supply office is the hospital provi
5、sioning department, primarycognizance supplies the entire courtyard the hygienic goods. Throughuses “Supply Management system management system“ to be allowed fullyto display the computer networking management the superiority, makesthe administrative personnel promptly to understand the supply offic
6、ethe special details, greatly enhanced the hospital to the supplyoffice management ability. This system uses the direct-viewing menu contact surface, uses theevent to actuate, the multi- windows and roll the screen demonstrationtechnology, the ease of operation, nimbly, the use simple, theman- machi
7、ne contact surface is friendly. Key word: PowerBuilder 9.0, supply office management, data exchange,inquiry function, SQL Server 2,000. The design I graduated from the main supply management system for inquiries statistical statements. Query and print various documents have been generated (storage l
8、ists, and they were alone, for single objects, and the withdrawal from single reported loss alone, Recovery), “time“ for a period of time, defaults to the current system, to be imported into sections, logging operation and the conditions were such inquiries, it is not the importation of these inquir
9、ies; Japanese statements inquiries and Print One day supply room inventory / portfolio packet reception for the number of their use of funds, the renewal of the number of storage volume, the number of reported losses, the amount of damage reported, the number of regression, regression rate; The amou
10、nt of profit or loss inquiries can find and print and stock price Details different storage conditions. 中外文献中外文献 Computer Program 1 1 Introduction Computer Program, set of instructions that directs a computer to perform some processing function or combination of functions. For the instructions to be
11、 carried out, a computer must execute a program, that is, the computer reads the program, and then follow the steps encoded in the program in a precise order until completion. A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon t
12、he options and data that the user gives the computer. Programs fall into two major classes: application programs and operating systems. An application program is one that carries out some function directly for a user, such as word processing or game-playing. An operating system is a program that man
13、ages the computer and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM, hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs. Examples of operating systems are DOS, Windows 95, OS2, and UNIX. 2 2 Program Development Software designers creat
14、e new programs by using special applications programs, often called utility programs or development programs. A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called a programming language. With the text editor, the programmer creates a te
15、xt file, which is an ordered list of instructions, also called the program source file. The individual instructions that make up the program source file are called source code. At this point, a special applications program translates the source code into machine language, or object codea format that
16、 the operating system will recognize as a proper program and be able to execute. Three types of applications programs translate from source code to object code: compilers, interpreters, and assemblers. The three operate differently and on different types of programming languages, but they serve the
17、same purpose of translating from a programming language into machine language. A compiler translates text files written in a high-level programming language-such as FORTRAN, C, or Pascalfrom the source code to the object code all at once. This differs from the approach taken by interpreted languages
18、 such as BASIC, APL and LISP, in which a program is translated into object code statement by statement as each instruction is executed. The advantage to interpreted languages is that they can begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the source code to be compiled.
19、 Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wait for it to be compiled again. The disadvantage of interpreted languages is that they are slow to execute, since the entire program must be translated one instruction at a time, each time the program is run. On the other ha
20、nd, compiled languages are compiled only once and thus can be executed by the computer much more quickly than interpreted languages. For this reason, compiled languages are more common and are almost always used in professional and scientific applications. Another type of translator is the assembler
21、, which is used for programs or parts of programs written in assembly language. Assembly language is another programming language, but it is much more similar to machine language than other types of high- level languages. In assembly language, a single statement can usually be translated into a sing
22、le instruction of machine language. Today, assembly language is rarely used to write an entire program, but is instead most often used when the programmer needs to directly control some aspect of the computers function. Programs are often written as a set of smaller pieces, with each piece represent
23、ing some aspect of the overall application program. After each piece has been compiled separately, a program called a linker combines all of the translated pieces into a single executable program. Programs seldom work correctly the first time, so a program called a debugger is often used to help fin
24、d problems called bugs. Debugging programs usually detect an event in the executing program and point the programmer back to the origin of the event in the program code. Recent programming systems, such as Java, use a combination of approaches to create and execute programs. A compiler takes a Java
25、source program and translates it into an intermediate form. Such intermediate programs are then transferred over the Internet into computers where an interpreter program then executes the intermediate form as an application program. 3 3 Program Elements Most programs are built from just a few kinds
26、of steps that are repeated many times in different contexts and in different combinations throughout the program. The most common step performs some computation, and then proceeds to the next step in the program, in the order specified by the programmer. Programs often need to repeat a short series
27、of steps many times, for instance in looking through a list of game scores and finding the highest score. Such repetitive sequences of code are called loops. One of the capabilities that makes computer so useful is their ability to make conditional decisions and perform different instructions based
