2019-2020同步外研英语选修六新突破讲义:Module 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar——动词-ing形式(Ⅰ) Word版含答案.pdf
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1、Section Grammar动词动词ing 形式形式 () 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句后自主感悟 1. .Will, still watching, , saw the cat behave curiously. 2. .When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating. 3. .While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog. 4. .Before leaving his
2、 kingdom, he calls his son to him. 5. .Not knowing her address, I cant write to her to express my gratitude. 6. .Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 1. .六个例句中动词ing 形式的逻辑主语 都是句子的主语。 2. .由句 5 可知,动词ing 形式的否定式 是在其前加 not。 3. .在句 3 中,动词ing 形式短语前用 while, 为了强调与谓语动词的动作同时 发生;在句
3、4 中,动词ing 形式短语前 用 before,为了强调在谓语动词的动作 之前发生。 4. .由句 6 可知,动词ing 形式的完成 式为 having done。 一、动词ing 形式作状语的基本用法 动词ing 形式作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴 随动作,作方式状语和伴随状语时可以变为并列分句,作其他状语时也可以变为 相应的状语从句。它的位置比较灵活,可以置于句首、句中或句末,有时用逗号 分开,有时不用。一般来说,作时间、原因、条件或让步状语时,通常位于句子 的前部;作结果、方式或伴随状语时,通常位于句子的后部。 状语类型例句 时间Hearing the good
4、 news, they went wild with joy. (When they heard the good news, they went wild with joy.) 听到这个好消息,他们高兴得发了狂。 原因 Getting up late, he missed the early train. (Because he got up late, he missed the early train.) 由于起床晚了,他没有赶上早班火车。 条件 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (If you turn to the left
5、, you will find the school.) 向左拐,你就会发现那所学校。 让步 Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. (Although he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.) 尽管知道我住哪里,但他从来也没有来看我。 结果 The boy fell off his bike, breaking his left arm. (The boy fell off his bike so that he broke his left arm.) 男孩从他的自行车上摔了下
6、来,弄折了他的左胳膊。 方式 He came running into the room. (He came and ran into the room.) 他跑进屋来。 伴随 He sat at the table, reading a magazine. (He sat at the table and read a magazine.) 他坐在桌子旁,读着一本杂志。 即时训练 1 用动词ing 形式改写下面的句子 If you read carefully, youll learn something new. Reading carefully, youll learn somethi
7、ng new. As he was very tired, he couldnt walk any further. Being very tired, he couldnt walk any further. Although he worked as hard as he could, he didnt pass the exam. Working as hard as he could, he didnt pass the exam. 二、动词ing 形式的时态和语态 1 在逻辑上, 当动词ing 形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作(几乎) 同时发生时用一般式;当动词ing 形式表示
8、的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前时用 完成式。 Seeing the stranger coming towards him, little Tom ran away as fast as he could. 看见陌生人朝他走来,小汤姆尽可能快地跑开了。 ( see 和 run 几乎同时发生) Having studied English for three years, he could read brief stories in English. 由于学习了三年英语,他能用英语读简单的故事。 (study 发生在 read 之前) 2在逻辑上,当句子的主语执行动词ing 形式表示的动作时,动词
9、ing 形 式用主动式;当句子的主语承受动词ing 形式表示的动作时,动词ing 形式用被 动式。 He listened to the tape, making notes now and then. 他听着磁带,偶尔记笔记。(he 执行 make 表示的动作) Being called by a stranger, he realized what had happened. 由于一个陌生人打电话,他意识到出事了。(he 承受 call 表示的动作) 即时训练 2 用动词ing 形式完成句子 Having written an important letter(写完一封重要的信后), I
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