28、on the values of data being processed. If-then-else statements implement this function by testing some piece of data and then selecting one of two sequences of instructions on the basis of the result. One of the instructions in these alternatives may be a goto statement that directs the computer to
29、select its next instruction from a different part of the program. For example, a program might compare two numbers and branch to a different part of the program depending on the result of the comparison: If x is greater than y Then Goto instruction # 10 Else continue Program often use a specific seq
30、uence of steps more than once. Such a sequence of steps can be grouped together into a subroutine, which can then be called, or accessed, as needed in different parts of the main program. Each time a subroutine is called, the computer remembers where it was in the program when the call was made, so
31、that it can return there upon completion of the subroutine, allowing a very general piece of code to be written once and used in multiple ways. Most programs use several varieties of subroutines. The most common of these are functions, procedures, library routines, system routines, and device driver
32、s. Functions are short subroutines that compute some value, such as computations of angles, which the computer cannot compute with a single basic instruction. Procedures perform a more complex function, such as sorting a set of names. Library routines are subroutines that are written for use by many
33、 different programs. System routines are similar to library routines but are actually found in the operating system. They provide some service for the application programs, such as printing a line of text. Device drivers are system routines that are added to an operating system to allow the computer
34、 to communicate with a new device, such as a scanner, modem, or printer. Device drivers often have features that can be executed directly as applications programs. This allows the user to directly control the device, which is useful if, for instance, a color printer needs to be realigned to attain t
35、he best printing quality after changing an ink cartridge. 4 4 Program Function Modern computers usually store programs on some form of magnetic storage media that can be accessed randomly by the computer, such as the hard drive disk permanently located in the computer, or a portable floppy disk. Add
36、itional information on such disks, called directories, indicate the names of the various program begins on the disk media. When a user directs the computer to execute a particular application program, the operating system looks through these directories, locates the program, and reads a copy into RA
37、M. The operating system then directs the CPU to start executing the instructions at the beginning of the program. Instructions at the beginning of the program prepare the computer to process information by locating free memory locations in RAM to hold working data, retrieving copies of the standard
38、options and defaults the user has indicated from a disk, and drawing initial displays on the monitor. The application program requests copy of any information the user enters by making a call to a system routine. The operating system converts any data so entered into a standard internal form. The ap
39、plication then uses this information to decide what to do next-for example, perform some desired processing function such as reformatting a page of text, or obtain some additional information from another file on a disk. In either case, calls to other system routines are used to actually carry out t
40、he display of the results or the accessing of the file from the disk. When the application reaches completion or is prompted to quit, it makes further system calls to make sure that all data that needs to be saved has been written back to disk. It then makes a final system call to the operating syst
41、em indicating that it is finished. The operating system then frees up the RAM and any device that the application was using and awaits a command from the user to start another program. 5 History People have been storing sequences of instructions in the form of a program for several centuries. Music
42、boxes of the 18th century and player pianos of the late 19th and early 20th centuries played musical programs stored as series if metal pins, or holes in paper, with each line representing when a note was to be played, and the pin or hole indicating what note was to be played at that time. More elab
43、orate control of physical devices became common in the early 1800s with French inventor Joseph Marie Jacquards invention of the punch-card controlled weaving loom. In the process of weaving a particular pattern, various parts of the loom had to be mechanically positioned. To automate this process, J
44、acquard used a single paper card to represent each positioning of the loom, with hole in the card to indicate which loom actions should be done. An entire tapestry could be encoded onto a deck of such cards, with the same deck yielding the same tapestry design each time it was used. Programs of over
45、 24,000 card were developed and used. The worlds first programmable machine was designed-although never fully built- by the English mathematician and inventor, Charles Babbage. This machine, called the Analytical Engine, used punch cards similar to those used in the Jacquard loom to select the speci
46、fic arithmetic operation to apply at each step. Inserting a different set of cards changed the computations the machine performed. This machine had counterparts for almost everything found in modern computers, although it was mechanical rather than electrical. Construction of the Analytical Engine w
47、as never completed because the technology required to build it did not exist at the time. The first card deck programs for the Analytical Engine were developed by British mathematician Countess Augusta Ada Lovelace, daughter of the poet Lord Byron. For this reason she is recognized as the worlds fir
48、st programmer. The modern concept of an internally stored computer program was first proposed by Hungarian-American mathematician John von Neumann in 1945. Von Neumanns idea was to use the computers memory to store the program as well as the data. In this way, programs can be viewed as data and can
49、be processed like data by other programs. This idea greatly simplifies the role of program storage and execution in computers. 6 The Future The field of computer science has grown rapidly since the 1950s due to the increase in their use. Computer programs have undergone many changes during this time in response to user need and advances in technology. Newer ideas in computing such as parallel computing, distributed computing, and artificial intelligence, have radically altered the traditional concepts that once dete
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